射频识别技术在畜禽养殖中的应用与展望     

廖超  程金花  任守文  李碧侠  付言峰  王学敏  徐小波 《猪业科学》2021,38(11):92-95

随着畜禽规模养殖的发展,高度集约化养殖模式将影响畜禽的健康状况、疫病防控和福利水平。一种无接触、无应激的射频识别（Radio Frequency Identifi cation,RFID）技术应运而生,该技术可以在无损状态下采集畜禽的行为、生理生化和养殖环境指标,从而为评估集约化养殖的效果和影响提供基础数据。文章讨论了三种常见类型的RFID系统在畜禽养殖中的应用,系统地比较了各类系统的优缺点及适宜应用场景,进一步提出RFID在畜禽养殖中的未来应用方向,以期为深化畜禽信息采集的研究提供参考。  相似文献   

灰铸铁生产技术的一些新进展     

刘伟明  任凤章  李锋军 《拖拉机与农用运输车》2005,(6):1-4

对灰铸铁的研究现状和生产中的一些新技术做了评述。重点介绍了高强度薄壁灰铸铁的生产现状以及先进的制造工艺和先进的制造手段在灰铸铁生产中应用所取得的技术成果。  相似文献   

Effects of a Dual‐Frequency Frequency‐Sweeping Ultrasound Treatment on the Properties and Structure of the Zein Protein     

Xiaofeng Ren  Xun Wei  Haile Ma  Huiji Zhou  Jingjing Guo  Shuyun Mao  An Hu 《Cereal Chemistry》2015,92(2):193-197

We investigated the effects of a dual‐frequency frequency‐sweeping ultrasound (DFFSU) treatment on the functional properties and structure of zein. The solubility of ultrasound‐treated zein proteins increased slightly but significantly as the treatment time increased. The results showed that the DFFSU treatment had an obvious influence on the mean particle size and the size distribution. A significant (P < 0.05) increase in the size of the particles with respect to time was observed after a sonication time of more than 20 min in zein solutions. Differential scanning calorimetry results showed that sonication alters the thermal behavior of zein. Circular dichroism spectra showed a small increase in the percentage of ordered structure elements within the protein molecule. After 60 min of ultrasonication, the percentage of α‐helix structures increased by 0.9%, whereas the percentage of β‐sheets and β‐turns decreased by 0.5%. Microstructural analyses by scanning electron microscopy showed that several microholes appeared in the zein following ultrasonic pretreatment. Under the conditions investigated in this study, DFFSU treatment was found to affect the studied functional properties of the zein protein. This technology could be used to obtain improved functional properties in some protein samples.  相似文献   

Effects of Vacuum Mixing,Water Addition,and Mixing Time on the Quality of Fresh Chinese White Noodles and the Optimization of the Mixing Process     

Rui Liu  Yimin Wei  Xiaolong Ren  Yanan Xing  Yingquan Zhang  Bo Zhang 《Cereal Chemistry》2015,92(5):427-433

In this study, the effects of mixing process parameters (degree of vacuum, water addition, and mixing time under vacuum) on the cooking and sensory quality properties of Chinese white noodles were investigated by using one commercial‐scale noodle production line and one typical commercial wheat flour. Noodle appearance, firmness, elasticity, smoothness, and total quality scores were significantly improved as the degree of vacuum increased from 0 to 0.06 MPa, although lower sensory scores and larger cooking losses occurred when noodles were mixed at 0.08 MPa. Noodles with a water addition of 35% had the highest total score and the highest scores for each sensory factor. As mixing time increased, the sensory score of cooked noodles increased initially and then decreased. With a mixing time of 7 min, the sensory score was the highest and cooking loss was the lowest. The results of response surface methodology indicated that fresh noodle quality was most affected by the water addition, followed by vacuum degree. Added water was a more important source of variation for appearance, firmness, stickiness, smoothness, total score, and cooking loss than degree of vacuum and mixing time, whereas degree of vacuum was the predominant source of variation for color and elasticity. The interactions between the factors had little effect on sensory and cooking properties. The optimal mixing conditions were determined to be as follows: degree of vacuum, 0.06 MPa; added water, 35.6%; and mixing time, 7.25 min. Furthermore, vacuum mixing produced a more even, coherent, and closed microstructure for the sheeted dough than nonvacuum mixing.  相似文献   

