A sero-survey of subtype H3 influenza A virus infection in dogs and cats in Japan     

Said AW  Usui T  Shinya K  Ono E  Ito T  Hikasa Y  Matsuu A  Takeuchi T  Sugiyama A  Nishii N  Yamaguchi T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(4):541-544

A sero-epidemiological survey of human and equine H3 influenza A virus infections in dogs and cats using the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) and neuraminidase inhibition (NI) tests was conducted. Serum samples were collected from 582 dogs and 237 cats in Japan during the periods 2002-2008 and 1997-2008, respectively. Although no HI antibodies against equine H3 virus were detected, 9 (3.8%) from cats and 12 (2.1%) from dogs were HI-positive against human H3 virus. Only one serum each from dogs and cats was NI-positive against N2 virus. These findings suggest that although equine H3 influenza virus infections have not been prevalent in companion animals, human H3N2 influenza A virus infections have occurred in dogs and cats in recent years in Japan.  相似文献   

The HSP terminator of Arabidopsis thaliana induces a high level of miraculin accumulation in transgenic tomatoes     

Hirai T  Kurokawa N  Duhita N  Hiwasa-Tanase K  Kato K  Kato K  Ezura H 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(18):9942-9949

High-level accumulation of the target recombinant protein is a significant issue in heterologous protein expression using transgenic plants. Miraculin, a taste-modifying protein, was accumulated in transgenic tomatoes using an expression cassette in which the miraculin gene was expressed by the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter and the heat shock protein (HSP) terminator (MIR-HSP). The HSP terminator was derived from heat shock protein 18.2 in Arabidopsis thaliana . Using this HSP-containing cassette, the miraculin concentration in T0 transgenic tomato lines was 1.4-13.9% of the total soluble protein (TSP), and that in the T1 transgenic tomato line homozygous for the miraculin gene reached 17.1% of the TSP. The accumulation level of the target protein was comparable to levels observed with chloroplast transformation. The high-level accumulation of miraculin in T0 transgenic tomato lines achieved by the HSP terminator was maintained in the successive T1 generation, demonstrating the genetic stability of this accumulation system.  相似文献   

Isolation and tyrosinase inhibitory effects of polyphenols from the leaves of persimmon, Diospyros kaki     

Xue YL  Miyakawa T  Hayashi Y  Okamoto K  Hu F  Mitani N  Furihata K  Sawano Y  Tanokura M 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(11):6011-6017

The main polyphenols were isolated from the leaves of six selected persimmon cultivars. Seven compounds were obtained by reverse-phase HPLC, and their structures were elucidated by multiple NMR measurements. These compounds are hyperoside, isoquercitrin, trifolin, astragalin, chrysontemin, quercetin-3-O-(2'-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranoside) (QOG), and kaempferol-3-O-(2'-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranoside) (KOG). Their inhibitory activity was tested against tyrosinase for the oxidation of L-DOPA, and only chrysontemin showed inhibitory activity. To investigate the differences of their inhibitory effects, the tyrosinase inhibitory activities of their aglycons, cyanidin, quercetin, and kaempferol, were also tested. As a result, it was confirmed that the most influential moiety for tyrosinase inhibition was the 3',4'-dihydroxy groups of the catechol moiety. Moreover, the tyrosinase inhibitory activity of chrysontemin, which was identified in persimmon leaves for the first time, is supported by a simulated model of chrysontemin docking into mushroom tyrosinase.  相似文献   

Plants tolerant of high boron levels     

Miwa K  Takano J  Omori H  Seki M  Shinozaki K  Fujiwara T 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,318(5855):1417

Reduced crop productivity due to soils containing toxic levels of boron (B) is a worldwide problem in food production. It is estimated that up to 17% of the barley yield losses in southern Australia are caused by B toxicity. We found that the expression of AtBOR4, an Arabidopsis paralog of BOR1, the first identified boron transporter gene, generates plants that are tolerant of high B levels. BOR4 is a polarly localized borate exporter that enhances B efflux from roots. The present study is a foundation for the improvement of crop productivity in soils containing excess B, which are distributed in arid areas of the world.  相似文献   

Role of overexpressed BOR4, a boron exporter,in tolerance to high level of boron in shoots     

Kyoko Miwa  Toru Fujiwara 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(4):558-565

High boron (B) tolerance is an important trait for crop production in high-B soils. We previously reported that overexpression of BOR4, an Arabidopsis thaliana B exporter, conferred high B tolerance in A. thaliana. This improvement appeared to be mainly due to the decreased B concentrations in roots through BOR4-mediated exclusion of B. In the present study, we describe a novel role of overexpressed BOR4 in shoots for high B tolerance. We compared shoot growth of wild type A. thaliana and transgenic plants moderately overexpressing BOR4 in relation to B concentration in shoots. It was found that growths and chlorophyll accumulation of shoots containing similar levels of B are better in the transgenic plants than the wild type. This finding established that BOR4-overexpressing plants are more capable of expanding leaves and accumulating chlorophyll in the presence of high B in shoot tissues. BOR4-GFP was found to be localized to plasma membrane in leaf epidermis cells. We suggest that overexpressed BOR4 alters B distribution in leaves by exporting B from the cytoplasm to the apoplast, leading to enhancement of high B tolerance in shoots.  相似文献   

Verrucarin A Inhibition of MAP Kinase Activation in a PMA-stimulated Promyelocytic Leukemia Cell Line     

