The effect of combined carprofen and omeprazole administration on gastrointestinal permeability and inflammation in dogs     

Susan M. Jones  Ann Gaier  Hiroko Enomoto  Patricia Ishii  Rachel Pilla  Josh Price  Jan Suchodolski  Joerg M. Steiner  Mark G. Papich  Kristen Messenger  M. Katherine Tolbert 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2020,34(5):1886-1893

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Rib osteomyelitis in three foals     

KM Neil  RE Charman  JR Vasey 《Australian veterinary journal》2010,88(3):96-100

Three foals aged between 21 and 44 days were presented for evaluation of pyrexia and lameness. Each had subcutaneous abscessation associated with osteomyelitis of a rib at the costochondral junction and pathological fracture of the affected rib; one foal had more than one rib affected. Other localised sites of infection included other sites of osteomyelitis, omphalophlebitis, uveitis, enterocolitis, and calcaneal bursitis. The subcutaneous abscessation and rib osteomyelitis was treated surgically in two foals. Salmonella typhimurium was isolated from the subcutaneous abscess in one foal and from the faeces of another. Two of the three foals were euthanased. Ultrasonography was a more useful modality than radiography for establishing the diagnosis of costal osteomyelitis.  相似文献   

Cadmium induced alterations in the intestinal absorption of glucose and fructose in a freshwater cat fish,Heteropneustes fossilis     

K. V. Sastry  KM. Subhadra 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1983,20(3):293-297

The effect of four concentrations (1.0, 0.1, 0.01, and 0.001 mM) of Cd on the rate of absorption of two sugars, glucose and fructose by the intestine of the fresh water cat fish, Heteropneustes fossilis has been studied after 1 h at 23 °C. Intestinal glucose and fructose transport was also assessed in fish exposed to a sublettral concentration (0.0023 mM) of Cd in the ambient water for 15 and 30 days. Control fish showed no marked difference in the rates of absorption of glucose and fructose. All four concentrations of Cd decreased the rate of transport of glucose and fructose significantly. Among the two sugars, decrease in the rate of transport of fructose was more marked than glucose. In fish exposed to Cd in the ambient water, reduction of glucose and fructose absorption was greater after 30 days of exposure than after 15 days.  相似文献   

Overview and initial results of the very long baseline interferometry space observatory programme   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

H Hirabayashi  H Hirosawa  H Kobayashi  Y Murata  PG Edwards  EB Fomalont  K Fujisawa  T Ichikawa  T Kii  JEJ Lovell  GA Moellenbrock  R Okayasu  M Inoue  N Kawaguchi  S Kameno  KM Shibata  Y Asaki  T Bushimata  S Enome  S Horiuchi  T Miyaji  T Umemoto  V Migenes  K Wajima  J Nakajima  al et 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,281(5384):1825-1829

High angular resolution images of extragalactic radio sources are being made with the Highly Advanced Laboratory for Communications and Astronomy (HALCA) satellite and ground-based radio telescopes as part of the Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) Space Observatory Programme (VSOP). VSOP observations at 1.6 and 5 gigahertz of the milli-arc-second-scale structure of radio quasars enable the quasar core size and the corresponding brightness temperature to be determined, and they enable the motions of jet components that are close to the core to be studied. Here, VSOP images of the gamma-ray source 1156+295, the quasar 1548+056, the ultraluminous quasar 0014+813, and the superluminal quasar 0212+735 are presented and discussed.  相似文献   

Isotopic compositions of cometary matter returned by Stardust     

McKeegan KD  Aléon J  Bradley J  Brownlee D  Busemann H  Butterworth A  Chaussidon M  Fallon S  Floss C  Gilmour J  Gounelle M  Graham G  Guan Y  Heck PR  Hoppe P  Hutcheon ID  Huth J  Ishii H  Ito M  Jacobsen SB  Kearsley A  Leshin LA  Liu MC  Lyon I  Marhas K  Marty B  Matrajt G  Meibom A  Messenger S  Mostefaoui S  Mukhopadhyay S  Nakamura-Messenger K  Nittler L  Palma R  Pepin RO  Papanastassiou DA  Robert F  Schlutter D  Snead CJ  Stadermann FJ  Stroud R  Tsou P  Westphal A  Young ED  Ziegler K  Zimmermann L  Zinner E 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,314(5806):1724-1728

Hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen isotopic compositions are heterogeneous among comet 81P/Wild 2 particle fragments; however, extreme isotopic anomalies are rare, indicating that the comet is not a pristine aggregate of presolar materials. Nonterrestrial nitrogen and neon isotope ratios suggest that indigenous organic matter and highly volatile materials were successfully collected. Except for a single (17)O-enriched circumstellar stardust grain, silicate and oxide minerals have oxygen isotopic compositions consistent with solar system origin. One refractory grain is (16)O-enriched, like refractory inclusions in meteorites, suggesting that Wild 2 contains material formed at high temperature in the inner solar system and transported to the Kuiper belt before comet accretion.  相似文献   

The pharmacokinetics of midazolam after intravenous,intramuscular, and rectal administration in healthy dogs     

M. Schwartz  K. R. Muñana  J. A. Nettifee‐Osborne  K. M. Messenger  M. G. Papich 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2013,36(5):471-477

