Finding of Neospora caninum in the wild brown rat (Rattus norvegicus)     

Huang CC  Yang CH  Watanabe Y  Liao YK  Ooi HK 《Veterinary research》2004,35(3):283-290

Nine rats (16.4%) out of 55 (Rattus norvegicus) from cattle farms were seropositive to Neospora caninum. Two of the seropositive rats were also PCR positive but all were negative by immunohistochemistry and PAS staining. The brains of all the captured rats were homogenized and initially inoculated intraperitoneally into nude mice or into SPF ICR mice, which had been immunosuppressed with prednisolone. One mouse that was inoculated with brain material from a seropositive rat became infected with N. caninum, as demonstrated by the presence of a tissue cyst in the brain and confirmed by immunohistochemistry and PCR. This is the first finding of N. caninum in naturally infected farm rats. The findings show that natural N. caninum infection occurs in wild brown rats and thus rats may serve as a reservoir for the protozoan on the cattle farm.  相似文献   

Chemical immobilisation of giraffe to facilitate short procedures     

L. VOGELNEST  HK RALPH 《Australian veterinary journal》1997,75(3):180-182

Objective To describe the chemical immobilisation of giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) for short procedures at Taronga Zoo. Design A clinical report. Animals Five giraffe. Procedure The weight of each animal was determined and pre-immobilisation fasting, careful preparation of the site, and planning were carried out prior to each procedure. Etorphine and acetylpromazine were used as the sole immobilising agents. During immobilisation, elevation of the head and constant monitoring of the heart rate, respiratory rate and temperature were employed; blood pressure and blood oxygen saturation (Sp₂) were monitored in one case 5. Intravenous fluids were administered. None of the animals was intubated, and supplemental oxygen was administered via an intranasal cannula in case 5. At the end of the procedures, diprenorphine was administered to reverse immobilisation. Results Induction times were 8 to 15 min. The mean heart rate, respiratory rate and rectal temperature were 58.6 beats per min, 12.2 breaths per min and 37.1°C₂ respectively. SpO₂ in case 5 increased to over 90% with the administration of supplemental oxygen. Recovery to standing after reversal of immobilisation was rapid (2 or 3 min) in three cases, but took 30 and 31 min in the other two. Conclusions Successful immobilisation of giraffe relies on consideration of all variables prior to and during the procedure. Careful selection and preparation of the venue and presence of sufficient numbers of adequately trained personnel are essential. Body weight determination allows accurate calculation of immobilising agent dose. Pre-immobilisation fasting followed by elevation of head and neck help preclude regurgitation and aspiration. Relevant vital signs monitoring, fluid replacement and oxygen supplementation promote cardiopulmonary homeostasis. Preoperative planning to ensure efficient performance of the procedure helps minimise recumbency time and increases the likelihood of a successful outcome.  相似文献   

Serological survey and first finding of Neospora caninum in Taiwan, and the detection of its antibodies in various body fluids of cattle   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

Ooi HK  Huang CC  Yang CH  Lee SH 《Veterinary parasitology》2000,90(1-2):47-55

A serological survey for antibodies against Neospora caninum in cattle, goats and farm dogs in Taiwan was carried out. Sera of 613 cattle from 25 dairy farms, 24 goats from six goat farms and 13 dogs from six dairy cattle farms were tested for antibodies against N. caninum using indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT). The same sera were also tested for antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii using latex agglutination test. Of the 613 cattle sera, 44.9% (275/613) were found to have antibodies against N. caninum. Among these 275 positive cattle, 77 also possessed antibodies against T. gondii. Nevertheless, 92 cattle which were negative for N. caninum showed antibodies against T. gondii. Of the 24 goat sera tested, none was found to be positive for N. caninum but 50% (12/24) were positive for T. gondii. Of the 13 farm dogs tested, three were found to possess antibodies against N. caninum, two of which tested negative for T. gondii antibodies. Besides sera, antibodies to N. caninum in cattle could be observed in the milk, vaginal secretion and saliva. However, the order of higher frequency of antibodies detection is in sera, milk, vaginal secretion and saliva. This is the first demonstration of the presence of antibodies to N. caninum in vaginal secretion and saliva of cattle. A 50microm cyst was observed in the brain of one of the 13 prednisolone-treated SPF ICR mice which had been peritoneally inoculated 4 months earlier with the brain homogenate of a serologically N. caninum positive but T. gondii negative cattle. Thus, we have confirmed for the first time the presence of N. caninum in Taiwan and also observed that it is widespread among dairy cattle and farm dogs.  相似文献   

