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A fusion defect of the proximal and middle phalanges of both hindlimbs, osteochondrosis dissecans of the distal interphalangeal joints of the forelimbs, and subluxation of all 4 distal interphalangeal joints occurred in a Standardbred filly. Lameness was the first abnormality noted and was observed at one week of age in the left forelimb and progressed until all 4 limbs were affected by 5 weeks of age. On radiographs of both forelimbs, the distal interphalangeal joints were subluxated with irregularity and lucency of subchondral bone. On radiographs of the distal hindlimbs, there was a subluxation of both distal interphalangeal joints and loss of the proximal interphalangeal joint spaces with fusion of the proximal and middle phalanges. The foal was euthanised. On necropsy, there were focal areas of erosion of articular cartilage in the distal interphalangeal joint of both forelimbs. The proximal and middle phalanges of both hindlimbs were fused. Histopathological examination of the distal interphalangeal joint of the right foreleg showed loss of articular cartilage and degenerative changes in the exposed subchondral bone. 相似文献
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Abstract AIM: To monitor changes in concentrations of lolitrem B and epoxy-janthitrems in the fat of sheep grazing perennial ryegrass infected with wild-type- and AR37-endophyte, respectively, during the time of year when ryegrass staggers would be expected to be observed. METHODS: Ten 5-month-old lambs with no previous exposure to endophytes were grazed on either wild-type (containing lolitrem B, n = 5) or AR37 (containing epoxy-janthitrems, n = 5) endophyte-infected perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) pastures between October 2008 and June 2009. Animals were regularly assessed for ryegrass staggers using the Keogh scale (0 = no signs, 5 = severe tremors). When a score of > 3.5 was observed animals were removed from the treatment pastures for 1 month. Fat biopsy samples were taken from each animal at approximately monthly intervals and analysed for endophyte metabolites using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods developed during this study. Regular herbage samples were also taken and concentrations of endophyte metabolites measured. RESULTS: Efficient and reproducible methods to analyse both lolitrem B and epoxy-janthitrems in fat were developed. Concentrations of lolitrem B and epoxy-janthitrems in herbage and in sheep fat increased from late November to peak in mid-February. Ryegrass staggers was observed in both groups of sheep at this time. Following 1 month of grazing non-infected pasture mean concentrations in fat of lolitrem B decreased by 43% from 61.8 to 35.3 ppb, and of epoxy-janthitrems by 38% from 1032.0 to 639.5 ppb. Maximum concentrations in herbage of epoxy-janthitrems (35.7 ppm) were higher than of lolitrem B (3.4 ppm), but signs of staggers were less severe in sheep grazing pasture containing the former compared with the latter (median Keogh scores in late February were 2 and 3, respectively), consistent with epoxy-janthitrems being low potency toxins. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that concentrations of epoxy-janthitrems and lolitrem B in sheep fat increased quickly during the initial phase of the study when concentrations in pasture increased, and decreased when animals were removed from pastures containing these compounds. These data will be used in the risk assessment of the endophyte metabolites. 相似文献
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海南玄武岩砖红壤香蕉园的连作生物障碍严重,轮作是缓解香蕉园连作生物障碍最有效的方式之一。本研究使用主成分分析法结合实测数据,根据不同土壤指标的敏感程度以及指标间的相关度筛选出的土壤pH、速效钾、有效磷、碱解氮、有机质、细菌总数、真菌总数、放线菌总数、线虫数、香蕉枯萎病病原菌数量10项指标对5种轮作模式下的香蕉园土壤质量进行综合评价。结果表明:土壤质量综合评价指数可以较好地反映土壤实际的质量,并能够在一定程度上反映香蕉的产量及发病状况,是较为理想的土壤评价指标;用所得到的综合评价指数对5种轮作模式及香蕉连作进行对比可以发现轮作能有效地提高土壤质量,降低香蕉发病率,提高香蕉产量,其中菠萝、甘蔗、辣椒、冬瓜4种作物相对适合香蕉的轮作。 相似文献
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镉对菠菜生长影响的基因型差异研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
[目的]研究菠菜对镉的吸收累积基因型差异及镉对菠菜生长的影响,为培育食用部位低镉积累的菠菜品种提供参考。[方法]选取16个品种,采用珍珠岩和蛭石混合培养法种植在镉含量为10mg／L的环境中,研究了镉吸收和积累对菠莱生长及新陈代谢的影响。[结果]结果表明,营养液中镉含量为10mg／L时,可以显著降低菠菜根部和地上部的干重、鲜重和总生物学产量,降低菠菜中叶绿素含量。经镉处理后,菠菜地上部镉含量为129．69～290．15μg／gDW,根部中镉含量为87．26～1487．67μg／gDW。地上部及根部镉含量和镉积累量基因型间存在显著差异。[结论]镉主要累积在菠菜的根部。 相似文献
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At high pressure the alkali metals potassium, rubidium, and cesium transform to metals that have a d1 electron configuration, becoming transition metal-like. As a result, compounds were shown to form between potassium and the transition metal nickel. These results demonstrate that the chemical behavior of the alkali metals under pressure is very different from that under ambient conditions, where alkali metals and transition metals do not react because of large differences in size and electronic structure. They also have significant implications for the hypothesis that potassium is incorporated into Earth's core. 相似文献
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