Insecticide resistance management: Relationship to integrated pest management     

J. R. Phillips  J. B. Graves  R. G. Luttrell 《Pest management science》1989,27(4):459-464

Insecticide resistance management (IRM) is a component of integrated pest management (IPM) that has the goal of forestalling resistance development to all insecticides. Since the advent of the organochlorine insecticides in the 1940s, an average of about one class of insecticide has been lost every 10 years because of resistance. Effective insecticides are necessary for optimum IPM and are too important and too expensive a resource to be lost so rapidly. By adhering to the principles of IPM and utilizing other IPM components such as biological and cultural control, IRM has the potential of conserving the susceptibility of pests to insecticides. Although initial attempts of IRM appear to be successful, it is imperative that research to undergird IRM be greatly accelerated.  相似文献   

Development and use of a framework for characterising computer models of silvoarable economics     

A. R. Graves  P. J. Burgess  F. Liagre  J.-P. Terreaux  C. Dupraz 《Agroforestry Systems》2006,67(3):301-301

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Distribution of equine and food animal emergency caseload by time of day,day of week,time of year,holiday, and phase of moon at an academic ambulatory and referral hospital     

Meggan T. Graves DVM  Xiaojuan Zhu PhD 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2023,33(6):696-704

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Black walnut extract-induced laminitis in horses is associated with heterogeneous dysfunction of the laminar microvasculature     

Peroni JF  Harrison WE  Moore JN  Graves JE  Lewis SJ  Krunkosky TM  Robertson TP 《Equine veterinary journal》2005,37(6):546-551

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Equine laminitis purportedly involves haemodynamic dysfunction at the level of the laminar vasculature. However, to date, no studies have been performed characterising the function of laminar arteries and veins during the prodromal stages of equine laminitis. HYPOTHESIS: That the prodromal stages of laminitis are associated with contractile dysfunction of the equine laminar vasculature. OBJECTIVE: To assess contractile function of laminar arteries and veins to phenylephrine (PE) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). METHODS: Horses were administered black walnut heartwood extract (BWHE) or water (control horses) via nasogastric intubation. After euthanasia, laminar vessels (100-800 microm internal diameter) were isolated and mounted on small vessel myographs to assess contractile function. RESULTS: Contractile responses to PE or 5-HT were identical in laminar arteries isolated from either control horses or those administered BWHE. In contrast, responses to PE or 5-HT were significantly reduced in laminar veins isolated from BWHE-administered horses when compared with laminar veins isolated from control horses. CONCLUSIONS AND POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: These results are consistent with the prodromal stages of laminitis being associated with selective dysfunction of laminar veins. Further studies are required to discern the precise nature of this dysfunction and its potential relevance to the pathogenesis of acute laminitis in the horse and possible therapeutic targets for treatment.  相似文献   

Coxiella burnetii seroprevalence in unvaccinated veterinary workers in Australia: Evidence to support Q fever vaccination     

Emily Sellens  Katrina L. Bosward  Jacqueline M. Norris  Nicholas Wood  Jane Heller  Stephen Graves  Heather F. Gidding 《Zoonoses and public health》2020,67(1):79-88

Q fever (caused by Coxiella burnetii) is a serious zoonotic disease that occurs almost worldwide. Occupational contact with animals increases the risk of exposure, and Q fever vaccination is recommended for veterinary workers in Australia. This study aimed to investigate C. burnetii seroprevalence among unvaccinated veterinary workers in Australia and determine factors associated with a positive serological result. During 2014 and 2015, convenience sampling at veterinary conferences and workplace vaccination clinics was undertaken. Participants completed a questionnaire and provided a blood sample for C. burnetii serology. Participants were predominantly veterinarians (77%), but veterinary support staff, animal scientists, and administration workers also participated. Blood samples (n = 192) were analysed by an immunofluorescence assay and considered positive where the phase I or phase II IgG titre was ≥1/50. Seroprevalence was 19% (36/192; 95% CI 14%–25%). A positive serological result was significantly associated with (a) working in outer regional/remote areas (odds ratio [OR] 6.2; 95% CI 1.9–20.8; reference = major cities; p = .009) and (b) having spent more than 50% of total career working with ruminants (OR 4.8; 95% CI 1.7–13.5; reference = <15% of career; p = .025). These findings confirm an increased risk of exposure to C. burnetii compared to the general population, providing new evidence to support Q fever vaccination of veterinary workers in Australia.  相似文献   

