Comparison of lipid biomarker and gene abundance characterizing the archaeal ammonia-oxidizing community in flooded soils     

Andrea Bannert  Cornelia Mueller-Niggemann  Kristina Kleineidam  Livia Wissing  Zhi-Hong Cao  Lorenz Schwark  Michael Schloter 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2011,47(7):839-843

In the last years, archaea have been identified as key players in global N cycling, especially in nitrification. Ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) are postulated to belong to the new phylum Thaumarchaeota for which the lipid crenarchaeol should be specific. The ratios between two independent markers for AOA, the ammonia monooxygenase gene and crenarchaeol have been studied in different aerated soils, but so far not in flooded soils. This study investigated ammonia-oxidizing archaea in four paddy soils and a tidal wetland. Ratios were significantly higher in the paddy soils compared to the tidal wetland and in general higher as in upland soils, leading to the assumption that archaeal ammonia oxidizers different from crenarchaeol-containing Thaumarchaeota may play an important role in paddy soils.  相似文献   

Feasibility and reliability of a German guideline for farm’s self-monitoring in sows and piglets     

Lena Friedrich  Joachim Krieter  Nicole Kemper  Irena Czycholl 《Journal of animal science》2020,98(10)

The present study’s aim was to test a German guideline for farm’s self-monitoring in sows and piglets for its feasibility as well as its interobserver and test–retest reliability. The study was performed between September 2016 and April 2018 on 13 farrowing farms in Northern Germany. Contrary to the guideline, the testing was not carried out by the farmers themselves but by 2 observers with experience in pigs representing common farmers. For the interobserver reliability study, the observers performed 20 joint farm visits independently assessing the same animals. For the test–retest reliability study, each farm was visited 5 times by 1 observer (day 0, day 3, week 7, month 5, month 10). Farm visit 1 (day 0) was used as reference and compared with the remaining farm visits. The reliability was evaluated using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (RS), intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and limits of agreement (LoA). As results, the guideline’s feasibility was limited. The indicators’ reliability also presented divergent results: All indicators in piglets revealed acceptable to good interobserver reliability (RS 0.64 to 0.77 ICC 0.33 to 0.48 LoA between the intervals −0.02 to 0.13 and −0.02 to 0.00). Contrarily, interobserver reliability was low for indicators in sows (e.g., claw alterations: RS −0.41 ICC 0.00 LoA −0.97 to 0.68). Overall acceptable test–retest reliability could be assigned to all indicators although no exact agreement existed but only the pursuit of trends is indicated. On the basis of the present results, the guideline in its present form cannot be recommended for farms’ self-monitoring. Given the restricted applicability, it should be reconsidered whether it might not be more appropriate to use scientifically tested and generally accepted animal welfare assessment systems such as the Welfare Quality animal welfare assessment protocols, although their application is also time-consuming.  相似文献   

Report of potato nutrition (fertilization) committee     

Arthur Hawkins  O. A. Lorenz  N. R. Richards  L. M. Ware  G. V. C. Houghland 《American Journal of Potato Research》1959,36(2):73-75

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Genetic approach for the fast discovery of phenazine producing bacteria     

Schneemann I  Wiese J  Kunz AL  Imhoff JF 《Marine drugs》2011,9(5):772-789

A fast and efficient approach was established to identify bacteria possessing the potential to biosynthesize phenazines, which are of special interest regarding their antimicrobial activities. Sequences of phzE genes, which are part of the phenazine biosynthetic pathway, were used to design one universal primer system and to analyze the ability of bacteria to produce phenazine. Diverse bacteria from different marine habitats and belonging to six major phylogenetic lines were investigated. Bacteria exhibiting phzE gene fragments affiliated to Firmicutes, Alpha- and Gammaproteobacteria, and Actinobacteria. Thus, these are the first primers for amplifying gene fragments from Firmicutes and Alphaproteobacteria. The genetic potential for phenazine production was shown for four type strains belonging to the genera Streptomyces and Pseudomonas as well as for 13 environmental isolates from marine habitats. For the first time, the genetic ability of phenazine biosynthesis was verified by analyzing the metabolite pattern of all PCR-positive strains via HPLC-UV/MS. Phenazine production was demonstrated for the type strains known to produce endophenazines, 2-hydroxy-phenazine, phenazine-1-carboxylic acid, phenazine-1,6-dicarboxylic acid, and chlororaphin as well as for members of marine Actinobacteria. Interestingly, a number of unidentified phenazines possibly represent new phenazine structures.  相似文献   

