Development and characterization of a new marine fish cell line from turbot (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Scophthalmus maximus</Emphasis>)     

N. Wang  X. L. Wang  Z. X. Sha  Y. S. Tian  S. L. Chen 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2010,36(4):1227-1234

A new marine fish cell line, TK, derived from turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) kidney, was established by the method of trypsin digestion and subcultured for more than 50 passages over a period of 300 days. The TK cells were maintained in Minimum Essential Medium Eagle (MEM) supplemented with HEPES, antibiotics, fetal bovine serum (FBS), 2-Mercaptoethanol (2-Me), and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). The suitable growth temperature for TK cells was 24°C, and microscopically, TK cells were composed of fibroblast-like cells. Chromosome analysis revealed that the TK cell line has a normal diploid karyotype with 2n = 44. Two fish viruses LCDV-C (lymphocystis disease virus from China) and TRBIV (turbot reddish body iridovirus) were used to determine the virus susceptibility of TK cell line. The TK cell line was found to be susceptible to TRBIV, and the infection was confirmed by cytopathic effect (CPE) and transmission electron microscopy, which detected the viral particles in the cytoplasm of virus-infected cells. Finally, significant green fluorescent signals were observed when the TK cells were transfected with pEGFP-N3 vector, indicating its potential utility for fish virus study and genetic manipulation.  相似文献   

Effect of triploidization on juvenile African catfish (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Clarias gariepinus</Emphasis>)     

A. Karami  A. Christianus  Z. Ishak  S. C. Courtenay  M. A. Syed  M. Noor Azlina  H. Noorshinah 《Aquaculture International》2010,18(5):851-858

Triploid African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) produced through cold shock 3 min post fertilization were compared to diploid offspring of the same parentage at 66 days of age. Triploid fish were significantly shorter (11%) and weighed less (18%) than diploids but showed no significant difference in mortality or cannibalism, which can be an important source of losses under aquaculture conditions. Erythrocytes of triploid fish were more oval shaped than the normal spherical shape of diploid erythrocytes, were significantly larger (38%) and had nuclei that were significantly larger (25%) than observed in diploid fish. Erythrocyte morphological characteristics show potential as an indicator for the detection of triploidy in African catfish.  相似文献   

Averting the baiji syndrome: conserving habitat for critically endangered dolphins in Eastern Taiwan Strait     

Peter S. Ross  Sarah Z. Dungan  Samuel K. Hung  Thomas A. Jefferson  Christina Macfarquhar  William F. Perrin  Kimberly N. Riehl  Elisabeth Slooten  John Tsai  John Y. Wang  Bradley N. White  Bernd Würsig  Shih Chu Yang  Randall R. Reeves 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2010,20(6):685-694

• 1. Numbering no more than 100 individuals and facing many threats, the geographically isolated Eastern Taiwan Strait population of Indo‐Pacific humpback dolphins (Sousa chinensis) is in peril. The estuarine and coastal waters of central‐western Taiwan have historically provided prime habitat for these dolphins, but environmental conditions today bear little resemblance to what they were in the past.
• 2. The humpback dolphins must share their habitat with thousands of fishing vessels and numerous factories built upon thousands of hectares of reclaimed land.
• 3. They are exposed to chemicals and sewage released from adjacent terrestrial activities. Noise and disturbance associated with construction, vessel traffic and military activities are features of everyday life for these animals.
• 4. Measures to slow the pace of habitat deterioration and reduce the many risks to the dolphins are urgently needed. As one practical step in this direction, this paper describes the habitat needs of these small cetaceans so that decision makers will be better equipped to define ‘priority habitat’ and implement much needed protection measures under the terms of local legislation.
• 5. The preferred habitat of these dolphins in Taiwan consists of shallow (<30 m), near‐shore marine waters with regular freshwater inputs.
• 6. For such a small, isolated and threatened population, ‘priority habitat’ should not be limited to areas of particularly intensive dolphin use or high dolphin density, but rather it should encompass the entire area where the animals have been observed (their current ‘habitat’), as well as additional coastal areas with similar bio‐physical features (‘suitable habitat’). Such a precautionary approach is warranted because the loss of only a few individuals could have serious population‐level consequences.
• 7. While conventional socio‐economic analysis might suggest that implementing protection measures over an area stretching ～350 km north–south along Taiwan's west coast and ～3 km out to sea would be too ‘costly’, the loss of this charismatic species from Taiwan's waters would send a troubling message regarding our collective ability to reconcile human activities with environmental sustainability. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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促早栽培对杨梅叶片形态及果实成熟与品质的影响     

