Staphylococcus pseudintermedius versus Staphylococcus intermedius     

Devriese LA  Hermans K  Baele M  Haesebrouck F 《Veterinary microbiology》2009,133(1-2):206-207

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Cutaneous hyalohyphomycosis in a girdled lizard (Cordylus giganteus) caused by the Chrysosporium anamorph of Nannizziopsis vriesii and successful treatment with voriconazole     

Tom Hellebuyck  Kris Baert  Frank Pasmans  Lieven Van Waeyenberghe  Lies Beernaert  Koen Chiers  Patrick De Backer  Freddy Haesebrouck  An Martel 《Veterinary dermatology》2010,21(4):429-433

The Chrysosporium anamorph of Nannizziopsis vriesii was associated with dermatomycosis and high mortality in a group of captive giant girdled lizards (Cordylus giganteus). Treatment of one of the infected girdled lizards with voriconazole, which was selected on the basis of in vitro sensitivity testing of the isolate, resulted in resolution of lesions and negative fungal cultures from the skin. Three hours after oral administration of 10 mg/kg, the plasma level of voriconazole exceeded the 0.25‐μg/mL minimal inhibitory concentration tenfold. In conclusion, administration of voriconazole at 10 mg/kg of body weight once daily for 10 weeks resulted in clinical cure and was well tolerated. A longer follow‐up time and larger studies will be necessary to determine the long‐term efficacy and safety of this treatment in giant girdled lizards.  相似文献   

Post-mortem examination and laboratory-based analysis for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis among dairy cattle in Ecuador     

Proaño-Pérez F  Benitez-Ortiz W  Desmecht D  Coral M  Ortiz J  Ron L  Portaels F  Rigouts L  Linden A 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2011,101(1-2):65-72

Veterinary inspection in slaughterhouses allows for the detection of macroscopic lesions reminiscent of bovine tuberculosis, but the presence of Mycobacterium bovis must be confirmed by laboratory methods. This study aimed at comparing the performances of the standard diagnostic tools used to identify M. bovis in tissue specimens sampled from suspicious animals. During a two years period, 1390 cattle were inspected at the Machachi abattoir in the Mejia canton - Ecuador. A total of 33 animals with granulomatous lesions were detected, representing 2.33% (16/687) and 2.42% (17/703) animals examined in 2007 and 2008, respectively. Ninety-four tissue specimens were sampled and screened for the presence of mycobacteria. Acid-fast bacilli were identified in one third of the suspicious cattle (11/33) and suggestive microscopic lesions in 27.3% (9/33) of the samples examined by direct microscopy and histopathology, respectively. Culturing on Stonebrink medium and 16S-rRNA-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) yielded 36.4% (12/33) and 27.3% (9/33) of positives, respectively. Compared to culture, other diagnostic procedures displayed a lower sensitivity, with 56.5% for PCR, and 43.5% for direct microscopy and histopathology; however, the specificity was higher (94.4% for PCR and microscopy, and 97.2% for histopathology). We conclude that reliable post-mortem laboratory testing either requires the combination of a set of available diagnostic tools or necessitates the development of improved new-generation tools with better sensitivity and specificity characteristics.  相似文献   

Implementation of two high through-put techniques in a novel application: detecting point mutations in large EMS mutated plant populations     

Antoine LF Gady  Freddy WK Hermans  Marion HBJ Van de Wal  Eibertus N van Loo  Richard GF Visser  Christian WB Bachem 《Plant methods》2009,5(1):13-14

Background  

The establishment of mutant populations together with the strategies for targeted mutation detection has been applied successfully to a large number of organisms including many species in the plant kingdom. Considerable efforts have been invested into research on tomato as a model for berry-fruit plants. With the progress of the tomato sequencing project, reverse genetics becomes an obvious and achievable goal.  相似文献   

Experimental Streptococcus bovis infections in pigeons.     

