Liver biopsy techniques for adult horses and neonatal foals to assess copper status   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

SG PEARCE  EC FIRTH  ND GRACE  PF FENNESSY 《Australian veterinary journal》1997,75(3):194-198

Objective To evaluate standing, percutaneous, ultrasound-guided, transthoracic liver biopsy in mares, and transabdominal, laparoscopically-guided, liver biopsy under general anaesthesia in foals, as techniques for obtaining tissue for assessment of copper status. The techniques were evaluated with respect to ease of use and effect on the animal.
Procedure Twenty of 24 Thoroughbred mares and 21 of their foals were biopsied. The animals were part of a larger study of the effect of copper supplementation on copper status and the prevalence of developmental orthopaedic disease. Livers were also collected from unrelated horses and sampled to investigate the variability in the distribution of copper in liver tissue.
Result The biopsy technique caused no lasting effect on the mares, but there was an increased risk of viscus penetration associated with taking multiple biopsy cores. The use of ultrasonography to scan the target area for the liver identified four cases that were not appropriate candidates for liver biopsy, because of large intestine being located in the biopsy area. In the foals there were no serious postoperative adverse effects, nor was there any evidence of problems caused by the procedure when the abdomen was examined post-mortem at 5 months of age. In livers collected to investigate the variability of copper concentration, copper appeared to be relatively evenly distributed through the liver.
Conclusion Standing, percutaneous, ultrasound-guided, transthoracic liver biopsy in mares, and transabdominal, laparoscopically-guided, liver biopsy under general anaesthesia in foals are convenient procedures for obtaining liver tissue for assessing copper status in horses. The use of ultrasound to identify liver tissue is recommended, especially in older mares.  相似文献   

Monitoring distances travelled by horses using GPS tracking collars     

BA Hampson  JM Morton  PC Mills  MG Trotter  DW Lamb  CC Pollitt 《Australian veterinary journal》2010,88(5):176-181

Objective The aims of this work were to (1) develop a low-cost equine movement tracking collar based on readily available components, (2) conduct preliminary studies assessing the effects of both paddock size and internal fence design on the movements of domestic horses, with and without foals at foot, and (3) describe distances moved by mares and their foals. Additional monitoring of free-ranging feral horses was conducted to allow preliminary comparisons with the movement of confined domestic horses. Procedures A lightweight global positioning system (GPS) data logger modified from a personal/vehicle tracker and mounted on a collar was used to monitor the movement of domestic horses in a range of paddock sizes and internal fence designs for 6.5-day periods. Results In the paddocks used (0.8–16 ha), groups of domestic horses exhibited a logarithmic response in mean daily distance travelled as a function of increasing paddock size, tending asymptotically towards approximately 7.5 km/day. The distance moved by newborn foals was similar to their dams, with total distance travelled also dependent on paddock size. Without altering available paddock area, paddock design, with the exception of a spiral design, did not significantly affect mean daily distance travelled. Feral horses (17.9 km/day) travelled substantially greater mean daily distances than domestic horses (7.2 km/day in 16-ha paddock), even when allowing for larger paddock size. Conclusions Horses kept in stables or small yards and paddocks are quite sedentary in comparison with their feral relatives. For a given paddock area, most designs did not significantly affect mean daily distance travelled.  相似文献   

Rhodococcus equi-associated osteomyelitis in foals     

EC FIRTH  MR ALLEY†  H HODGE 《Australian veterinary journal》1993,70(8):304-307

Two cases of Rhodococcus equl infection in foals are described, in which osteomyelitis was a feature. Because rhodococcal infection is usually low grade and chronic, and because the signs of early metaphysitis can be subtle, any articular or periarticular swelling in a foal from a farm with a history of rhodococcosis should be strongly suspected to be associated with R equl until proven otherwise.  相似文献   

蛋鸡的一种潜在性病原     

D.J.Hampson  王彩虹  辛沅 《中国畜牧兽医》2002,29(2):39

澳大利亚 Murdoch大学兽医和生物医学部的 D.J.Hampson等从澳大利亚 1只患腹泻的母鸡体中分离出了 1种厌氧性螺旋体 - Serpulina in-termedia,并将其通过嗉囊给 1 0只单独笼养的 1 4周龄母鸡接种 ,给其他 1 0只鸡喂服无菌肉汤作为对照。试验持续 1 6周 ,并对试验鸡的粪水内容物、产蛋量和体重进行了测量。在试验期间 ,从 9只感染鸡的粪便及屠宰时的盲肠中分离出了 Serpuli-na intermedia HB60株。感染鸡表现为体重轻 ,粪便较湿 ,产蛋量及蛋的重量都小于对照组。但并未见明显的病理学变化。由此表明 ,Serpulina intermedia有可能由于导致…  相似文献   

SYSTEMATIC PAPERS PUBLISHED IN THE GERMAN LANGUAGE     

Hampson GF 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1919,49(1260):193

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The global circulation of seasonal influenza A (H3N2) viruses     

