Genetic association between GHSR1a 5′UTR‐microsatellite and nt‐7(C>A) loci and growth and carcass traits in Japanese Black cattle     

Masahiro SATOH  Yoshiyuki MIYAZAKI  Hideaki TAKAHASHI  Kazuhiro SHIMIZU  Aduli E. O. MALAU‐ADULI  Mitsuo MORITA 《Animal Science Journal》2011,82(3):396-405

We carried out a genetic association study between five nucleotide polymorphisms (5′UTR microsatellite ((TG)_n), nt‐7(C>A), L24V, DelR242 and Intron 1 microsatellite) of the GHSR1a gene and growth and carcass traits in 1285 steers sired by 117 Japanese Black bulls in a progeny testing program. We report herein, a significant association between the 5′UTR microsatellite and nt‐7(C>A) loci and growth and carcass traits. We also propose a translational hypothesis that the association is due to differences in the secondary structure of GHSR1b mRNA (the non‐spliced type with the 5′UTR microsatellite) among the GHSR1a gene haplotypes. Furthermore, we predicted the potential increase in profitability due to increased carcass weight in cow‐calf fattening enterprises through planned matings based on DNA testing of the 5′UTR microsatellite. Statistical analysis revealed that the 5′UTR microsatellite locus had a significant additive effect on carcass weight (CW) and average daily gain (ADG), but not on beef marbling score (BMS). One of the four major microsatellite alleles (19‐TG allele) with an allele frequency of 0.145, had a significantly (P < 0.0007) desirable effect on CW and ADG. We concluded that the 19‐TG allele could potentially be economically useful nucleotide markers for growth and carcass traits in Japanese Black cattle.  相似文献   

Evaluation of changes in the taste of cooked meat products during curing using an artificial taste sensor     

Kazumasa Nodake  Masahiro Numata  Kiichi Kosai  Yun‐Jung Kim  Tadayuki Nishiumi 《Animal Science Journal》2013,84(8):613-621

The purpose of this study was to assess an evaluation method using an artificial taste sensor, in comparison with chemical analysis and sensory evaluation of the taste of meat during curing. Samples of Canadian pork were treated with salt, nitrite and phosphate. Curing time ranged from 0 to 168 h. In the sensory evaluation, there were no significant differences in the all characteristic items at 72‐h cured sample compared to the 0‐h sample. Some of the characteristic items for the 168‐h sample (umami, overall taste, richness and overall palatability) showed significant difference (P < 0.05) compared to the 0‐h sample. Taste sensor analysis indicated that the sensor outputs of bitterness and saltiness were significantly correlated with curing time (R = 0.98 and 0.97, respectively), and total free amino acids (R = 0.91 and 0.96, respectively). The sensor output of bitterness was significantly correlated (R = 0.96) with the sum of amino acids corresponding to bitter taste. The increase in the chemical components contributing to bitterness and/or saltiness was indicated as the cause of the characteristic taste. Taste sensor analysis may be applicable as a qualitative method for evaluating taste characteristics generated during the curing of manufactured cooked meat products.  相似文献   

LC-MS/MS Analysis of Canine Lipoproteins Fractionated Using the Ultracentrifugation-Precipitation Method     

Asuka SUTO  Masahiro YAMASAKI  Yukari TAKASAKI  Yasuyuki FUJITA  Riichiro ABE  Hiroshi SHIMIZU  Hiroshi OHTA  Mitsuyoshi TAKIGUCHI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2013,75(11):1471-1477

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Seasonal change in distribution of Conger eel Conger myriaster off the Pacific coast south of Tohoku, north-eastern Japan     

Satoshi  KATAYAMA  Toshinori  ISHIDA  Yugo  SHIMIZU  Akibumi  YAMANOBE 《Fisheries Science》2004,70(1):1-6

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Effect of Erabu sea snake Laticauda semifasciata oil intake on maze-learning ability in mice     

Nobuya  SHIRAI  Hiramitsu  SUZUKI  Reiko  SHIMIZU 《Fisheries Science》2004,70(2):314-318

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Construction of a BAC library for the red sea bream Pagrus major     

TAKAYUKI KATAGIRI  SONOMI MINAGAWA  IKUO HIRONO  KEITARO KATO  MASATO MIYATA  SYUICHI ASAKAWA  NOBUYOSHI SHIMIZU  TAKASHI AOKI 《Fisheries Science》2002,68(4):942-944

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Collection of expressed genes from the transition zone of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Cryptomeria japonica</Emphasis> in the dormant season     

Kazumasa Yoshida  Norihiro Futamura  Mitsuru Nishiguchi 《Journal of Wood Science》2012,58(2):89-103