Intravenous benzodiazepines are utilized as first‐line drugs to treat prolonged epileptic seizures in dogs and alternative routes of administration are required when venous access is limited. This study compared the pharmacokinetics of midazolam after intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and rectal (PR) administration. Six healthy dogs were administered 0.2 mg/kg midazolam IV, IM, or PR in a randomized, 3‐way crossover design with a 3‐day washout between study periods. Blood samples were collected at baseline and at predetermined intervals until 480 min after administration. Plasma midazolam concentrations were measured by high‐pressure liquid chromatography with UV detection. Rectal administration resulted in erratic systemic availability with undetectable to low plasma concentrations. Arithmetic mean values ± SD for midazolam peak plasma concentrations were 0.86 ± 0.36 μg/mL (C₀) and 0.20 ± 0.06 μg/mL (C_max), following IV and IM administration, respectively. Time to peak concentration (T_max) after IM administration was 7.8 ± 2.4 min with a bioavailability of 50 ± 16%. Findings suggest that IM midazolam might be useful in treating seizures in dogs when venous access is unavailable, but higher doses may be needed to account for intermediate bioavailability. Rectal administration is likely of limited efficacy for treating seizures in dogs.  相似文献   

Wounds of the pastern and foot region managed with phalangeal casts: 50 cases in 49 horses (1995–2006)     

KM Ketzner  AA Stewart  CR Byron  M Stewart  EM Gaughan  PD Vanharreveld  JD Lillich 《Australian veterinary journal》2009,87(9):363-368

Objective   Describe the use of a phalangeal cast as treatment for wounds in the pastern and foot region of horses. Secondly, to evaluate the healing and soundness of horses treated with phalangeal casts.
Design   Retrospective study of 49 horses.
Procedures   Medical records of 49 horses that were treated with a phalangeal cast for 50 cases of wounds in the pastern and foot region at equine referral hospitals from 1995 to 2006 were reviewed and follow-up information was obtained.
Results   Treatment consisted of wound debridement, lavage, wound closure (28 wounds), cast application and antibiotics (84%). At follow-up, the majority of horses were sound (42 of 47 wounds, 89.4%), three horses were still lame and one horse was euthanased because of persistent lameness. Three horses were lost to follow-up. There was no statistical difference between the outcomes of horses treated acutely (<24 h) or after a 24-h delay. Similarly, the involvement of synovial structures in the wound did not significantly influence outcome.
Conclusions   In this study, wounds involving the pastern and foot that were treated with a phalangeal cast carried a good prognosis for soundness (89.4%) and cosmetic healing (89.5%). The phalangeal casts were well-tolerated and effective.  相似文献   

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of an extended-release buprenorphine formulation in dogs     

S. Ostenkamp  M. Barletta  J. Quandt  D. Lascelles  K. Messenger 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2017,44(1):195.e6

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Pharmacokinetics of intravenous and intramuscular buprenorphine in the horse     

Davis JL  Messenger KM  LaFevers DH  Barlow BM  Posner LP 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2012,35(1):52-58

The purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of buprenorphine following intravenous (i.v.) and intramuscular (i.m.) administration in horses. Six horses received i.v. or i.m. buprenorphine (0.005 mg/kg) in a randomized, crossover design. Plasma samples were collected at predetermined times and horses were monitored for adverse reactions. Buprenorphine concentrations were measured using ultra-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Following i.v. administration, clearance was 7.97±5.16 mL/kg/min, and half-life (T(1/2)) was 3.58 h (harmonic mean). Volume of distribution was 3.01±1.69 L/kg. Following i.m. administration, maximum concentration (C(max)) was 1.74±0.09 ng/mL, which was significantly lower than the highest measured concentration (4.34±1.22 ng/mL) after i.v. administration (P<0.001). Time to C(max) was 0.9±0.69 h and T(1/2) was 4.24 h. Bioavailability was variable (51-88%). Several horses showed signs of excitement. Gut sounds were decreased 10±2.19 and 8.67±1.63 h in the i.v. and i.m. group, respectively. Buprenorphine has a moderate T(1/2) in the horse and was detected at concentrations expected to be therapeutic in other species after i.v. and i.m. administration of 0.005 mg/kg. Signs of excitement and gastrointestinal stasis may be noted.  相似文献   

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of alfaxalone after a single intramuscular or intravascular injection in mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos)     

Tamara N. Kruse  Kristen M. Messenger  Andrew S. Bowman  Turi K. Aarnes  Thomas E. Wittum  Mark Flint 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2019,42(6):713-721

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of alfaxalone was performed in mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) after single bolus injections of 10 mg/kg administered intramuscularly (IM; n = 10) or intravenously (IV; n = 10), in a randomized cross‐over design with a washout period between doses. Mean (±SD) C_max following IM injection was 1.6 (±0.8) µg/ml with T_max at 15.0 (±10.5) min. Area under the curve (AUC) was 84.66 and 104.58 min*mg/ml following IV and IM administration, respectively. Volume of distribution (V_D) after IV dose was 3.0 L/kg. The mean plasma clearance after 10 mg/kg IV was 139.5 (±67.9) ml min^?1 kg^?1. Elimination half‐lives (mean [±SD]) were 15.0 and 16.1 (±3.0) min following IV and IM administration, respectively. Mean bioavailability at 10 mg/kg IM was 108.6%. None of the ducks achieved a sufficient anesthetic depth for invasive procedures, such as surgery, to be performed. Heart and respiratory rates measured after administration remained stable, but many ducks were hyperexcitable during recovery. Based on sedation levels and duration, alfaxalone administered at dosages of 10 mg/kg IV or IM in mallard ducks does not induce clinically acceptable anesthesia.  相似文献