Seroprevalence of Coxiella burnetii infections among cats in different living environments     

Komiya T  Sadamasu K  Kang MI  Tsuboshima S  Fukushi H  Hirai K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(9):1047-1048

The seroprevalence of Coxiella burnetii infection among pet cats in Japan and Korea and stray cats in Japan was investigated by an indirect fluorescent antibody technique and PCR test. Forty-four (14.2%) of 310 pet cats in Japan were seropositive, as were 15 (41.7%) of 36 stray cats in Japan and 10 (8.6%) of 116 pet cats in Korea. The antibody positive rate in stray cats was significantly higher than that in pet cats, but there was no correlation between the rates in Japanese and Korean pet cats. In this study, the prevalence of C. burnetii infection among cats in different living environments was found and it is difficult to deny that stray cats would be one of the important sources of infection for human Q fever.  相似文献   

Use of every ten-day criteria for metabolic profile test after calving and dry off in dairy herds     

Kida K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(11):1003-1010

The traditional metabolic profile test cannot be applied to peripartum dairy cows, because these cows are in a state of physiological abnormality making it difficult to interpret their blood components. This study aimed at establishing and evaluating the practicability of interpreting a metabolic profile test every 10 days (Ten-day criteria) during the dry and lactation periods in herds with high and no incidence of peripartum diseases. Data from 29,043 cows in 1,130 commercial dairy herds were used to establish standard values every 10 days, mean +/- 1.0 standard deviation for the metabolic profile test. The practicability of these criteria was evaluated in herds with peripartum diseases. In the ten-day criteria, the body condition score, albumin, blood urea nitrogen, glucose, total cholesterol, nonesterified fatty acids, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and aspartate aminotransferase, fluctuated during the dry and early lactation periods and there were very big changes in packed cell volume, blood urea nitrogen, total cholesterol and magnesium just after calving. The ten-day criteria were able to detect overconditioned cows, low levels of albumin, total cholesterol and magnesium, and high nonesterified fatty acids in herds with a high incidence of peripartum diseases. In conclusion, the ten-day criteria can be successfully applied to peripartum cows, and is recommended because it is able to detect metabolic abnormalities not only in the herd, but also in individual cows.  相似文献   

The effects of protein sources supplemented with urea-treated potato pulp (PP) silage and feeding levels of the PP silage-based concentrate on feed intake, digestibility and ruminal fermentation in beef steers     

Masahito SUGIMOTO  Masayo KANAMOTO  Takuya CHIBA  Hisashi HIDARI  Katsuya KIDA  Waka SAITO  Motoki OOI  Yukinobu SATO  Toshiro SAITO 《Animal Science Journal》2008,79(4):443-452

Six Japanese Black (Wagyu) steers (average initial weight 467 ± 45 kg) fitted with a ruminal cannula were used in a split‐plot design experiment comprising a 3 × 3 Latin square design (whole‐plot) and a randomized block design (subplot). The whole‐plot treatments were three different feeding levels of urea‐treated potato pulp (PP) silage‐based concentrate: 1.00%, 1.75% and 2.50% of body weight (BW) (on a dry matter (DM) basis). The subplot treatments consisted of the concentrate formulated to contain either soybean meal (SBM) as a rapidly rumen‐degraded protein source or corn gluten meal (CGM) as a slowly degraded protein source. Dry matter intake tended to be lower (P = 0.071) for CGM (8.9 kg/day) than for SBM (9.4 kg/day). Protein sources had no significant effect on digestibility and in situ degradation. Ruminal ammonia nitrogen (NH₃‐N) was lower (P = 0.033) for CGM (7.5 mg/dL) than for SBM (9.5 mg/dL). Protein sources did not affect ruminal pH and the total volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentrations. The molar proportions of ruminal acetate and valerate were higher (P = 0.032) for CGM than for SBM. The maximum daily intake of the PP silage‐based concentrate expressed as a percentage of BW was approximately 1.4% of BW. Dry matter intake was higher (P = 0.046) for steers fed at 1.0% of BW of the PP silage‐based concentrate than for steers fed at 1.75% or 2.5% of BW of the concentrate. The feeding levels of the PP silage‐based concentrate had no effect on DM and nutrients digestibility, except for crude protein (CP) digestibility. CP digestibility tended to be lower (P = 0.071) for steers fed at 1.75% of BW of the PP silage‐based concentrate than for steers fed at 1.0% or 2.5% of BW of the concentrate. The feeding levels of the PP silage‐based concentrate also did not affect the in situ degradation parameter of hay and PP silage. The feeding levels of the PP silage‐based concentrate did not affect ruminal pH, NH₃‐N and total VFA concentrations. The molar proportion of acetate was highest for steers fed at 1.0% of BW of the concentrate. In conclusion, in the urea‐treated PP silage‐based concentrate, CGM seems to be more effective than SBM for stabilizing the ruminal NH₃‐N concentration and to be advantageous for fiber digestion in the rumen. The feeding levels of the PP silage‐based concentrate did not change the amount of VFA production in the rumen and the DM digestibility.  相似文献   