基于高斯自适应拟合的苹果目标分割方法研究     

张润浩  李军  任静  宋怀波 《农机化研究》2015,(6):13-17

苹果目标的准确识别是苹果机械化采摘需要解决的关键问题之一。为此,基于YUV颜色空间模型,提出了一种结合色差分量与高斯自适应拟合算法的苹果目标分割方法。该方法采用首先将苹果目标由RGB颜色空间转换至YUV颜色空间,并利用色差分量V建立果实与背景分割的高斯分布拟合模型,根据拟合结果自动获取分割阈值,以实现自然场景下苹果目标的准确分割。为了验证文中算法的有效性,利用多幅图像进行了试验并与Otsu自适应阈值分割算法进行了比较。试验结果表明,采用文中算法得到的苹果果实的平均检出率达87.08%,识别率领先Otsu算法9.91%。因此,对于着色度较为均匀的苹果目标,采用高斯自适应拟合方法可以有效提高其识别率。  相似文献   

液压升降折叠宽幅喷杆喷架的结构设计     

许超  陈永成  李瑞敏 《农机化研究》2015,(8):96-99

针对目前植保机械中所使用的喷杆喷架稳定性差、折叠伸展需要人工辅助等问题,设计出了一种液压升降折叠宽幅喷杆喷架。对喷杆喷架的升降装置、90°液压油缸折叠机构、180°液压油缸折叠机构和整体宽幅喷架进行了理论分析和结构设计,并建立了关键部件的三维模型。通过田间试验验证了该装置设计方案的合理性,为研发先进适用、具有自主知识产权的液压升降折叠宽幅喷杆喷架奠定了基础。  相似文献   

卷盘式喷灌机卷盘驱动负载计算与分析     

顾哲  汤跃  汤玲迪  陈超 《农机化研究》2015,(8):70-73

为优化卷盘式喷灌机驱动结构,研制高效卷盘喷灌机驱动器,需要对卷盘式喷灌机的卷盘负载情况进行计算和分析。为此,以软管牵引式卷盘喷灌机为对象,建立了卷盘负载转矩计算的物理模型,理论推导了在运行时的卷盘负载转矩数学计算模型。以JP50和JP75型卷盘式喷灌机为例,按推导所得数学模型进行计算,得到了运行时卷盘负载转矩随已回卷PE管长度的变化规律和估计值。计算结果表明:JP50型卷盘式喷灌机运行时最大负载转矩约为960N·m,JP75型为6 001N·m;卷盘负载转矩随已回卷长度的增加而减小,且当卷盘回卷半径变化时,负载转矩将突然变大;负载转矩的大小和变化规律只与喷灌机的参数和运行条件有关,与运行时的速度无关。  相似文献   

拖拉机自动转向系统设计及仿真   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

谢明  马蓉  任玲  石翔  张长龙 《农机化研究》2015,(11):108-112

以TN654拖拉机为平台,基于原车液压转向系统,设计一套比例方向电磁阀组和电控单元(ECU),构建了能响应程序控制的自动转向系统。通过建立阀控缸动力系统数学模型,利用Mat Lab对该系统PD控制性能进行仿真分析。仿真结果显示:系统最大迟滞0.24、1.8s内均能达到平衡点,表明系统具有良好的控制精度和响应性,符合拖拉机自动驾驶作业需求。  相似文献   

玉米播种机排种监测的试验研究与设计     

刘坤  衣淑娟  赵斌  马秀莲  任守华 《农机化研究》2015,(12):30-32,48

在对目前玉米播种机排种监测方法的研究基础上,设计了一套新的玉米播种机排种监测的试验方法:将4对光电传感器并排安装在导种管内壁以监测空或堵的情况并进行报警;同时,利用安装在排种盘的中心轴上的空心转速编码器,测出排种盘转速连同试验所得的空穴率,从而得出玉米排种量。试验结果表明:该方案模拟实际空或堵的报警率达100%,排种量检测平均精度98.37%,各项性能指标均达到了实际要求。  相似文献   

基于FEM-SPH耦合算法的土壤切削仿真研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

朱超  朱留宪  黄成 《农机化研究》2015,(9):54-58

建立了旋耕刀和土壤的FEM-SPH耦合仿真模型,基于FEM-SPH耦合算法,采用MAT147土壤材料和国家标准Ⅲ型旋耕刀,结合LS-DYNA971求解器,对土壤切削仿真进行了研究。对旋耕刀切削土壤的耕作过程进行了数值仿真模拟分析,得到了切削力和切土能耗随时间的变化曲线;计算出旋耕刀单刀切土扭矩为8.75N·m,与试验结果接近。通过正交试验分析,耕作深度为主导因子,对切土功率影响较大,调整耕作深度可有效降低土壤切削的功耗,提高耕作效率。研究表明:FEM-SPH耦合算法可有效应用于土壤切削仿真,可为研究土壤的破碎机理和耕作器具的优化设计提供理论依据。  相似文献