戚行江  梁森苗  陈海豹  俞浙萍  孙鹂  郑锡良  张淑文 《果树学报》2023,(11):2403-2412

【目的】探究促早栽培对杨梅叶片形态、果实成熟与品质的影响。【方法】以东魁和荸荠种杨梅为试材,设置双膜、单膜促早设施及露地三种不同栽培模式,连续监测不同栽培模式中的温度变化,调查试验地区的物候期,比较对应的有效积温和活动积温,并测定叶片表型和果实品质指标。【结果】与露地栽培相比,促早栽培设施中日平均气温和活动积温显著提高,其中双膜栽培作用更明显,活动积温达2 592.1℃·d,提高74.3%;设施促早栽培下杨梅物候期和成熟期显著提前,双膜、单膜栽培杨梅成熟期分别比同地区的露地栽培提早40 d和22 d以上,采收期可长达57 d;设施促早栽培显著提高了单果质量、可溶性固形物含量和类黄酮含量等指标,商品果率提高1.6倍以上,经济效益显著提高。【结论】杨梅设施促早栽培技术是一种不影响杨梅正常生长,可显著提早成熟期、延长采收期、提升果实品质并大幅提高经济效益的栽培技术。  相似文献   

Inhibition of transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 through α2 adrenergic receptors at peripheral nerve terminals relieves pain     

Yumi MATSUSHITA  Miki MANABE  Issei KITAGAWA  Masashi HIGUCHI  Yoshinao Z HOSAKA  Naoki KITAMURA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(10):1570

The activation of α₂ adrenergic receptors contributes to analgesia not only in the central nervous system but also in the peripheral nervous system. We reported that noradrenaline inhibits the activity of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) evoked by capsaicin through α₂ receptors in cultured rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. However, it is unclear whether activation of TRPV1 expressed in peripheral nerve terminals is inhibited by α₂ receptors and whether this phenomenon contributes to analgesia. Therefore, we examined effects of clonidine, an α₂ receptor agonist, on several types of nociceptive behaviors, which may be caused by TRPV1 activity, and subtypes of α₂ receptors expressed with TRPV1 in primary sensory neurons in rats. Capsaicin injected into hind paws evoked nociceptive behaviors and clonidine preinjected into the same site inhibited capsaicin-evoked responses. This inhibition was not observed when clonidine was injected into the contralateral hind paws. Preinjection of clonidine into the plantar surface of ipsilateral, but not contralateral, hind paws reduced the sensitivity to heat stimuli. Clonidine partially reduced formalin-evoked responses when it was preinjected into ipsilateral hind paws. The expression level of α_2C receptor mRNA quantified by real-time PCR was highest followed by those of α_2A and α_2B receptors in DRGs. α_2A and α_2C receptor-like immunoreactivities were detected with TRPV1-like immunoreactivities in the same neurons. These results suggest that TRPV1 and α₂ receptors are coexpressed in peripheral nerve terminals and that the functional association between these two molecules causes analgesia.  相似文献   

Application of mouse model for evaluation of recombinant LpxC and GmhA as novel antigenic vaccine candidates of Glaesserella parasuis serotype 13     

