大蒜素及其在畜禽生产中的应用进展   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

姜国均  周帮会  黄军  王凤霞 《中国兽药杂志》2005,39(6):42-45

大蒜素是一种绿色环保药物和环保型绿色饲料添加剂,在畜禽养殖中应用十分广泛.本文综述了大蒜素的化学成分和理化特性、功能特点及其在畜禽养殖中的应用情况,并对其应用前景作了分析.  相似文献   

磺胺嘧啶原料药生产设备的清洁验证     

彭国钧 《中国兽药杂志》2005,39(9):48-50

为验证磺胺嘧啶原料药生产设备清洁方法的有效性，从验证合格标准、取样回收率、检测方法、设备清洁后的贮存期限等方面对清洁方法进行了研究。试验证明，磺胺嘧啶原料药生产设备的清洁方法是有效的，按此方法清洁的设备其贮存期限为14天。  相似文献   

Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in the Dog An Experimental Study     

GAYLE S. DONNER DVM    GARY W. ELLISON DVM  MS  DiplomateACVs    NORMAN ACKERMAN DVM  DiplomateACVR    DAVID F. SENIOR BVSC  DipiomateACVIM  GREGORY CAMPBELL MS  DVM 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1987,16(6):411-417

Percutaneous nephrostomies (PN) were created with teflon fascial dilators under fluoroscopic guidance, to implant stones bilaterally into the renal pelves of five dogs weighing 7 to 35 kg. Between one and seven stones of 0.25 to 1.00 cm diameter were implanted into each renal pelvis. Two to 4 weeks later, PN tracts were recreated, and the implanted renal stones were successfully removed under fluoroscopic and endoscopic visualization. Results of gross and histopathologic evaluation of the kidneys 2, 7, 14, 30, and 90 days after stone removal showed minimal, localized renal parenchymal trauma. Complications, although infrequent, included proximal ureteral tears and hemorrhage. Difficulty was encountered in maneuvering equipment around large or numerous stones. Canine percutaneous nephrolithotomy was successful despite great variation in kidney size, as well as variations in the number, size, and shape of stones in the upper urinary tract.  相似文献   

Osteochondral Dowel Transplantation for Repair of Focal Defects in the Knee: An Outcome Study Using an Ovine Model   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

MARK B HURTIG DVM MVSC    KELLI NOVAK MSC    ROGER McPHERSON MSC    SEAN McFADDEN MD MSC    LOCKSLEY E. McGANN PhD    KEN MULDREW PhD  NORMAN S. SCHACHAR MD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1998,27(1):5-16

Objective—A model system was developed to objectively assess the quality of articular cartilage after surgical reconstruction of focal defects in the medial femoral condyle using osteochondral dowel grafts.
Study Design—The surgical technique was developed and customized to reproducibly minimize surgical trauma and graft instability in order to improve the survival of the transplanted cartilage and the long-term integrity of the joint surfaces.
Animals or Sample Population—24 adult female Suffolk-Romanoff crossbred sheep.
Methods—Biomechanical creep testing, paravital staining for chondrocyte viability, histological analysis, and gross morphological analysis were performed at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively to compare fresh autografted osteochondral dowels with allografts that had been subject to a freezing protocol known to kill chondrocytes. The latter was used to investigate the time course of cartilage degeneration after injury. These two groups were also compared with normal unoperated control tissue.
Results—Biomechanical behavior, chondrocyte survival, and cartilage histology differed significantly between fresh grafts and those that had been frozen.
Conclusions —Indentation testing and paravital staining were able to identify degenerative changes earlier than other methods of assessment. The technique developed here reproducibly and reliably transplanted osteochondral dowel grafts while minimizing the confounding effects of surgical trauma and graft instability.
Clinical Relevance —The technique provides both a promising surgical technique for the repair of focal defects of the medial femoral condyle and a sensitive model for the future study of cryopreservation strategies for articular cartilage.  相似文献   

Malocclusions in the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus)     

LM Pettett  GJ Wilson  V Nicolson  WSJ Boardman  N Speight  J Fabijan  DJ Trott  PS Bird 《Australian veterinary journal》2019,97(11):473-481