Heartwood affects the utility of wood because it differs in some properties compared to sapwood. To regulate heartwood formation, its mechanism must be elucidated. However, the molecular basis underlying heartwood formation remains largely unknown. To obtain clues to understand the mechanism at a molecular level, we collected expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from the transition zone (TZ) of Cryptomeria japonica D. Don in November, in which heartwood formation is considered to proceed. A total of 1029 ESTs were assembled into 744 unique sequences (103 clusters and 641 singletons). Putative functions were assigned to 291 nuclear-encoded sequences, and they were grouped into 21 categories according to the eukaryotic orthologous groups functional classification. We selected 20 genes for enzymes or proteins, then examined their expression patterns among different organs. The expression levels of nine genes were higher in November than in June in the TZ. The genes encode two enzymes in glycolysis, invertase, methionine adenosyltransferase, glutathione transferase, the lipid transfer protein, Bet v 1 allergen, the dehydrin and the function-unknown protein. This study has provided the first large-scale EST information from the TZ of conifers, which will be useful for understanding the physiological processes in the TZ at a molecular level.  相似文献   

Suppression of conidial germination and appressorial formation by silicate treatment in powdery mildew of strawberry     

Takeshi Kanto  Kazumasa Maekawa  Masataka Aino 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2007,73(1):1-7

The mode of action of soluble silicon against strawberry powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca aphanis var. aphanis) was investigated in four experiments. First, silicon-treated leaves from plants grown with silicate (Si+) and control leaves were excised, inoculated with conidia, and subsequent germination and formation of appressoria in a petri dish was assessed after 24 h. The germination rate was 49.7% on Si+ leaves, and was 67.2% on control leaves (t-test, P < 0.01). Second, we soaked cellulose membranes in various solvents and then placed the membranes on 4% water agar, dusted the membranes with conidia, and examined after 12 h. No difference was apparent between any treatment and the control (distilled water). Third, strawberries growing hydroponically with additional silicon in the medium were inoculated with conidia, and leaves were observed with a scanning electron microscope 1–2 days after inoculation. Germ tubes and secondary hyphae were shorter and had fewer branches on Si+ leaves than on the control. Moreover, penetration appeared to be inhibited. Fourth, the cuticle was separated from leaves from plants grown as in the third experiment, placed on water agar, and dusted with conidia. Germination of conidia, observed with a light microscope, on Si+ leaves was suppressed markedly to 40%–60% of that of the control. These results suggested that soluble silicon induced physiological changes in the cuticle layer after absorption by the plant. In addition, soluble silicate reduced germination of conidia, formation of appressoria, and possibly the penetration of powdery mildew.  相似文献   

Polyoxin Resistance of Reddish Brown Laboratory Mutants of Cochliobolus heterostrophus     

Chihiro TANAKA  Kiminori SHIMIZU  Abdul GAFUR  Mitsuya TSUDA 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2002,68(2):141-146

Six reddish brown polyxin-resistant mutants of Cochliobolus heterostrophus were isolated after ethyl methanesul-phonate and N-nitroquinoline oxide mutageneses followed by selection on polyoxin. All the mutants were highly resistant to polyoxin (MIC > 1600 μg/ml). When mutants were crossed with the wild-type strain, all crosses had a 1 : 1 ratio of mutant (reddish brown pigmentation and polyoxin resistance) : wild type (non-reddish brown pigmentation and polyoxin sensitivity), indicating that the phenotypes in these strains were due to alteration at a single gene locus in each strain. Allelism tests revealed the existence of two loci, Pol2 and Pol5. The results of the crossing and mutation-rate studies suggest that the each gene was pleiotropic for the reddish brown color and polyoxin resistance. Received 19 September 2001/ Accepted in revised form 25 December 2001  相似文献   

Food habits of introduced brown trout and native masu salmon are influenced by seasonal and locational prey availability     

Koh Hasegawa  Chitose Yamazaki  Tamihisa Ohta  Kazumasa Ohkuma 《Fisheries Science》2012,78(6):1163-1171

A knowledge of food habits is important for evaluating interspecific competition and predation between sympatric species. Data on food availability should be combined with data on food habits in this type of survey. Although food availability differs between habitats or seasons, these differences had never been considered in previous studies. We conducted year-round field surveys throughout a stream to compare the food habits of an introduced salmonid, brown trout Salmo trutta, and a native salmonid, masu salmon Oncorhynchus masou. Masu salmon did not constitute a large proportion of the diet of brown trout and vice versa. Thus, predation will likely not affect the population level of either species. The dietary overlap between brown trout and masu salmon varied depending on the presence of Gammaridae and terrestrial invertebrates; i.e., the intensity of interspecific competition for food resources may differ according to food conditions.  相似文献