Influence of long-term treatment with tetracycline and niacinamide on antibody production in dogs with discoid lupus erythematosus     

Mueller RS  Fieseler KV  Bettenay SV  Rosychuk RA 《American journal of veterinary research》2002,63(4):491-494

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of long-term treatment with tetracycline and niacinamide on antibody production in dogs by measuring postvaccinal serum concentrations of antibodies against canine parvovirus and canine distemper virus. ANIMALS: 10 dogs receiving long-term treatment with tetracycline and niacinamide (treatment group) and 10 healthy dogs (control group). PROCEDURE: The treatment group included 9 dogs with discoid lupus erythematosus and 1 dog with pemphigus foliaceus on long-term treatment (> 12 months) with tetracycline and niacinamide. The control group included 10 healthy dogs with no clinical signs of disease and no administered medications for the past 3 months. Blood samples were obtained from all dogs by jugular venipuncture. Serum antibody titers against canine parvovirus and canine distemper virus antigens were measured, using hemaglutination inhibition and serum neutralization, respectively, and compared between groups. RESULTS: A significant difference in antibody titers between treatment- and control-group dogs was not found. All dogs had protective antibody titers against canine distemper virus, and 8 of 10 dogs from each group had protective titers against canine parvovirus infection. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: These results provide evidence that long-term treatment with tetracycline and niacinamide does not interfere with routine vaccinations and thus does not seem to influence antibody production in dogs.  相似文献   

Efficacy of selamectin in the treatment of canine cheyletiellosis     

Mueller RS  Bettenay SV 《The Veterinary record》2002,151(25):773

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Application of alternative fumigants through drip irrigation systems     

Ajwa HA  Trout T  Mueller J  Wilhelm S  Nelson SD  Soppe R  Shatley D 《Phytopathology》2002,92(12):1349-1355

ABSTRACT Strawberry fields in California (9,500 ha annually) are pre-plant fumigated with methyl bromide and chloropicrin to prevent serious soil pest and disease problems. Although soil fumigation with methyl bromide has ensured stability of strawberry production, its use is being discontinued because of its effect on stratospheric ozone. The likely short-term alternatives such as 1,3-dichloropropene, chloropicrin, and metham sodium, although not ozone depleters, are potentially hazardous to the environment and humans if applied improperly. Water-soluble formulations of alternative fumigants can be applied through drip irrigation systems established to irrigate crops. In comparison to conventional shank methods of injection, application of soluble formulations through drip irrigation systems would be economical and environmentally friendly, reduce worker exposure, and allow for simultaneous or sequential application of a combination of fumigants. This paper discusses techniques developed to apply alternative fumigants through drip irrigation systems, and reviews ongoing studies to determine optimum application rates, soil conditions, plastic mulches, and amount of irrigation water used to apply these alternative fumigants.  相似文献   

Thyroid function and serum hepatic enzyme activity in dogs after phenobarbital administration   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Gieger TL  Hosgood G  Taboada J  Wolfsheimer KJ  Mueller PB 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2000,14(3):277-281

Phenobarbital is the drug of choice for control of canine epilepsy. Phenobarbital induces hepatic enzyme activity, can be hepatotoxic, and decreases serum thyroxine (T4) concentrations in some dogs. The duration of liver enzyme induction and T4 concentration decreases after discontinuation of phenobarbital is unknown. The purpose of this study was to characterize the changes in serum total T4 (TT4), free T4 (FT4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), cholesterol and albumin concentrations, and activities in serum of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) after discontinuation of long-term phenobarbital administration in normal dogs. Twelve normal dogs were administered phenobarbital at a dosage of approximately 4.4-6.6 mg/kg PO q12h for 27 weeks. Blood was collected for analysis before and after 27 weeks of phenobarbital administration and then weekly for 10 weeks after discontinuation of the drug. The dogs were clinically normal throughout the study period. Serum ALT and ALP activity and TSH and cholesterol concentrations were significantly higher than baseline at week 27. Serum T4 and FT4 were significantly lower. Serum albumin and GGT were not changed from baseline at week 27. Changes in estimate of thyroid function (TT4, FT4, TSH) persisted for 1-4 weeks after discontinuation of phenobarbital, whereas changes in hepatic enzyme activity (ALT, ALP) and cholesterol concentration resolved in 3-5 weeks. To avoid false positive results, it is recommended that thyroid testing be performed at least 4 weeks after discontinuation of phenobarbital administration. Elevated serum activity of hepatic enzymes 6-8 weeks after discontinuation of phenobarbital may indicate hepatic disease.  相似文献   

