Temporary protection of rainbow trout gill epithelial cells from infection with viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus IVb          下载免费PDF全文

L Al‐Hussinee  PH Pham  S Russell  L Tubbs  C Tafalla  NC Bols  B Dixon  JS Lumsden 《Journal of fish diseases》2016,39(9):1099-1112

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Conventional and contemporary approaches for drought tolerance rice breeding: Progress and prospects     

C Anilkumar  Rameswar Prasad Sah  Radha Beena  Muhammed Azharudheen TP  Awadesh Kumar  Sasmita Behera  NC Sunitha  SK Pradhan  KR Reshmi Raj  Parameswaran C  BC Marndi  Anil Kumar Singh 《Plant Breeding》2023,142(4):418-438

Drought is becoming a major threat to rice farming across the globe owing to the depletion of water tables in rice-growing belts. Drought affects rice plants at multiple stages, causing damage at morphological and physio-biochemical levels, leading to severe losses that exceed losses from all other stresses. The amalgamation of conventional breeding methods with modern molecular biology tools and biometrical methods could help accelerate the genetic gain for drought tolerance in rice. Many drought-tolerance traits with genetic determinants have been identified and exploited for tolerance rice variety breeding. The integration of genome-wide association study and genomic selection tools with speed breeding shortened the breeding cycle and aided in rapid improvement of genetic gain. In this review, we emphasized the progress made through classical breeding as well as the limitations and usefulness of current genomic methods in improving drought tolerance. We briefly addressed methods for identifying genetic determinants for drought tolerance and deploying them through genomics-assisted breeding programmes to develop high-yielding drought-tolerant rice cultivars.  相似文献   

Evaluation of factors associated with second remission in dogs with lymphoma undergoing retreatment with a cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone chemotherapy protocol: 95 cases (2000-2007)     

Flory AB  Rassnick KM  Erb HN  Garrett LD  Northrup NC  Selting KA  Phillips BS  Locke JE  Chretin JD 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2011,238(4):501-506

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Treatment of vascular and soft-tissue sarcomas in dogs using an alternating protocol of ifosfamide and doxorubicin     

S. E. Payne  K. M. Rassnick  N. C. Northrup  O. Kristal  J. D. Chretin  S. M. Cotter  P. Kintzer  A. E. Frimberger  K. E. Morrison-Collister  C. A. Wood  A. S. Moore 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2003,1(4):171-179

A retrospective analysis was done to assess the toxicity and efficacy associated with an alternating chemotherapy protocol of ifosfamide (375 mg m^?2) and doxorubicin (30 mg m^?2) for adjuvant treatment of 39 dogs with sarcomas. Twelve dogs had various soft‐tissue sarcomas and 27 dogs had hemangiosarcoma (HSA). Complete blood counts were evaluated 7 days after the first dose of ifosfamide and doxorubicin. One dog had grade 4 neutropenia (<500 µL^?1) after treatment with ifosfamide and one dog had grade 3 neutropenia (500–1000 µL^?1) after treatment with doxorubicin. One dog treated with doxorubicin was hospitalized for 24 h due to vomiting. The median survival time (ST) for the 27 dogs with HSA treated by surgery and with doxorubicin/ifosfamide was 149 days (mean 366 days). Although the protocol of alternating ifosfamide and doxorubicin was well tolerated, it failed to result in a statistically significant improvement in the ST when compared to a historical population of dogs with stage 2 splenic HSA treated by surgery alone.  相似文献   

Prospective evaluation of the safety of compounded bulk material L‐asparaginase in dogs with lymphoma          下载免费PDF全文

J. Thiman  N. Northrup  C. Saba  D. Clarke  R. Regan  T. Hamilton  H. Lindell  E. Hofmeister 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2016,39(6):572-577