First molecular detection of porcine bocavirus in Malaysia     

Daniel Mohan Jacob  Chee Yien Lee  Siti Suri Arshad  Gayathri Thevi Selvarajah  Faruku Bande  Bee Lee Ong  Peck Toung Ooi 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(4):733-739

Several strains of porcine bocaviruses have been reported worldwide since their first detection in Sweden in 2009. Subsequently, the virus has been reported to be associated with gastrointestinal and respiratory signs in weaner and grower pigs. Although Malaysia is host to a self-sufficient swine livestock industry, there is no study that describes porcine bocavirus in the country. This report is the first to describe porcine bocavirus (PBoV) in Malaysian swine herds. PBoV was identified in various tissues from sick and runt pigs using the conventional PCR method with primers targeting conserved regions encoding for the nonstructural protein (NS1) gene. Out of 103 samples tested from 17 pigs, 32 samples from 15 pigs were positive for porcine bocavirus. In addition, a higher detection rate was identified from mesenteric lymph nodes (52.9%), followed by tonsil (37.0%), and lungs (33.3%). Pairwise comparison and phylogenetic analyses based on a 658-bp fragment of NS1 gene revealed that the Malaysian PBoV strains are highly similar to PBoV3 isolated in Minnesota, USA. The presence of porcine bocavirus in Malaysia and their phylogenetic bond was marked for the first time by this study. Further studies will establish the molecular epidemiology of PBoV in Malaysia and clarify pathogenicity of the local isolates.  相似文献   

Compression of Ice to 210 Gigapascals: Infrared Evidence for a Symmetric Hydrogen-Bonded Phase     

AF Goncharov  VV Struzhkin  MS Somayazulu  RJ Hemley  HK Mao 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1996,273(5272):218-220

Protonated and deuterated ices (H2O and D2O) compressed to a maximum pressure of 210 gigapascals at 85 to 300 kelvin exhibit a phase transition at 60 gigapascals in H2O ice (70 gigapascals in D2O ice) on the basis of their infrared reflectance spectra determined with synchrotron radiation. The transition is characterized by soft-mode behavior of the nu3 O-H or O-D stretch below the transition, followed by a hardening (positive pressure shift) above it. This behavior is interpreted as the transformation of ice phase VII to a structure with symmetric hydrogen bonds. The spectroscopic features of the phase persisted to the maximum pressures (210 gigapascals) of the measurements, although changes in vibrational mode coupling were observed at 150 to 160 gigapascals.  相似文献   

Isolation and characterization of a bioactive mannose-binding protein from the Chinese chive Allium tuberosum   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Ooi LS  Yu H  Chen CM  Sun SS  Ooi VE 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(4):696-700

A mannose-binding protein was isolated from two different cultivars of the Chinese chive Allium tuberosum by extraction with 0.2 M NaCl, ammonium sulfate precipitation, and affinity chromatography on mannose agarose and fetuin agarose. It exhibited hemagglutinating activity toward rabbit erythrocytes. The lectin (agglutinin) was adsorbed on the mannose-agarose column, but not on the fetuin-agarose column. This A. tuberosum lectin (ATL) is unglycosylated, and not sialic acid binding. Lectins isolated from the two cultivars exhibited the same molecular mass of 25 kDa on gel filtration (Superose 12) and 12.5 kDa on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, indicating that they might be a dimeric protein composed of two identical subunits. The N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis of the lectin of various cultivars of A. tuberosum revealed that they were identical and showed 50%, or more, homology to the lectins from Galanthus nivalis (family Amaryllidaceae), Narcissus tazetta (family Amaryllidaceae), and Aloe arborescenes (family Liliaceae).  相似文献   

Evaluation of antioxidative activity of extracts from a brown seaweed,Sargassum siliquastrum   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Lim SN  Cheung PC  Ooi VE  Ang PO 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(13):3862-3866

Antioxidative activities of the extracts from Sargassum siliquastrum were determined using the inhibition of red blood cell (RBC) hemolysis induced by 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) radicals, suppression of lipid peroxidation using rat brain homogenate, and scavenging activity of superoxide radicals. The dichloromethane fraction isolated from the methanol crude extract by differential solvent extractions exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity in both RBC hemolysis and lipid peroxidation assays. This fraction was further fractionated into four subfractions F1-F4 by silica gel column chromatography. F1 was found to be most effective in protecting RBC against AAPH radicals and in inhibiting lipid peroxidation. On the basis of thin-layer chromatography and UV and IR spectra analyses, all subfractions contained phenolic compounds. However, there was no correlation between the above antioxidant potency and total phenolic compounds estimated by using the Folin-Ciocalteau method.  相似文献