Electroencephalographic Power Spectrum Analysis as a Monitor of Anesthetic Depth in Horses     

KLAUS OTTO DR.  MED. VET. CHARLES E. SHORT DVM  MS  Dipiomate ACVA 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1991,20(5):362-371

Electroencephalographic (EEG) power spectrum analysis was performed in 18 conscious, adult horses for evaluation as control values for EEG data obtained during anesthesia. Computer-processed total amplitudes for the frequency range 0 to 32 Hz were mainly between 400 and 600 microV, with 80% spectral edge frequency between 16.6 and 32.5 Hz. The highest electrical activity was in the delta band (41.3 +/- 4.4% of total amplitude); there was a less pronounced activity in the beta (34.2 +/- 5.2%), theta (13.6 +/- 1.5%), and alpha (10.0 +/- 1.0%) bands. The applicability of EEG power spectrum analysis as a guide to depth of anesthesia was evaluated in four horses by comparing simultaneously recorded EEG data and clinical signs of anesthesia. Global changes in cerebrocortical electrical activity were detected with a single, monopolar (left frontoatlanto-occipital) EEG lead. Increasing depth of halothane anesthesia was accompanied by a pronounced shift in EEG activity from beta to theta and delta frequency bands, a decrease in 80% spectral edge frequency from 21.5 +/- 2.4 Hz to 12.6 +/- 2.2 Hz, a reduction in the beta/delta ratio of fractional amplitudes from 2.37 +/- 0.84 to 0.49 +/- 0.04, and a slight inconsistent increase in total amplitude from 96.1 +/- 37.3 microV to 185.5 +/- 53 microV. These results show that changes in the clinical signs of anesthetic depth in horses can be described numerically by use of EEG power spectrum analysis.  相似文献   

Ultrasonic shear wave velocities of MgSiO3 perovskite at 8 GPa and 800 K and lower mantle composition   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

YD Sinelnikov  G Chen  DR Neuville  MT Vaughan  RC Liebermann 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,281(5377):677-679

Ultrasonic interferometric measurements of the shear elastic properties of MgSiO3 perovskite were conducted on three polycrystalline specimens at conditions up to pressures of 8 gigapascals and temperatures of 800 kelvin. The acoustic measurements produced the pressure (P) and temperature (T) derivatives of the shear modulus (G), namely ( partial differentialG/ partial differentialP)T = 1.8 +/- 0.4 and ( partial differentialG/ partial differentialT)P = -2.9 +/- 0.3 x 10(-2) gigapascals per kelvin. Combining these derivatives with the derivatives that were measured for the bulk modulus and thermal expansion of MgSiO3 perovskite provided data that suggest lower mantle compositions between pyrolite and C1 carbonaceous chondrite and a lower mantle potential temperature of 1500 +/- 200 kelvin.  相似文献   

Mantle seismic structure beneath the MELT region of the east pacific rise from P and S wave tomography     

DR Toomey  WSD Wilcock  SC Solomon  WC Hammond  JA Orcutt 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,280(5367):1224-1227

Relative travel time delays of teleseismic P and S waves, recorded during the Mantle Electromagnetic and Tomography (MELT) Experiment, have been inverted tomographically for upper-mantle structure beneath the southern East Pacific Rise. A broad zone of low seismic velocities extends beneath the rise to depths of about 200 kilometers and is centered to the west of the spreading center. The magnitudes of the P and S wave anomalies require the presence of retained mantle melt; the melt fraction near the rise exceeds the fraction 300 kilometers off axis by as little as 1%. Seismic anisotropy, induced by mantle flow, is evident in the P wave delays at near-vertical incidence and is consistent with a half-width of mantle upwelling of about 100 km.  相似文献   

Musculoskeletal disorders and psychosocial risk factors among veterinarians in Queensland, Australia   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

DR Smith  PA Leggat  R Speare 《Australian veterinary journal》2009,87(7):260-265

Objective   Although musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) represent one of the most important occupational health issues in contemporary society, few studies have specifically investigated this problem among veterinarians.
Design   An anonymous questionnaire survey mailed to all veterinarians registered with the Veterinary Surgeons Board of Queensland during 2006.
Results   Almost two-thirds of respondents (63%) had experienced MSD of the lower back, 57% had experienced neck-related MSD, 52% had experienced shoulder-related MSD and 34% had experienced MSD of the upper back during the previous 12 months. MSD was statistically correlated with a range of psychosocial factors, including stress associated with career structure, time pressures, client's attitude, lack of recognition by the public, lack of recognition by colleagues, lack of understanding from family or partners and work stress because of insufficient holidays each year.
Conclusion   Overall, this study has demonstrated significant correlations between MSD and psychosocial risk factors among a large cohort of veterinarians, apparently for the first time in the published literature. The results also suggest that personal and workplace issues may contribute more to the development of MSD among veterinarians than many of the previously recognised ergonomic risk factors.  相似文献   