Establishment and early growth characteristics of six Paulownia genotypes for goat browse in Raleigh, NC, USA     

J. Paul Mueller  Jean-Marie Luginbuhl  Ben A. Bergmann 《Agroforestry Systems》2001,52(1):63-72

Meat goat production in the eastern USA is increasing as a result of growing demand from various ethnic groups. Because goats naturally prefer a high proportion of browse in their diets, research was initiated to investigate various silvopastoral production systems. The genus Paulownia contains several species which exhibit rapid juvenile growth and other characteristics that justify research into their potential use in meat goat feeding systems. In May 1997, six Paulownia genotypes were planted in a randomized complete block experiment with six replications. Trees were between 6 and 12 cm in height at planting. Genotypes included: P. fortunei seedlings, P. tomentosa seedlings, P. elongata seedlings and three P. elongata clones. Each 4-m wide plot contained a single row of 12 trees with an intra-row spacing of 1 m. Plant measurements included height, root collar diameter (RCD) at 3 cm above soil surface, and the number of main branches. Leaf samples were collected from all six replications for estimates of herbage quality. During 1998, trees were browsed with goats on two occasions to assess palatability of the herbage and to determine any preference for specific genotypes by the animals. Compared with seedling trees of all three species, the three P. elongata clones were taller (clones: 79.7 cm, seedlings: 55.9 cm; P < 0.01), had larger RCDs (clones: 18.4 mm, seedlings: 13.9 mm; P < 0.01) and had a higher branching frequency (clones: 4.9, seedlings: 1.5; P < 0.01) by the end of the first growing season. Mortality averaged 4.8% across all treatments and ranged between 0 and 8%. Early in the 1998 growing season before trees were browsed, P. elongata clones grew more rapidly than seedlings (clones: 116.4 cm, seedlings: 84.1 cm; P < 0.01). Estimates of herbage quality indicated favorable concentrations of energy and protein for lamina. In vitro true dry matter disappearance ranged from 85.4 (blades) to 71.5% (petioles) and crude protein from 25.1 (blades) to 4.9% (petioles). Animals readily browsed the lamina during two separate sessions, but no clear preference trends were observed among the different Paulownia genotypes.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Nonthymoma‐associated exfoliative dermatitis in 18 cats          下载免费PDF全文

Monika Linek  Silvia Rüfenacht  Chiara Brachelente  Claudia von Tscharner  Claude Favrot  Sylvia Wilhelm  Claudia Nett  Ralf S. Mueller  Ursula Mayer  Monika Welle 《Veterinary dermatology》2015,26(1):40-e13

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Oxidative degradation of lipids during mashing     

Arts MJ  Grun C  de Jong RL  Voss HP  Bast A  Mueller MJ  Haenen GR 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(17):7010-7014

Although hardly any polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are present in the endproduct, the ingredients used for the production of beer contain a high concentration of PUFAs, such as linolic and linolenic acid. These compounds are readily oxidized, resulting in the formation of lipid-derived products that reduce the taste and quality of beer enormously. During mashing relatively high amounts of PUFAs are exposed to atmospheric oxygen at a relatively high temperature. This makes mashing a critical step in the brewing process with regard to the formation of lipid-derived off-taste products. F1 phytoprostane (PPF1) changes in antioxidant capacity and monohydroxy fatty acids (OH-FAs) were used as markers for the detection of oxidative damage to fatty acids during mashing. The pattern of OH-FA formation indicates that enzymatic oxidation of PUFAs is more important than nonenzymatic oxidation during the mashing process. Nevertheless, substantial nonenzymatic radical formation is evident from the increase of specific OH-FAs and PPF1s. It was found that a low oxygen tension reduces oxidative damage and gives a high antioxidant capacity of the mashing mixture. This indicates that mashing should be done under low oxygen pressure.  相似文献   

Aeromonas sobria, a causative agent of disease in farmed perch, Perca fluviatilis L     