P De Herdt  M Desmidt  F Haesebrouck  R Ducatelle  L A Devriese 《Avian diseases》1992,36(4):916-925

Thirty pigeons were experimentally infected with Streptococcus bovis using an intravenous infection model. Ninety percent of the inoculated pigeons developed clinical disease. Disease signs included acute death, inability to fly, lameness, inappetence, emaciation, polyuria, and the production of slimy, green droppings. At necropsy, the septicemic character of the disease was evident. Typical lesions included extensive well-circumscribed areas of necrosis in the pectoral muscle, tenosynovitis of the tendon of the Musculus pectoralis profundus, and arthritis of the stifle, tibiotarsal, or shoulder joints. Focal myocardial necrosis also was seen. Meningitis and encephalitis occurred in the cerebrum and the cerebellum. Disease signs and lesions described here after experimental infection were similar to those in naturally occurring cases of S. bovis septicemia.  相似文献   

Identification of ISSR markers linked to flowering traits in a representative sample of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Eucalyptus cladocalyx</Emphasis>     

Rodrigo Contreras-Soto  Paulina Ballesta  Eduardo Ruiz  Freddy Mora 《林业研究》2016,27(2):239-245

Early flowering and flower abundance have long been considered desirable traits in eucalypt breeding programs. In particular, flowers of Eucalyptus cladocalyx provide a nectar source for the production of honey in arid ecosystems. To identify inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers that are associated with early flowering and flower abundance in the southern Atacama Desert, we used a sample of 47 trees, representing five Australian provenances of E. cladocalyx. A unified mixed linear model (which considered the effect of genetic structure and the kinship relationship among trees) revealed that three loci were significantly associated with early flowering, which accounted for 10–16 % of the phenotypic variation, while two loci accounted for 11–13 % in flowering intensity. Locus ISO_{1–500 bp} was associated with both flowering traits. This result is consistent with our previous findings indicating that marker-assisted selection on early flowering should have significant and positive impact on flowering intensity. The application of marker-assisted selection to identify trees that flower early and intensively may increase honey production, a resource that generates additional income for the local farmers of the southern Atacama Desert.  相似文献   

Variability in the release of free and bound hydroxycinnamic acids from diverse malted barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars during wort production     

Vanbeneden N  Gils F  Delvaux F  Delvaux FR 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(26):11002-11010

Volatile phenols have long been recognized as important flavor contributors to the aroma of various alcoholic beverages. The two main flavor-active volatile phenols in beer are 4-vinylguaiacol and 4-vinylphenol. They are the decarboxylation products of the precursors ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid, respectively, which are released during the brewing process, mainly from malt. In this study, the variability in the release of free and ester-bound hydroxycinnamic acids from nine malted barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) varieties during wort production was investigated. A large variability between different barley malts and their corresponding worts was observed. Differences were also found between free ferulic acid levels from identical malt varieties originating from different malt houses. During mashing, free hydroxycinnamic acids in wort are both water-extracted and enzymatically released by cinnamoyl esterase activity. Esterase activities clearly differ between different barley malt varieties. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the release of ferulic acid during mashing did not depend only on the barley malt esterase activity but also on the amount of ester-bound ferulic acid initially present in the wort and on its endoxylanase activity. The study demonstrates the importance of selecting a suitable malt variety as the first means of controlling the final volatile phenol levels in beer.  相似文献   

Evaluation of a recombinant enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting Chlamydophila psittaci antibodies in turkey sera     

Verminnen K  Van Loock M  Hafez HM  Ducatelle R  Haesebrouck F  Vanrompay D 《Veterinary research》2006,37(4):623-632