Yong C. JIA  Xin CHEN  Yuan Y. ZHOU  Ping YAN  Ying GUO  Rong L. YIN  Jing YUAN  Lin X. WANG  Xin Z. WANG  Rong H. YIN 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(10):1500

Glaesserella parasuis (G. parasuis) has been one of the bacteria affecting the large-scale swine industry. Lack of an effective vaccine has limited control of the disease, which has an effect on prevalence. In order to improve the cross-protection of vaccines, development on subunit vaccines has become a hot spot. In this study, we firstly cloned the lpxC and gmhA genes from G. parasuis serotype 13 isolates, and expressed and purified their proteins. The results showed that LpxC and GmhA can stimulate mice to produce IgG antibodies. Through testing the cytokine levels of interleukin 4 (IL-4), IL-10 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ), it is found that recombinant GmhA, the mixed LpxC and GmhA can stimulate the body to produce Th1 and Th2 immune responses, while recombinant LpxC and inactivated bacteria can only produce Th2 immune responses. On the protection rate for mice, recombinant LpxC, GmhA and the mixture of LpxC and GmhA can provide 50%, 50% and 60% protection for lethal dose of G. parasuis infection, respectively. The partial protection achieved by the recombinant LpxC and GmhA supports their potential as novel vaccine candidate antigens against G. parasuis.  相似文献   

Post‐thaw Membrane Integrity of Agulhas Sole,Austroglossus pectoralis,Spermatozoa Evaluated Using Flow Cytometry and Fluorescent Staining     

Michael Z. Markovina  Horst Kaiser 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2009,40(6):848-852

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The use of immunostimulating herbs in fish. An overview of research   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Jeney Galina  G. Yin  L. Ardó  Z. Jeney 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2009,35(4):669-676

The use of immunostimulants as an alternative to the drugs, chemicals and antibiotics currently being used to control fish diseases in fish culture is attracting the attention of many researchers. In this context, many have focused on the use of medicinal plant products as potential therapeutic measures for modulating the immune response and, specifically, on the use of herbs to prevent and control fish diseases. Medicinal plants (plant remedies) are a deeply rooted component of the cultural heritage of many people from diverse cultures and countries and are, as such, closely linked to the maintenance of good health. The aim of this paper is to review research currently being carried out on the herbs and herbal extracts that have been shown to modulate the immune system of fish. Special attention is given to the use of Chinese and Indian herbs.  相似文献   

Leukocyte response and phagocytic activity in Nile tilapia experimentally infected with <Emphasis Type="Italic">Enterococcus</Emphasis> sp.     

Martins ML  Vieira FN  Jerônimo GT  Mouriño JL  Dotta G  Speck GM  Bezerra AJ  Pedrotti FS  Buglione-Neto CC  Pereira G 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2009,35(1):219-222

This study evaluated the total and differential leukocyte counting and the phagocytic activity in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus experimentally injected with Enterococcus sp. in the swim bladder. Fish were distributed in four treatments in triplicates of non-injected fish, fish injected with 1 ml of sterile saline solution 0.65%, and fish injected with 1 × 10³ and 1 × 10⁶ colony-forming units (CFU) of Enterococcus diluted in 1 ml sterile saline. Twenty-four hours after injection, the fish were anesthetized and the blood collected for white blood cell (WBC) counts, differential counting of WBC, and phagocytic activity of blood leukocytes. The increased numbers of WBC and lymphocytes were followed by decreased number of monocyte after infection. The percentages of phagocytic activities in the blood were 55.3 and 55.9%, respectively, in tilapia injected with 1 × 10³ and 1 × 10⁶ CFU/ml.  相似文献   

Trace metals in the soils of Water Conservation Area of Florida Everglades: Considerations for ecosystem restoration     

Salwinder S. Dhaliwal  Gurpal S. Toor  Ignacio A. Rodriguez-Jorquera  Todd Z. Osborne  Susan Newman 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2018,18(2):342-351

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