Taiko Oda  Michio Namikoshi  Kyoko Akano  Hisayoshi Kobayashi  Yoshio Honma  Tadashi Kasahara 《Marine drugs》2005,3(2):64-73

Verrucarin A is an inhibitor of protein synthesis. In this study, we examined the inhibitory action of verrucarin A on signal molecules. Verrucarin A partially inhibited the IL-8 production of a PMA-stimulated promyelocytic leukemia cell line (HL-60 cells), and the effect was related to the inhibition of NF-κB activation at non-cytotoxic concentrations. Moreover, the inhibition of mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase by verrucarin A was especially strong with p38- and JNK-phosphorylation. The findings show a new action of verrucarin A, and it is expected that this action relaxes the signal activation in response to stress.  相似文献   

Granulomatous Nephritis Consistent with Malakoplakia in a Cynomolgus Monkey     

Yoshikazu Taketa  Akira Inomata  Jiro Sonoda  Kazuhiro Hayakawa  Kyoko Nakano-Ito  Etsuko Ohta  Yuki Seki  Aya Goto  Satoru Hosokawa 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2013,26(4):419-422

Malakoplakia is a rare form of chronic granulomatous inflammation in mammals, and usually affects the urinary tract in humans. In this report, we present a case of granulomatous nephritis consistent with malakoplakia in a 4-year-old male cynomolgus monkey. Gross examination showed that the kidney was markedly enlarged and adhered to the surrounding organs. Histology showed that there was diffuse interstitial infiltration of histiocytes with abundant foamy eosinophilic cytoplasm resembling von Hansemann cells, PAS-positive granular cytoplasm and occasional PAS- and iron-positive intracellular small inclusion bodies. Electron microscopy showed that these histiocytes contained abundant lysosomes and phagolysosomes but no obvious Michaelis-Gutmann bodies. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of granulomatous nephritis consistent with early malakoplakia was made. This is the first report in a monkey of a renal lesion consistent with malakoplakia.  相似文献   

Carbon nanotube enhanced label-free immunosensor for amperometric determination of oocyte maturation-inducing hormone in fish     

Mutsuko Hirai  Tadayoshi Muramatsu  Hitoshi Ohnuki  Kyoko Hibi  Huifeng Ren  Hideaki Endo 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2013,39(2):299-308

Maintaining high-quality fish eggs stably and efficiently is important for aquaculture. We developed a label-free immunosensor system for measuring 17,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (DHP). DHP is suddenly secreted before ovulation as a maturation-inducing hormone in fish, and therefore, DHP levels are an indicator for predicting ovulation. The method is based on immunologic reactions and amperometric measurement using cyclic voltammetry (CV). For biomolecular immobilization on the surface of sensing electrode, Au electrode, we used self-assembled monolayers of thiol-containing compounds to fix anti-DHP immunoglobulin. In addition, we used a single-walled carbon nanotube to improve sensitivity. Using this electrode, we were able to determine the CV signal change caused by the antigen–antibody complex. The proposed immunosensor system showed a linear correlation (correlation coefficient: 0.9827) between the anodic peak current of the CV and the DHP level in range from 15.6 to 50,000 pg ml^?1. The sensor system was then applied to monitor DHP of goldfish (Carassius auratus). Blood plasma of fish was collected every 3 h after administering a DHP inducer. In the measurement, the anodic peak current of the CV showed distinct changes depending on DHP levels in the blood plasma. A good relationship was observed between DHP levels determined by our proposed system and the conventional method (correlation coefficient: 0.9351).  相似文献   

Ultra highly sensitive method for detecting Flavobacterium psychrophilum using high‐gradient immunomagnetic separation with a polymerase chain reaction     

Uni Ryumae  Kyoko Hibi  Yasutoshi Yoshiura  Huifeng Ren  Hideaki Endo 《Aquaculture Research》2012,43(6):929-939

We attempted to develop an ultrahigh sensitive method for detecting Flavobacterium psychrophilum using high‐gradient immunomagnetic separation (HGIMS) with a polymerase chain reaction (PCR). HGIMS is a magnetic separation method in which the magnetic force is strengthened by introducing a magnetic gradient between the magnetic filter and nearby column. Because immunomagnetic beads specifically react with target cells, target cells are collected efficiently. Accumulated beads are released from the filter by removing the external magnetic force. After concentrating the samples using the HGIMS system, DNA was extracted from the samples, and PCR was applied to detect F. psychrophilum. Our primers did not react with reference bacteria and reacted specifically with F. psychrophilum. The detection sensitivity using the HGIMS system was higher than that of the method without the HGIMS system, and the total assay time, including sample preparation, was <3.5 h. PCR products of the expected size were obtained from samples of concentrated 4 × 10^?1 to 4 × 10³ cfu mL^?1F. psychrophilum more than 80% of the time using the HGIMS system. Furthermore, our proposed method could be useful for the specific detection of F. psychrophilum from actual samples. Our proposed method is suitable for the highly sensitive detection of F. psychrophilum.  相似文献   

Antioxidative catechol lignans/neolignans isolated from defatted kernel of Jatropha curcas     

Toshisada Suzuki  Kyoko Eto  Yasuki Kubota  Takeshi Katayama  Tanachai Pankasemsuk 《Journal of Wood Science》2016,62(4):339-348

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