Russell CA  Jones TC  Barr IG  Cox NJ  Garten RJ  Gregory V  Gust ID  Hampson AW  Hay AJ  Hurt AC  de Jong JC  Kelso A  Klimov AI  Kageyama T  Komadina N  Lapedes AS  Lin YP  Mosterin A  Obuchi M  Odagiri T  Osterhaus AD  Rimmelzwaan GF  Shaw MW  Skepner E  Stohr K  Tashiro M  Fouchier RA  Smith DJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,320(5874):340-346

Antigenic and genetic analysis of the hemagglutinin of approximately 13,000 human influenza A (H3N2) viruses from six continents during 2002-2007 revealed that there was continuous circulation in east and Southeast Asia (E-SE Asia) via a region-wide network of temporally overlapping epidemics and that epidemics in the temperate regions were seeded from this network each year. Seed strains generally first reached Oceania, North America, and Europe, and later South America. This evidence suggests that once A (H3N2) viruses leave E-SE Asia, they are unlikely to contribute to long-term viral evolution. If the trends observed during this period are an accurate representation of overall patterns of spread, then the antigenic characteristics of A (H3N2) viruses outside E-SE Asia may be forecast each year based on surveillance within E-SE Asia, with consequent improvements to vaccine strain selection.  相似文献   

Alterations in piglet small intestinal structure at weaning   总被引：29，自引：1，他引：28  

D J Hampson 《Research in veterinary science》1986,40(1):32-40

The small intestinal mucosa of 112 piglets aged between 21 and 32 days was examined to identify the effects on its structure of weaning and of consumption of creep food. In unweaned control pigs a gradual increase in crypt depth occurred with age, while villus height altered little. In contrast, weaned pigs showed a highly significant increase in crypt depth and an increase in the complexity of villus morphology with a dramatic reduction in villus height. Crypts elongated most in the distal small intestine, while the loss of villus height was greatest proximally. No inflammatory reaction was seen and the alterations were not influenced by consumption of creep food before weaning. This failed to support the hypothesis that hypersensitivity to dietary antigens is involved in the aetiology of such intestinal changes. The reduction in small intestinal absorptive area and the appearance of a less mature enterocyte population help to explain the increased susceptibility of the pig to diarrhoea and growth checks in the post-weaning period.  相似文献   

Typing of Australian isolates of Treponema hyodysenteriae by serology and by DNA restriction endonuclease analysis.     

B G Combs  D J Hampson  S J Harders 《Veterinary microbiology》1992,31(2-3):273-285

A total of 91 isolates of Treponema hyodysenteriae which were obtained from 62 piggeries located around Australia were typed by serology and by DNA restriction endonuclease analysis (REA). The isolates fell into eight serogroups, of which groups B and D were the most common. Isolates with different REA patterns were recognised within serogroups, whilst a few isolates with the same REA pattern were placed into different serogroups. Some of the latter isolates were either from the same piggery or from farms with epidemiological links, thus indicating the bacteria may have altered their antigenic properties. A total of 31 different REA patterns were recognised amongst the Australian isolates. These comprised eight major patterns, with four of these being subdivided on the basis of minor differences in banding. Where a number of isolates were obtained from individual piggeries these all had the same REA pattern, and in one piggery isolates with the same pattern were recovered over a five year period. Plasmid bands were observed in 70 of the Australian isolates (77%), and in six of the seven overseas isolates included in the study for comparison. These plasmids did not affect the REA pattern. Of the States from which substantial numbers of isolates were examined, the greatest number of different strains (12 amongst 19 piggeries) were found from Victoria, and there were 10 REA patterns in strains from 24 piggeries in Queensland. Despite the large total number of different strains of T. hyodysenteriae in Australia, only three were found in more than one State.  相似文献   

Detection and survival of group A rotavirus in a piggery   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Z F Fu  D J Hampson  D K Blackmore 《The Veterinary record》1989,125(23):576-578

Samples of dust, faeces and effluent were collected from a piggery and examined for group A rotavirus, using a commercial ELISA test, electron microscopy and inoculation of MA-104 cells. Rotavirus antigen was demonstrated in samples collected from farrowing and weaner rooms but not from fattener and sow houses. Rotavirus antigen was also detected in samples collected from a weaner room which had been free of piglets for three months. A cytopathic porcine rotavirus (British isolate SW20/21) was kept at room temperature for four months; it survived with titres reduced by 2 log10. These observations suggest that the environment of commercial piggeries is an important source of rotaviral infection for young piglets.  相似文献   

Pre-weaning supplementary feed and porcine post-weaning diarrhoea     

D J Hampson  Z F Fu  W C Smith 《Research in veterinary science》1988,44(3):309-314

Attempts were made to induce an intestinal hypersensitivity response to weaner diet by feeding pigs with small quantities of this material before weaning. In two trials using different weaner diets piglets subjected to this regimen showed no significant differences in small intestinal structure, in ability to absorb xylose, in bodyweight gain, in incidence of diarrhoea or excretion of enteropathogens after weaning compared with pigs not given any of the diet before weaning, or fed with a different diet before weaning. When post-weaning diarrhoea occurred it was associated with an earlier, more prolonged and greater proliferation of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in the small intestines than occurred in healthy pigs after weaning. The greater proliferation in pigs which developed diarrhoea could not be attributed either to an excessive dietary intake after weaning, or to a specific proliferation of rotaviruses.  相似文献