Possibilities of direct introgression from Brassica napus to B. juncea and indirect introgression from B. napus to related Brassicaceae through B. juncea     

Mai Tsuda  Ryo Ohsawa  Yutaka Tabei 《Breeding Science》2014,64(1):74-82

The impact of genetically modified canola (Brassica napus) on biodiversity has been examined since its initial stage of commercialization. Various research groups have extensively investigated crossability and introgression among species of Brassicaceae. B. rapa and B. juncea are ranked first and second as the recipients of cross-pollination and introgression from B. napus, respectively. Crossability between B. napus and B. rapa has been examined, specifically in terms of introgression from B. napus to B. rapa, which is mainly considered a weed in America and European countries. On the other hand, knowledge on introgression from B. napus to B. juncea is insufficient, although B. juncea is recognized as the main Brassicaceae weed species in Asia. It is therefore essential to gather information regarding the direct introgression of B. napus into B. juncea and indirect introgression of B. napus into other species of Brassicaceae through B. juncea to evaluate the influence of genetically modified canola on biodiversity. We review information on crossability and introgression between B. juncea and other related Brassicaseae in this report.  相似文献   

Development of mediator-type biosensor to wirelessly monitor whole cholesterol concentration in fish     

Mai Takase  Masataka Murata  Kyoko Hibi  Ren Huifeng  Hideaki Endo 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2014,40(2):385-394

We developed a wireless monitoring system to monitor fish condition by tracking the change in whole cholesterol concentration. The whole cholesterol concentration of fish is a source of steroid hormones or indicator of immunity level, which makes its detection important for tracking physiological condition of fish. Wireless monitoring system comprises of mediator-type biosensor and wireless transmission device. Biosensor is implantable to fish body, and transmission device is so light, in that fish is allowed to swim freely during monitoring. Cholesterol esterase and oxidase were fixated on to the detection site of biosensor and used to detect the whole cholesterol concentration. However, cholesterol oxidase incorporates oxidation–reduction reaction of oxygen for detection, which concentration fluctuates easily due to change in environmental condition. Meanwhile, mediator-type biosensor enables monitoring of whole cholesterol concentration by using mediator to substitute that oxidation–reduction reaction of oxygen. Characteristic of fabricated mediator-type biosensor was tested. The sensor output current of mediator-type biosensor remained stable compared to output current of non-mediator-type biosensor under fluctuating oxygen concentration of 0–8 ppm, which implied that this sensor is less affected by change in dissolved oxygen concentration. That biosensor was then implanted into fish for wireless monitoring. As a result, approximately 48 h of real-time monitoring was successful.  相似文献   

Remediation of heavy metal(loid)s contaminated sediments—in situ iron treatment and subsequent magnetic extraction     

Taosha Ou  Mengyun Guan  Yongrui Mai  Peiyan Deng  Yutang Xiao  Dayi Deng 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2017,17(8):2202-2213

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Removal of Copper,Lead, Methylene Green 5, and Acid Red 1 by Saccharide-Derived Spherical Biochar Prepared at Low Calcination Temperatures: Adsorption Kinetics,Isotherms, and Thermodynamics     

Hai Nguyen Tran  Chung-Kung Lee  Mai Thi Vu  Huan-Ping Chao 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2017,228(10):401

Spherical biochar derived from saccharides (glucose, sucrose, and xylose) was prepared through two steps: pre-hydrothermal carbonization at 190 °C and calcination at low temperatures (200–325 °C). The spherical biochar was characterized by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, zeta potential, scanning and transmission electron microscopies, and X-ray diffraction. The result indicated that the spherical biochar exhibited low S _BET (15–22 m²/g), but abundant superficial active oxygen-containing functional groups. The spherical biochar possessed a negatively charged surface within solution pH 2.0–11. The adsorption process of Pb²⁺, Cu²⁺, and methylene green 5 (MG5) was strongly dependent on the solution pH and reached fast equilibrium at approximately 60 min. The maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity (Q°_max) exhibited the following order: glucose-biochar > sucrose-biochar > xylose-biochar prepared at 300 °C. The selective adsorption order of glucose-biochar was Cu²⁺ (0.894 mmol/g) > Pb²⁺ (0.848 mmol/g) > MG5 (0.334 mmol/g). The electrostatic attraction played a determining role in the adsorption mechanism of pollutant cations. The adsorption of anionic dye (acid red 1) on the spherical biochar was negligible because of electrostatic repulsion. The spherical biochar can serve as a newer and promising adsorbent to remove toxic pollutant cations from water media.  相似文献   

Monitoring of QoI fungicide resistance in Plasmopara viticola populations in Japan     