FERDINAND AUGUSTUS SILCOX 1882-1939     

Graves HS 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1940,91(2351):62-63

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Linking breeding and wintering ranges of a migratory songbird using stable isotopes     

Rubenstein DR  Chamberlain CP  Holmes RT  Ayres MP  Waldbauer JR  Graves GR  Tuross NC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,295(5557):1062-1065

We used the natural abundance of stable isotopes (carbon and hydrogen) in the feathers of a neotropical migrant songbird to determine where birds from particular breeding areas spend the winter and the extent to which breeding populations mix in winter quarters. We show that most birds wintering on western Caribbean islands come from the northern portion of the species' North American breeding range, whereas those on more easterly islands are primarily from southern breeding areas. Although segregated by breeding latitude, birds within local wintering areas derive from a wide range of breeding longitudes, indicating considerable population mixing with respect to breeding longitude. These results are useful for assessing the effects of wintering habitat loss on breeding population abundances and for predicting whether the demographic consequences will be concentrated or diffuse.  相似文献   

Irradiation studies of mallard duck eggs material containing Mirex.     

R H Lane  R M Grodner  J L Graves 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》1976,24(1):192-193

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Belrus: A new russet skin potato variety,combining high quality,pest resistance,and adaptation to the Northeastern United States and Florida     

R. E. Webb  D. R. Wilson  J. A. Frank  J. R. Shumaker  B. Graves  M. R. Henninger 《American Journal of Potato Research》1981,58(2):111-116

BelRus, a new russet potato variety, is medium late in maturity and adapted primarily for the Northeastern United States and northern Florida. Tubers are long, smooth and moderately flat with a heavy russet skin. Eyes are shallow and immediately adjacent skin is, for the most part, nonrussetted in the Northeastern U.S. Industry speaks of the BelRus there as the “white eyed russet.” BelRus is slightly higher in specific gravity than ‘Russet Burbank’, has a superior flavor when baked, and yields excellent french fries and flakes. Glycoalkaloid content of BelRus is quite low, being about 2 mg/100 g fresh tissue. BelRus is immune to virus A and tuber net necrosis; highly resistant to tuber heat necrosis, northern root knot nematode (Meloidogyne hapla), and the pinkeye bacterial disease; moderately resistant to scab, Verticillium wilt, leaf roll and potato virus Y. It is not resistant to either late blight or early blight, or viruses M, S, and X. Necrotic spotting of the foliage occurs following periods of high temperature and extended drought. BelRus has demonstrated high tolerance to bruising and storage rots incurred during harvest and handling. Shrinkage in bulk storage has been minimal. BelRus is recommended to be planted at about 25 cm (10 inches) in-the-row on 90 cm (36) rows with about 215 kg (180–200 lbs/acre), N₂/ha in-the-row.  相似文献   

Genome maps 10. Comparative genomics. Mammalian radiations. Wall chart     

O'Brien SJ  Eisenberg JF  Miyamoto M  Hedges SB  Kumar S  Wilson DE  Menotti-Raymond M  Murphy WJ  Nash WG  Lyons LA  Menninger JC  Stanyon R  Wienberg J  Copeland NG  Jenkins NA  Gellin J  Yerle M  Andersson L  Womack J  Broad T  Postlethwait J  Serov O  Bailey E  James MR  Marshall Graves JA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1999,286(5439):463-478

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