Family Forest Owners’ Familiarity with Conservation Programs in Mississippi,USA     

Edward Mutandwa  Robert K. Grala  Stephen C. Grado  Ian A. Munn 《Small-Scale Forestry》2016,15(3):303-319

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Daily time course of whole-shoot gas exchange rates in two drought-exposed Mediterranean shrubs     

Nogués S  Munné-Bosch S  Casadesús J  López-Carbonell M  Alegre L 《Tree physiology》2001,21(1):51-58

Effects of drought on water relations, whole-shoot gas-exchange characteristics, and pigment and zeatin concentrations were investigated in the Mediterranean shrubs rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) and lavender (Lavandula stoechas L.). Two-year-old, greenhouse-grown plants were placed in a whole-shoot gas-exchange measurement system and subjected to 10 days of drought, resulting in severe water stress, and then re-watered for 5 days in order to study their recovery. Water stress resulted in a significant decline in maximum whole-shoot net CO2 assimilation rates (An) for both species that was associated with reductions in leaf area and stomatal conductance. Because shoot dark respiration rate (Rd) was less sensitive to water stress than An, shoot Rd/An ratio increased from about 15 to 95% during water stress. No major changes in chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations of rosemary leaves were observed during the experiments, but chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations fell significantly in water-stressed lavender leaves. Zeatin concentrations were higher in rosemary leaves than in lavender leaves during water stress. After re-watering, whole-shoot An and Rd rapidly recovered to their pre-drought rates.  相似文献   

Cross-protective immunity and the serological classification system for Bacteroides nodosus     

DJ STEWART  JA VAUGHAN  TC ELLEMAN†  PA HOYNE†  KJ BURNS  JH DUFTY 《Australian veterinary journal》1991,68(2):50-53

The relationship between the serological classification system for serogroup B and for serogroup H of Bacteroides nodosus and cross-protection between subgroups within these serogroups was examined. Protection against ovine footrot following vaccination was achieved against other subgroup strains provided sufficient cross-reactive antibody was induced by shared pilus antigens. Within serogroup B, better cross-protection against one subgroup was obtained with a pili vaccine than a whole cell vaccine which correlated with higher pilus antibody titres induced by the former. For serogroup H, a lack of cross-protection and serological reactivity between subgroups was demonstrated, which indicates that the prototype strain of subgroup H2 should be designated a new serogroup.  相似文献   

Controlling microbial contamination on beef and lamb meat during processing   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

PR WIDDERS  KJ COATES  S. WARNER  JC BEATTIE  IR MORGAN  MW HICKEY† 《Australian veterinary journal》1995,72(6):208-211

SUMMARY The microbiological quality of carcases, meat and environmental surfaces was evaluated in commercial boning rooms processing beef and lamb. There was considerable variation in the level of microbial contamination on both carcases and meat, with counts ranging from less than 20 to 10⁸/cm² on carcases and to 2 times 10⁷/cm² on meat. The level of microbial contamination on meat was influenced by the level of carcase contamination at boning and by the boning process itself. Carcase contamination was the major determinant of microbiological quality, as more than 70% of carcases had microbial counts greater than 10³/cm². Cutting boards were a major source for microbial dissemination during boning, particularly when carcase counts were less than 10³/cm². If carcases were heavily contaminated, the contamination of processing surfaces was irrelevant in determining microbial loads on meat. Where carcase contamination was at low to moderate levels, the contribution of the boning process to the contamination on meat assumed increased significance. Under these conditions, improved sanitation of cutting surfaces in the boning room resulted in a significant reduction in microbial contamination on the surface of meat. These results can form the basis for ensuring that improvements made in carcase management before boning, to improve microbiological quality, will be preserved through attention to cutting board hygiene during boning.  相似文献   

Cytopathic effects of Moraxella bovis on cultured bovine neutrophils and corneal epithelial cells     

G M Kagonyera  L W George  R Munn 《American journal of veterinary research》1989,50(1):10-17

The effects of Moraxella bovis on the morphologic features of purified bovine neutrophils and bovine corneal epithelial cells were examined, using transmission and scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy. Within 2 minutes after incubation of bovine neutrophils with living M bovis, electron microscopic cellular changes included vacuolation, swelling, and loss of microplicae. Most of the neutrophils were lysed by 10 minutes of incubation. Human neutrophils phagocytosed the M bovis and remained intact, even after 30 minutes of incubation with the bacteria. Living M bovis killed bovine corneal epithelial cells in vitro. Sterile filtrates prepared from 6-hour shaker cultures of M bovis also killed bovine corneal epithelial cells, but the cytotoxic activity was less than that produced by the living bacteria. Cellular changes were first observed in specimens collected 1 hour after corneal cell monolayers were inoculated with sterile culture filtrates. The changes in these cells included pit-like lesions on the cellular surface, cellular separation, and vacuolation.  相似文献   