Chlamydophila psittaci (formerly Chlamydia psittaci) is one of the major pathogens associated with turkey respiratory disease. Devastating outbreaks with high mortality rates, similar to those of 1950 to 1970 in the USA occasionally occur, but respiratory signs without or with low mortality mostly characterize outbreaks now a day. Accurate diagnostic methods should be made available. The present study examined the sensitivity and specificity of a recombinant ELISA (rMOMP ELISA) for detecting Cp. psittaci major outer membrane specific antibodies in turkey sera. Test results were compared to those of immunoblotting and of a competitive ELISA (Chlamydia-psittaci-AK-EIA, R?hm Pharma, Germany) and an indirect ELISA (LPS/LGP) detecting antibodies to the lipopolysaccharide/lipoglycoprotein complex. The rMOMP ELISA was most sensitive as determined on serial dilutions of positive control sera originating from experimentally infected SPF turkeys. The competitive ELISA gave false positives since three negative controls reacted positive. For conventional sera, the sensitivities of the competitive ELISA, immunoblotting and the indirect ELISA were found to be 99.4, 93.1 and 82.2%, respectively, as compared to the rMOMP ELISA (100%). The specificities of the rMOMP ELISA, immunoblotting and the indirect ELISA were found to be 100% while the specificity of the competitive ELISA was only 2.7%. The rMOMP ELISA was chosen to compare the prevalence of chlamydiosis in 2002 with the one from 1992. In 2002, 188 on 200 (94%) turkey sera reacted positive compared to 175 on 200 (87.5%) in 1992 and like 10 years ago all examined farms were seropositive at slaughter. Interestingly, Belgian as well as French farms were seropositive.  相似文献   

Bayesian mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling soybean cyst nematode resistant     

Osvin Arriagada  Freddy Mora  Joaquín C. Dellarossa  Marcia F. S. Ferreira  Gerardo D. L. Cervigni  Ivan Schuster 《Euphytica》2012,186(3):907-917

The soybean cyst nematode (SCN) is one of the most economically important pathogens of soybean. Molecular mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to SCN is a proven useful strategy in order to assist in the development of resistant soybean cultivars. In the present study, a Bayesian modeling approach was performed to map QTL controlling genetic resistance to SCN races 3 and 14. For this purpose, a population of recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross between line Y23 (susceptible) and cv. Hartwig (resistant) was used. A total of 144 microsatellites markers (Simple Sequence Repeats) were selected and synthesized for mapping purpose. Posterior marginal parameter distributions were computed using the Reversible Jump Markov Chain Monte Carlo (RJ-MCMC) algorithm. It was determined the existence of four QTLs on three linkage groups (LG); that is LG A2 for race 3, LG C2 for race 14, and LG G for both races. The estimates of posterior modes of the heritability were 0.038 and 0.53 for the LGs A2 and G respectively (race 3). For the race 14 the posterior modes of the heritability were 0.044 and 0.05 for the LGs C2 and G. The identified QTLs explained about 57 and 9 % of the total phenotypic variance, for the races 3 and 14, respectively. These results confirm the effectiveness of the Bayesian method to map QTL controlling resistance to SCN in soybean. Accordingly, integrating QTL mapping with Bayesian methods will enable response to selection for quantitative traits of interest in soybean to be improved.  相似文献   

Germination of Aspergillus fumigatus inside avian respiratory macrophages is associated with cytotoxicity     

Van Waeyenberghe L  Pasmans F  D'Herde K  Ducatelle R  Favoreel H  Li SJ  Haesebrouck F  Martel A 《Veterinary research》2012,43(1):32

ABSTRACT: Although aspergillosis is one of the most common diseases in captive birds, the pathogenesis of avian aspergillosis is poorly known. We studied the role of avian respiratory macrophages as a first line of defense against avian aspergillosis. The phagocytic and killing capacities of avian respiratory macrophages were evaluated using pigeon respiratory macrophages that were inoculated with Aspergillus fumigatus conidia. On average, 25% of macrophage-associated conidia were phagocytosed after one hour. Sixteen percents of these cell-associated conidia were killed after 4 h and conidial germination was inhibited in more than 95% of the conidia. A. fumigatus conidia were shown to be cytotoxic to the macrophages. Intracellularly germinating conidia were located free in the cytoplasm of necrotic cells, as shown using transmission electron microscopy. These results suggest that avian respiratory macrophages may prevent early establishment of infection, unless the number of A. fumigatus conidia exceeds the macrophage killing capacity, leading to intracellular germination and colonization of the respiratory tract.  相似文献