Seiichi Furuya  Mai Mochizuki  Seiya Saito  Hironori Kobayashi  Tsutomu Takayanagi  Shunji Suzuki 《Pest management science》2010,66(11):1268-1272

BACKGROUND: The increasing occurrence of QoI fungicide resistance in Plasmopara viticola (Berk. & MA Curtis) Berl. & DeToni populations is becoming a serious problem in the control of grapevine downy mildew. In Japan, the existence of QoI‐fungicide‐resistant P. viticola was reported in 2009. RESULTS: The QoI fungicide resistance in P. viticola samples collected from vineyards in Japan in 2008 and 2009 was monitored. Resistant P. viticola were detected in the regions where QoI fungicides have been introduced in accordance with the pest management programme, whereas in Hokkaido vineyards, where QoI fungicides have not yet been introduced, QoI‐fungicide‐resistant P. viticola were not found. CONCLUSION: Japan comprises thousands of islands and is physically isolated from other countries by the sea. Monitoring the emergence, incidence and distribution of QoI fungicide resistance in P. viticola populations in Japan is necessary to improve pest management strategies for downy mildew disease in Japanese vineyards. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

温度势差驱动玉米去水试验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

马兴灶  李长友  张晓立  麦智炜  张丽丽 《农产品加工．学刊》2010,(10)

从能势转换的角度探讨谷物节能干燥工艺,即利用自然界自身存在的温度势差驱动谷物水分气化、迁移和扩散,达到去除高水分玉米水分和提高粮温的目的,并通过试验验证了该方法的可行性,为烘干机高效节能设计提供基础数据。  相似文献   

Effect of Discontinuous Administration of β -glucan and Glycyrrhizin on the Growth and Immunity of Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus Vannamei     

Nan Bai  Kangsen Mai  Wenbing Zhang  Hongming Ma  Qinghui Ai  Xiaojie Wang 《饲料工业》2010,(3):5-6

A six-week growth trial was conducted to compare the effects of different feeding strate- gies of dietary immunostimulants on the growth and immunity of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei （4.70 ±0.20g）. Shrimps were fed with diet containing glycyrrhizin continuously, containing β -glucan continuously, discontinuously （seven days with diet containing β -gluseven days with diet without -glucan; two days with diet containing β-glucan following five days with diet without -glucan）,  相似文献   

复相乳化法制备明胶微囊蛋氨酸的工艺初探     

迟淑艳  谭北平  麦康森  艾庆辉  黄世标  周歧存  董晓慧  杨奇慧 《饲料工业》2010,31(4)

以明胶和羧甲基纤维素钠为包囊材料,蛋氨酸为芯材采用复相乳化法制备蛋氨酸微胶囊。应用均匀实验设计分析了微胶囊制备过程主要影响因素及适宜的工艺条件,得出明胶溶液浓度对微囊的形成影响较大,优化参数得出蛋氨酸微胶囊载药量为61.30%。  相似文献   

The calculation of EMC for the analysis of wood/water relations in Fagus sylvatica L. modified with 1,3-dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxyethyleneurea     

Andrés Dieste  Andreas Krause  Carsten Mai  Holger Militz 《Wood Science and Technology》2010,44(4):597-606

Beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L.) was modified with 1,3-dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU). The equilibrium moisture content (EMC) of wood modified with DMDHEU calculated on a dry modified basis is reduced. Previous results have shown that the modification with DMDHEU does not alter the capillary condensation; therefore, the reduction in EMC seems exaggerated. The equilibrium constants of the Hailwood–Horrobin model (K _d and K _h) and the molecular weight of a hypothetical polymer of modified wood capable of adsorbing one molecule of water (W _i) were calculated from the EMC on a dry modified wood basis (M) and on a dry wood basis (M _R). The hypothetical polymer was also calculated by stoichiometry (W _c) and compared to W _i to estimate the number of operative OH groups. The number of operative OH groups decreased when M was used, in contradiction with the previously obtained results of differential heat of adsorption (∆H _s). Therefore, the use of M _R is recommended for the analysis of moisture sorption in wood modified with DMDHEU.  相似文献   

‘库尔勒香梨’果实外观描述概况及其调控研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

何子顺  李世强  茹仙古丽·买买提  张峰  牛建新 《北方果树》2010,(4):1-5

该文对‘库尔勒香梨’果实不同外观特征的名称进行了综述,包括花萼脱落的果实、花萼宿存的果实,萼端凹陷的果实、萼端突起的果实,"公梨""母梨",粗皮果、畸形果。并提出统一名称的合理建议。还对‘库尔勒香梨’果实外观调控研究进展加以综述。  相似文献