Wahli T  Burr SE  Pugovkin D  Mueller O  Frey J 《Journal of fish diseases》2005,28(3):141-150

Significant numbers of perch, Perca fluviatilis, raised on a pilot fish farm in Switzerland presented focal skin lesions on the lateral sides and fin rot. Mortality rates reached levels of up to 1% of the total fish on the farm per day. Virtually pure cultures of Aeromonas sobria were isolated from the liver, kidney, spleen and skin lesions of affected fish. Aeromonas sobria isolated from the farmed perch had a haemolytic effect on sheep and trout erythrocytes, autoaggregated, was cytotoxic for cultured fish cells and possessed genes involved in type III protein secretion. Experimental infection of naive perch with a single colony isolate of A. sobria from an affected farm fish resulted in the development of clinical signs identical to those seen on the farm. The results indicate that A. sobria can act as a primary pathogen of perch.  相似文献   

Effect of Silver Carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Freshwater Mussel Elliptio complanata Filtration on the Phytoplankton Community of Partitioned Aquaculture System Units   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Christopher R.  Mueller Arnold G.  Eversole Hakan  Turker David E.  Brune 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2004,35(3):372-382

Growers produce over 2.8 million kg of catfish (over $350 million wholesale revenue) annually in the United States. The microbiology of the phytoplankton community in culture water affects the growth and flavor of the catfish and is a consideration for growers. Filter feeders, like silver carp and freshwater mussels, in controlled growth systems are used to adjust the phytoplankton species. Our goal was to successfully control the algal populations with filter feeders in catfish production. We used silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix as a filter feeder in Partitioned Aquaculture System (PAS) water. Silver carp completely eliminated the cyanobacteria Microcystis by size and biovolume reduction. This created the desired effect of small green algae dominating the algal community. A significant but opposite change was observed when freshwater mussels Elliptio complanata filtered PAS water resulting in Microcystis biovolume and size dominance in the PAS; a less desirable algal community. This study also showed an immediate shift in the phytoplankton community when silver carp and mussels were interchanged between PAS waters. The size-selective filtration by the two filter-feeding taxa was important in determining the composition of the PAS phytoplankton community, and it was apparent that filtration with silver carp successfully depleted undesirable algae.  相似文献   

Study on the Acute Toxicity of Rare Earth Yttrium to Earthworms under the Stress of Leaching Agent Ammonium Sulfate     

冯秀娟  马彩云  孙峰  鄱洋  朱易春  高咪  阎思诺 《农业科学与技术》2014,(2):177-181,190

[目的]考察浸矿剂硫酸铵（NH4）2SO4胁迫下稀土离子钇的毒性研究。[方法]选择蚯蚓作为土壤生态环境污染指示生物,采用滤纸接触法研究硫酸铵胁迫下稀土钇（ Y）对蚯蚓的急性毒性效应。[结果]①稀土钇单一染毒,蚯蚓的48 h 半致死率浓度为 LC50=213.41 mg/L、24 h半致死率浓度为 LC50=322.63 mg/L。②硫酸铵单一染毒下,蚯蚓的48 h半致死率浓度为 LC50=13.89 g/L、24 h半致死率浓度为LC50=15.05 g/L。③低浓度10 g/L的硫酸铵与稀土钇复合染毒,蚯蚓的48 h半致死率浓度LC50=198.65 g/L、24 h 半致死率浓度 LC50=399.85 g/L;中浓度14 g/L的硫酸铵与稀土钇复合染毒,蚯蚓的48 h半致死率浓度 LC50=167.3 mg/L、24 h半致死率浓度 LC50=256.73 mg/L;高浓度20 g/L的硫酸铵与稀土钇复合染毒,蚯蚓的48 h半致死率浓度 LC50=31.03 mg/L、24 h的LC50=127.65 mg/L。[结论]低浓度的硫酸铵降低稀土钇对蚯蚓的毒性,产生一定的拮抗作用。中浓度的硫酸铵增加稀土钇对蚯蚓的毒性,产生较明显的协同作用。高浓度硫酸铵显著增加了稀土钇对蚯蚓的毒性。稀土钇染毒下蚯蚓死体更易断裂,而活体对针刺反应相对不灵敏。  相似文献