Urea nitrogen for potatoes     

K. B. Tyler  O. A. Lorenz  F. H. Takatori  J. C. Bishop 《American Journal of Potato Research》1962,39(3):89-99

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Water availability affects nectar sugar production and insect visitation of the cup plant Silphium perfoliatum L. (Asteraceae)     

Anna Lena Mueller  Christian A. Berger  Siegfried Schittenhelm  Burkhard Stever-Schoo  Jens Dauber 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2020,206(5):529-537

The perennial cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) is considered as an alternative feedstock to maize for biogas plants. Due to its ecological advantages of an extensive management and function as food resource for pollinators, it can be grown in Ecological Focus Areas (EFAs) since 2018. However, studies at the Julius Kühn-Institute in Braunschweig (Germany) showed that the assumed advantage of the cup plant of a high drought tolerance could not be confirmed regarding aspects of crop production and yield. We complemented this experiment by assessing how different soil moisture conditions affect the production of floral resources and insect visitation. In 2014, we sampled three irrigated and three rainfed plots of the cup plant. We quantified the nectar volume and sugar mass per inflorescence, the number of inflorescences per plant and calculated the total nectar sugar production. We further counted insect visitation on the inflorescences. Due to reduced numbers of inflorescences per plant and an earlier harvest, the estimated nectar sugar production was 58 kg/ha regarding irrigated and 20 kg/ha regarding rainfed plots. Honeybee visitation per inflorescence was about twice as high in the irrigated plots. Furthermore, the early harvest is a disadvantage for wild pollinators with a late activity period.  相似文献   

Urban evictions,public housing and the gendered rationalisation of kampung life in Jakarta     

Lisa Tilley  Juanita Elias  Lena Rethel 《Asia Pacific viewpoint》2019,60(1):80-93

The dispossession of urban communities across class and racial lines is a global phenomenon linked to the expansion of international investment in the development of ‘exemplary’ city space. However, city evictions are also historically informed and gendered processes which are continuous with past colonial and postcolonial urban rationalisation projects. Drawing on testimonies of women evictees in Jakarta, as well as interviews with public housing managers, this article details the gendered nature of the rationalisation of urban life in the context of a contemporary evictions regime. We argue that the rationalisation of urban space serves to sharpen the gender order by placing material constraints on women's roles, limiting their economic activities and defining them as hygiene‐responsible housewives. Further, and in turn, the limited provision of ‘rusunawa’ public housing, which we show to be a gendered spatial and social transition informed by state doctrine on the family, provides the state with justification for dispossession itself. Finally, women's everyday acts of refusal and resistance show not only that kampung forms of social life continue to be preserved in Jakarta, but also that rationalisation itself is a negotiated and contingent process.  相似文献   

First transgenic trait for control of plant bugs and thrips in cotton     

Waseem Akbar  Anilkumar Gowda  Jeffrey E Ahrens  Jason W Stelzer  Robert S Brown  Scott L Bollman  John T Greenplate  Jeffrey Gore  Angus L Catchot  Gus Lorenz  Scott D Stewart  David L Kerns  Jeremy K Greene  Michael D Toews  David A Herbert  Dominic D Reisig  Gregory A Sword  Peter C Ellsworth  Larry D Godfrey  Thomas L Clark 《Pest management science》2019,75(3):867-877

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Air and soil temperatures in potato fields,Kern County,California, during spring and early summer     

O. A. Lorenz 《American Journal of Potato Research》1950,27(11):396-407

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Federal control of enzootic bovine leukosis in West Germany in the light of new European Economic Community considerations     

H Pittler  R J Lorenz 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1988,95(7):260-263

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