Changes in plasma metabolic hormone concentrations during the ovarian cycles of Japanese black and holstein cattle     

Kawashima C  Kida K  Hayashi KG  Amaya Montoya C  Kaneko E  Matsunaga N  Shimizu T  Matsui M  Miyake Y  Schams D  Miyamoto A 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2007,53(2):247-254

The aim of the present study was to investigate the changing profiles of plasma metabolic hormones during the ovarian cycles of beef and dairy cattle. We used 16 non-pregnant, non-lactating Japanese Black beef cattle (6 heifers and 10 cows; parity=2.3 +/- 0.8) and 12 multiparous Holstein dairy cows (parity=3.0 +/- 0.3). Blood samples for hormonal analysis (growth hormone, GH; insulin-like growth factor-I, IGF-1; insulin; and progesterone, P4) were obtained twice weekly for 40 days before artificial insemination for Japanese Black cattle and from 50 to 100 days postpartum for Holstein cows. Luteal phases were considered normal if the P4 concentrations for at least 3 time points over the course of 7 days remained above 1 ng/ml and at least 2 of the time points were above 2 ng/ml. The patterns of the ovarian cycles were classified into two types (normal or abnormal, such as having prolonged luteal phase and cessation of cyclicity) on the basis of the plasma P4 profiles. The plasma concentrations of IGF-1 in both breeds increased transiently during the preovulatory period when the P4 levels were low and decreased to lower levels during the luteal phase when the P4 levels were high. The plasma concentrations of insulin in the 3(rd) week of normal ovarian cycles when the plasma P4 concentration dropped to less than 1 ng/ml were higher than those at other time points in the Japanese Black cattle, but not in the Holstein cows. The plasma concentrations of GH did not change during the ovarian cycle in either breed. In conclusion, the present study indicates that the plasma IGF-1 concentration increases during the follicular phase (low P4 levels) and decreases during the luteal phase (high P4 levels) in non-lactating Japanese Black and lactating Holstein cattle. The results suggest that ovarian steroids, rather than nutrient status, may be related to the cyclic changes in IGF-1 secretion from the liver in cattle.  相似文献   

Improved multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to detect and identify five tospovirus species simultaneously     

Katsuya Kuwabara  Naoto Yokoi  Takehiro Ohki  Shinya Tsuda 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2010,76(4):273-277

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Detection and quantification of onion isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae in onion plant     

Kazunori Sasaki  Katsuya Nakahara  Masayoshi Shigyo  Shuhei Tanaka  Shin-ichi Ito 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2015,81(3):232-236

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The effect of temperature on survival of pathogenic bacteria in biogas plants     

Masahiro IWASAKI  Takaki YAMASHIRO  Nilmini BENERAGAMA  Takehiro NISHIDA  Katsuya KIDA  Ikko IHARA  June‐ichi TAKAHASHI  Kazutaka UMETSU 《Animal Science Journal》2011,82(5):707-712