Malocclusions are a misalignment or incorrect positioning of the teeth when the upper and lower jaws close. These are poorly described in the koala and can result in irregular mastication which can have lifelong effects on body condition and oral health. A total of 370 koalas from two populations in Queensland (295) and one in South Australia (75) were examined for malocclusions. The prevalence of malocclusions in South Australian free‐ranging koalas, captive Queensland koalas and Queensland free‐ranging koalas was 39% (44), 30% (29) and 22% (29) respectively. Four types of malocclusion were identified based on severity of misalignment of the incisor/canine region, types 1, 2, 3 and 4. Maxillary overbite measurements of the molariform teeth were determined and these anisognathic values were then used to describe malocclusions within familial relationships in captive colonies. Captive koalas with a malocclusion had narrower mandibular width that ranged between 0.5 and 1% less than the normal measurements. The specific malocclusions reported in this study affected individuals by leading to tooth rotation, mobility and erosion with inefficient mastication of food and vegetation compaction. These changes increased the oral cavity pathology, by placing animals at risk of periodontal disease. There was evidence of familial links to malocclusion types in captive animals. Therefore captive breeding recommendations should consider known koala malocclusion traits to minimise their effect on future generations.  相似文献   

Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis of Degenerative Lumbosacral Stenosis in Four Dogs     

JACEK J. de  HAAN dvm  SHIRLEY B. SHELTON dvm  NORMAN ACKERMAN dvm  dipiomate acvr   《Veterinary surgery : VS》1993,22(1):1-4

Magnetic resonance imaging was used to diagnose degenerative lumbosacral stenosis in four dogs that had physical and neurologic signs consistent with a cauda equina lesion. Nerve root displacement by protruding disc material and loss of epidural fat were identified. In all dogs, the diagnosis was confirmed by dorsal laminectomy of the lumbosacral area.  相似文献   

Sex-related responses to vitamin B₁₂ and trace element supplementation in prime lambs     

M SHALLOW  NJS ELLIS  GJ JUDSON 《Australian veterinary journal》1989,66(8):250-251

Bodyweight, plasma vitamin B12 and blood selenium concentrations were monitored in prime lambs given different forms of supplementation at 2 sites in separate years. At the first site treatment groups comprised control, vitamin B12 injection, selenium given orally and a combination of vitamin B12 and selenium. At the second site cobalt and selenium supplied in a glass bullet was compared with an untreated group. Significant sex-related responses were observed to treatment in terms of bodyweight and at site 2 in plasma vitamin B12 concentrations. A marked bodyweight response to glass bullet supplementation was observed in castrated male lambs but not in ewe lambs. These studies show that sex differences should be considered when investigating trace element deficiencies.  相似文献   

Craniomedial Approach to the Canine Scapulohumeral Joint     

DENNIS D. CAYWOOD D.V.M.  M.S.  MICHAEL P. SCHENK M.S.  †  NORMAN J. WILSMAN D.V.M.  Ph.D.  ‡  PAULINE L. WONG D.V.M.  JAMES P. TOOMBS D.V.M.  ALAN J. LIPOWITZ D.V.M.  M.S.  § 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1980,9(2):74-76

A craniomedial approach to the scapulohumeral joint of the dog is described for the removal of large, intraarticular cartilaginous bodies from the medial aspect of the joint. This technique was used successfully in 4 dogs with chronic osteochondritis dissecans in which the medial aspect of the joint was inaccessible through a standard lateral approach.  相似文献   

Expression Pattern of Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) System Members in Bovine Corpus Luteum Endothelial Cells During Treatment with FGF-2, VEGF or Oestradiol     

C Gabler  A Plath-Gabler  GJ Killian  B Berisha  D Schams 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2004,39(5):321-327

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Different Culture Media Requirements of IVF and Nuclear Transfer Bovine Embryos   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

GF Mastromonaco  E Semple  C Robert  GJ Rho  DH Betts  WA King 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2004,39(6):462-467

Important differences exist between in vitro fertilized (IVF) and nuclear transfer (NT) bovine embryos. Studies have shown that although in vitro development is comparable, post-implantation survival is greatly reduced in NT embryos. In this study, we compare serum and bovine serum albumin (BSA) supplementation during oocyte maturation and embryo culture of IVF and NT embryos. In experiment 1, oocytes and embryos were randomly distributed into different treatment groups consisting of synthetic oviductal fluid (SOF) medium supplemented with either serum, fatty acid-free BSA (FAF) or fraction V BSA during maturation and/or culture to assess IVF embryo development. In experiment 2, oocytes were matured in SOF + serum or SOF + FAF and reconstructed embryos were cultured in SOF + FAF to assess NT embryo development. Among the IVF treatment groups, a greater number of blastocysts were observed in the steer serum (SER) group (IVM and IVC in SOF + serum) on day 6; however, no significant differences were seen in blastocyst development from day 8 onwards. Hatching frequencies on days 8 and 9 were significantly greater in groups with serum, with the exception of FAF (IVM and IVC in SOF + FAF) on day 9. For the NT treatment groups, the presence of serum during IVM resulted in a higher proportion of MII oocytes and increased blastocyst development and hatching rates were compared with supplementation of FAF. These results indicate that both serum and FAF provide comparable embryo development for IVF but not for NT bovine embryos.  相似文献