Use of compounded L‐asparaginase became routine in veterinary oncology when manufacturing of Elspar^® was discontinued in 2012. The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety of compounded L‐asparaginase (CLASP, KRS Global Biotechnology, Boca Raton, FL, USA) in comparison with Elspar^® (Lundbeck LLC, Deerfield, IL, USA). In addition, we documented the response to CLASP in combination with a corticosteroid in this population of dogs with lymphoma. Dogs were prospectively treated with 10 000 IU/m² CLASP or Elspar^® subcutaneously. Corticosteroids were administered concurrently. Adverse events (AE) were assessed according to the Veterinary Cooperative Oncology Group Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v1.1 (VCOG‐CTCAE). Response was recorded. Seventy‐three dogs received 75 treatments (CLASP, n = 47; Elspar^®, n = 28). No AE were attributed to CLASP. Grade I and II AE probably or possibly related to treatment were observed following two Elspar^® treatments. The overall response rate to the combination of CLASP and a corticosteroid was 80% (24% CR and 56% PR). In combination with a steroid, the compounded L‐asparaginase evaluated in this study is safe and demonstrates activity against canine lymphoma. In the face of the discontinuation of Elspar^®, veterinarians should seek compounded LASP products that have been tested for activity, purity, and sterility.  相似文献   

Efficacy of Combination Chemotherapy for Treatment of Gastrointestinal Lymphoma in Dogs     

K.M. Rassnick  A.S. Moore  K.E. Collister  N.C. Northrup  O. Kristal  J.D. Chretin  D.B. Bailey 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2009,23(2):317-322

Background: Chemotherapy for multicentric canine lymphoma has favorable results. The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is the most common extranodal site of canine lymphoma, but there have been no prospective studies to determine outcome when dogs with GI lymphoma are treated with chemotherapy.
Hypothesis: Treatment with a multiagent chemotherapy protocol is associated with a poor outcome in dogs with GI lymphoma.
Animals: Eighteen dogs with histologically confirmed GI lymphoma.
Methods: Prospective clinical trial in which dogs with GI lymphoma were treated with a 20-week combination chemotherapy protocol consisting of induction and consolidation phases.
Results: Thirteen dogs had primary GI lymphoma and 5 had multicentric lymphoma with GI involvement. The majority of the lymphomas (63%) were of T-cell origin. Overall remission rate was 56%; 9 dogs achieved a complete remission for a median of 86 days (range, 22–420 days) and 1 dog achieved a partial remission for 26 days. Overall median survival time was 77 days (range, 6–700 days). Dogs that failed to achieve a remission (10 versus 117 days; P = .002) or had diarrhea at initial presentation (70 versus 700 days; P < .001) had shorter survival times.
Conclusion and Clinical Importance: The response and survival of dogs with GI lymphoma treated with multiagent chemotherapy is poor but long-term survival is possible.  相似文献   

A randomized trial investigating the efficacy and safety of water soluble micellar paclitaxel (Paccal Vet) for treatment of nonresectable grade 2 or 3 mast cell tumors in dogs     

Vail DM  von Euler H  Rusk AW  Barber L  Clifford C  Elmslie R  Fulton L  Hirschberger J  Klein M  London C  Martano M  McNiel EA  Morris JS  Northrup N  Phillips B  Polton G  Post G  Rosenberg M  Ruslander D  Sahora A  Siegel S  Thamm D  Westberg S  Winter J  Khanna C 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2012,26(3):598-607

Background

Effective treatments for dogs with advanced stage mast cell tumors (MCT) remain a pressing need. A micellar formulation of paclitaxel (paclitaxel [micellar]) has shown promise in early‐phase studies.

Hypothesis/Objectives

The objective was to demonstrate greater activity for paclitaxel (micellar) compared with lomustine. The null hypothesis was μ_p = μ_L (ie, proportion of responders for the paclitaxel [micellar] and lomustine groups, respectively).

Animals

Two hundred and fifty‐two dogs with advanced stage nonresectable grade 2 or 3 MCT.

Methods

Prospective multicenter randomized double‐blind positive‐controlled clinical trial. The primary endpoint was confirmed overall response rate (CORR) at 14 weeks. A secondary endpoint, biologic observed response rate (BORR), also was calculated. Safety was assessed by the characterization and grading of adverse events (AE).