The paper deals with the hygienic advantages of sanitation to treat dairy manure in full‐scale biogas plants. The slurry samples were collected from two thermophilic biogas plants (55°C) and two mesophilic biogas plants (38°C) in Hokkaido Japan. A detectable number of Coli‐aerogenes group and Enterococcus in the slurries after anaerobic digestion (AD) could not be found in either thermophilic biogas plants. However, in both mesophilic biogas plants the viable numbers of Coli‐aerogenes group and Enterococcus were detected in the slurries even after anaerobic digestion. The mean decimation reduction time (T₉₀) values of the Coli‐aerogenes group and Enterococcus in the slurries during mesophilic digestion were 13.3 days and 16.7 days, respectively.  相似文献   

Prevalence and Dynamics of Antibodies against NcSAG1 and NcGRA7 Antigens of Neospora caninum in Cattle during the Gestation Period     

Yasuhiro TAKASHIMA  Masaki TAKASU  Isao YANAGIMOTO  Naoki HATTORI  Tatiana BATANOVA  Yoshifumi NISHIKAWA  Katsuya KITOH 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2013,75(11):1413-1418

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Growth and canopy structure of rice plants grown under field conditions as affected by Si application     

Ho Ando  Ken-ichi Kakuda  Hiroshi Fujii  Katsuya Suzuki  Tatsuya Ajiki 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(3):429-432

Abstract

The ontogenetic changes of N, P, and K contents in leaves of rice, maize, soybean, adzuki bean, potato, and sugar beet were studied as the following results were obtained.

1. N content of rice and maize drastically changed at the primordia formation stage, while that of other crops did not show clear changes depending on the stage of growth.

2. P content of rice and maize was higher in upper leaves than lower leaves, but did not change appreciably in other crops.

3. K content of potato and sugar beet remained constant for a long period of time compared to other crops.

4. P-N relationship in rice and maize distinctly differed between upper and lower leaves; ratio of P content to N content of upper leaves was higher than that of lower leaves.

5. K-N relationship in potato and sugar beet was very different from that in other crops; K content remained constant regardless of the decrease in N content except for the lower leaves.

Thus, as the P-N balance of rice and maize (Gramineae crops) and K-N balance of potato and sugar beet (root crops) showed distinctive characteristics compared to other crops, the physiological significance of the mineral balance must be further investigated.  相似文献   

Phenobarbital induction of permethrin detoxification and phenobarbital metabolism in susceptible and resistant strains of the beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua (Hübner)     

Katsuya Natsuhara  Kei Shimada  Toshiharu Tanaka  Tadashi Miyata 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2004,79(2):33-41

The permethrin resistant strain (TR-strain) of the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner), has 92.5-fold resistance to permethrin (at LD₅₀ level) compared to the permethrin susceptible strain (TS-strain). Bioassay involving permethrin mixed with piperonyl butoxide, an inhibitor of microsomal cytochrome P450s, significantly reduced the resistance ratio from 92.5- to 7.9-fold. However, S,S,S-tributylphosphorotrithioate and diethylmaleate which are inhibitors of esterases and glutathione S-transferase, respectively, did not affect the resistance level. These results indicate that the detoxification of permethrin in the TR-strain was primarily due to the cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. LD₅₀ for permethrin was increased to 4.5-fold by the pre-treatment of phenobarbital in the TS-strain. The effect of induction by phenobarbital was almost completely overcome by the piperonyl butoxide treatment. However, it was observed that phenobarbital treatment did not cause any change in the toxicity of permethrin to TR strain. Since this result deviated from the expectation that the metabolism of phenobarbital in the TR-strain should be greater than that in the TS-strain, it was deemed necessary to compare the metabolism of phenobarbital between the TS- and TR-strains. Comparison was made based on the concentration of phenobarbital in the hemolymph and whole body. The results showed no significant difference in phenobarbital treatment between the two strains used in this study suggesting the possibility that the induction system in TS-strain is different from the TR-strain.  相似文献