Reply     

KJ SLEE  LR STEPHENS 《Australian veterinary journal》1989,66(5):160-160

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Blood supply of the ovine adrenal gland and its relevance in adrenal autotransplantation     

KJ HARDY  RD WRIGHT  JG McDOUGALL 《Australian veterinary journal》1995,72(7):262-265

SUMMARY The arterial supply and venous drainage of 62 left and 5 right ovine adrenal glands is described, and the contribution of individual arteries to successful adrenal gland autotransplantation was evaluated. Arterial flow was measured by direct collection from the draining adrenal vein. Assessment of function of the transplanted adrenal gland was made from survival of the sheep and by the cortisol response to infusion of ACTH and the aldosterone secretory response to infusion of angiotensin II or potassium. For the left adrenal, the principal arterial supply was from the renal artery in 21 (34%), a lumbar artery in 32 (52%), and the anterior mesenteric artery in 3. The total blood flow was 5.0 ± SEM 0.4 mL/min, the flow from the renal branch 2.3 ± 0.3 mL/min, and the principal lumbar branch 2.6 ± 0.3 mL/min. Venous drainage from the left adrenal was via a major adrenal vein to the left renal vein, but additional tributaries to the renal vein were present in 26% . The arterial supply to the adrenal is regional and omission of a branch at transplantation could result in infarction of portion of the gland. By defining arterial supply and measuring blood flow, selection of the appropriate artery or multiple arteries can achieve an adrenal gland autotransplant survival of 90% .  相似文献   

Cloacal papillomatosis in the absence of herpesvirus and papillomavirus in a sulphur-crested cockatoo (Cacatua galerita)     

BD Gartrell  KJ Morgan  L Howe  JS Munday  AMJ McFadden 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(4):241-243

CASE HISTORY A 21-year-old male sulphur-crested cockatoo (Cacatua galerita) was presented following the sudden appearance of blood associated with the passage of faeces and urates.

CLINICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS: There was fresh blood-staining of the feathers around the vent. The dorsal mucosal wall of the proctodeum was erythematous and roughened in appearance. An endoscopic biopsy was performed, and histological examination revealed multiple fronds of epithelium; the mucosa varied from simple to pseudostratified columnar epithelium, with diffuse hyperplasia of goblet cells. The underlying connective tissue stroma was well vascularised and was infiltrated with mixed inflammatory cells, comprising granulocytic cells and macrophages. PCR testing for both herpesvirus and papillomavirus, using consensus primers, was negative.

DIAGNOSIS: Cloacal papillomatosis.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This case manifested typical clinical signs and histological lesions of cloacal papillomatosis in the absence of demonstrable herpesvirus or papillomavirus. Veterinarians need to consider this disease in the differential diagnosis of blood in the droppings of parrots and cockatoos even in countries where psittacine herpesviruses are exotic diseases.  相似文献   

Aspergillosis in a North Island robin (Petroica longipes)     

M Low  Å Berggren  KJ Morgan  MR Alley 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(6):462-464

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Femtosecond dynamics of electron localization at interfaces     

N Ge  CM Wong  RL Lingle  JD McNeill  KJ Gaffney  CB Harris 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,279(5348):202-205

The dynamics of two-dimensional small-polaron formation at ultrathin alkane layers on a silver(111) surface have been studied with femtosecond time- and angle-resolved two-photon photoemission spectroscopy. Optical excitation creates interfacial electrons in quasi-free states for motion parallel to the interface. These initially delocalized electrons self-trap as small polarons in a localized state within a few hundred femtoseconds. The localized electrons then decay back to the metal within picoseconds by tunneling through the adlayer potential barrier. The energy dependence of the self-trapping rate has been measured and modeled with a theory analogous to electron transfer theory. This analysis determines the inter- and intramolecular vibrational modes of the overlayer responsible for self-trapping as well as the relaxation energy of the overlayer molecular lattice. These results for a model interface contribute to the fundamental picture of electron behavior in weakly bonded solids and can lead to better understanding of carrier dynamics in many different systems, including organic light-emitting diodes.  相似文献