Results

Overall CORR (7% versus 1%; P = .048) and BORR (23% versus 10%; P = .012) were greater for paclitaxel (micellar) compared with lomustine. Paclitaxel (micellar)‐treated dogs were 6.5 times more likely to have a confirmed response and 3.1 times more likely to experience a biologic observed response. The majority of AE with paclitaxel (micellar) were transient and clinically manageable. Twenty‐seven dogs (33%) receiving lomustine were discontinued because of hepatopathy compared with 3 dogs (2%) receiving paclitaxel (micellar) (P < .0001; odds ratio 26.7).

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Paclitaxel (micellar)'s activity and safety profile are superior to lomustine. The addition of an active and novel taxane to the veterinary armamentarium could fill a substantial need and, as its mechanism of action and AE profile do not overlap with currently available TKI, its availability could lead to effective combination protocols.  相似文献   

Mechanism of leaf‐cutting ant colony suppression by fipronil used in attractive toxic baits          下载免费PDF全文

Lailla C Gandra  Karina D Amaral  Joel C Couceiro  Terezinha MC Della Lucia  Raul NC Guedes 《Pest management science》2016,72(8):1475-1481

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Hepatotoxicity associated with CCNU (lomustine) chemotherapy in dogs     

Kristal O  Rassnick KM  Gliatto JM  Northrup NC  Chretin JD  Morrison-Collister K  Cotter SM  Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2004,18(1):75-80

One hundred seventy-nine tumor-bearing dogs were treated with 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) between 1995 and 2001. CCNU was given as a single dose of 50-110 mg/m2 body surface area PO. Treatment interval varied, but the minimal interval between CCNU doses was 3 weeks. After treatment, 11 dogs (6.1%) developed hepatic toxicity. The median number of CCNU doses and the median total cumulative CCNU dose were significantly higher in dogs that developed hepatic toxicity (4 doses; 350 mg/m2) than in dogs without hepatic damage (3 doses; 230 mg/m2). Median duration to detection of hepatic toxicity from the last dose of CCNU was 11 weeks (range 2-49 weeks). Common biochemical abnormalities were abnormally high serum liver enzyme activities and hypoalbuminemia. Six dogs with CCNU-associated hepatic toxicity had ascites, and 3 dogs had concurrent pleural effusion. Serum concentrations of bile acids were abnormally high in 4 of 5 dogs tested. Percutaneous ultrasound-guided liver biopsies were performed in 10 dogs, and findings were nonspecific and chronic in nature. Seven dogs were euthanized because of progressive liver failure, and their median survival from diagnosis of liver disease was 9 weeks. Three dogs died of other causes and 1 dog of unknown cause. Although clinical signs resolved in 3 dogs, biochemical abnormalities and histopathologic lesions persisted 4 to 38 months from the time of diagnosis of liver disease. Our findings suggest that CCNU can cause delayed, cumulative dose-related, chronic hepatotoxicity that is irreversible and can be fatal.  相似文献   

Improved Detection of Reproductive Status in Dairy Cows Using Milk Progesterone Measurements     

NC Friggens  M Bjerring  C Ridder  S Højsgaard  T Larsen 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2008,43(S2):113-121

This study tested a model for predicting reproductive status from in-line milk progesterone `measurements. The model is that of Friggens and Chagunda [Theriogenology 64 (2005) 155]. Milk progesterone measurements (n = 55 036) representing 578 lactations from 380 cows were used to test the model. Two types of known oestrus were identified: (1) confirmed oestrus (at which insemination resulted in a confirmed pregnancy, n = 121) and (2) ratified oestrus (where the shape of the progesterone profile matched that of the average progesterone profile of a confirmed oestrus, n = 679). The model detected 99.2% of the confirmed oestruses. This included a number of cases (n = 16) where the smoothed progesterone did not decrease below 4 ng/ml. These cows had significantly greater concentrations of progesterone, both minimum and average, suggesting that between cow variation exists in the absolute level of the progesterone profile. Using ratified oestruses, model sensitivity was 93.3% and specificity was 93.7% for detection of oestrus. Examination of false positives showed that they were largely associated with low concentrations of progesterone, fluctuating around the 4 ng/ml threshold. The distribution of time from insemination until the model detected pregnancy failure had a median of 22 days post-insemination. In this test, the model was run using limited inputs, the potential benefits of including additional non-progesterone information were not evaluated. Despite this, the model performed at least as well as other oestrus detection systems.  相似文献