Effect of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, carprofen, on weaned sheep following non-surgical mulesing by intradermal injection of cetrimide     

IG Colditz  JB Lloyd  DR Paull  C Lee  A Giraudo  C Pizzato  AD Fisher 《Australian veterinary journal》2009,87(1-2):19-26

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Clinical management of Brucella suis infection in dogs and implications for public health          下载免费PDF全文

DR James  G Golovsky  JM Thornton  L Goodchild  M Havlicek  P Martin  MB Krockenberger  DJE Marriott  V Ahuja  R Malik  SM Mor 《Australian veterinary journal》2017,95(1-2):19-25

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Pastoralists' indigenous selection criteria and other breeding practices of the long-horned Ankole cattle in Uganda     

Kugonza DR  Nabasirye M  Hanotte O  Mpairwe D  Okeyo AM 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(3):557-565

The criteria for identification, selection and kinship assignment of Ankole cattle and their roles to pastoralists were studied on 248 farms in Kiboga, Mbarara, Mpigi and Sembabule districts of Uganda using a questionnaire, administered during one-to-one interviews. Farms were randomly sampled along transects originating from the headquarters of each of the 19 sub-counties studied. We found that male Ankole cattle are reared for income from sales, meat for home use and ceremonies, aesthetic value and to maintain cultural heritage. Female cattle are mainly kept for milk production, income from sales, heritage and aesthetics, and in few cases, for home use as meat. Other functions included savings, manure and butter production. All cattle are named at birth with coat colour or pattern being the main identification criterion; hence, it is also useful in assigning kinship. Selection criteria for males are more stringent than for females. On most farms, all females are kept for further breeding and are only culled in cases of poor reproductive health. Primary emphasis in selecting males is on the performance of ancestors in milk and reproductive traits, and then on the qualities of the bull itself. Bulls are selected mainly focusing on a big body frame and size, horns that are white, large and curved upward and a plain dark red “ruhogo” coat colour. The results of this study show that pastoralists have a rich body of indigenous knowledge on this breed, and this should effectively be incorporated into planned selective improvement schemes of the Ankole cattle breed.  相似文献   

Trauma-induced blindness in two horses     

GP REPPAS  DR HODGSON  SA McCLINTOCK  WJ HARTLEY† 《Australian veterinary journal》1995,72(7):270-272

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Some aspects of the epidemiology of equine salmonellosis   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

AP BEGG  KG JOHNSTON  DR HUTCHINS  DJ EDWARDS 《Australian veterinary journal》1988,65(7):221-223

A survey of 2 horse populations was done to detect the number of asymptomatic faecal excretors of Salmonella sp. 1201 faecal samples from 250 horses hospitalised at the University of Sydney were cultured. Three serotypes, S. typhimurium (4 horses), S. anatum (2) and S. tennessee (1) were isolated from 7 horses (2.8%). None was detected in 75 mares similarly examined at a thoroughbred stud farm. In retrospect, S. typhimurium was also the most common (70%) of the 19 serotypes recovered from 171 horses with clinical salmonellosis seen at Camden, 1969 to 1986. Forty cases occurring since 1983 were reviewed in detail; the mortality rate was high (60%) and an increased proportion was due to S. bovis-morbificans. Five horses developed salmonellosis while hospitalised and it was usually impossible to be certain whether these cases developed from the carrier state into overt disease or resulted from infections acquired in hospital.  相似文献   

INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND CONTRAST MEDIA   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Val  Schmid  DR. MED. VET.  Johann  Lang  DR. MED. VET. 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1995,36(4):307-314

Intravascular ultrasound contrast media are substances that increase the echogenicity of blood. Although not yet completely explored, the clinical applications of intravascular ultrasound contrast media are cardiologic, such as for chamber opacification and myocardial perfusion imaging, the assessment of vascular diseases in general and the study of tumor vessels. Gas-filled bubbles are the preferred echo-enhancing contrast media. Research in this field is concentrating on the creation of very small, stable and non-toxic bubbles, capable of surviving pulmonary transit and appear into the left heart and peripheral vessels. Contrast provided by such media is visible on grey-scale images of the heart and also enhances Doppler signals. The potential clinical applications and the problems related to the creation of ultrasound contrast media suitable for clinical use are reviewed and illustrated by examples of contrast injections performed on patients.  相似文献