Isolation of bovine herpesvirus type 5 from the semen of a healthy bull in Australia     

IS Diallo  GR Hewitson  J Hoad  S Turner  BG Corney  BJ Rodwell 《Australian veterinary journal》2010,88(3):93-95

Artificial insemination is widely used in the cattle industry and a major challenge is to ensure that semen is free of infectious agents. A healthy donor bull was tested for freedom from infectious agents. A bovine herpesvirus was isolated in testis cells and identified as bovine herpesvirus type 5 (BoHV-5) by polymerase chain reaction and by direct amplicon sequencing. The amplicon sequence shared 100% similarity with the published sequence of BoHV-5. This is the first report in Australia of BoHV-5 in semen. The implications of this finding are discussed.  相似文献   

Biomass equations for selected drought-tolerant eucalypts in South Africa     

Darius Phiri  Pierre Ackerman  Brand Wessels  Ben du Toit  Marie Johansson  Harald Säll 《Southern Forests》2015,77(4):255-262

In the water-scarce environment of South Africa, drought-tolerant eucalypt species have the potential to contribute to the timber and biomass resource. Biomass functions are a necessary prerequisite to predict yield and carbon sequestration. In this study preliminary biomass models for Eucalyptus cladocalyx, E. gomphocephala and E. grandis · E. camaldulensis from the dry West Coast of South Africa were developed. The study was based on 33 trees, which were destructively sampled for biomass components (branchwood, stems, bark and foliage). Simultaneous regression equations based on seemingly unrelated regression were fitted to estimate biomass while ensuring additivity. Models were of the classical allometric form, ln(Y) = a+x₁ln(dbh)+x₂ln(h), of which the best models explained between 70% and 98% of the variation of the predicted biomass quantities. A general model for the pooled data of all species showed a good fit as well as robust model behaviour. The average biomass proportions of the stemwood, bark, branches and foliage were 60%, 6%, 29% and 5%, respectively.  相似文献   

Some aspects of stray dog behaviour in an urban fringe area     

BJ. COMAN  JL. ROBINSON 《Australian veterinary journal》1989,66(1):30-32

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Failure to detect infection of the bovine foetus after inoculation of a prototype Australian strain of bovine herpesvirus 1     

PL YOUNG  JL SWEENEY  GA SMITH  BJ RODWELL 《Australian veterinary journal》1994,71(3):92-93

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Inclusion body hepatitis associated with an adenovirus in racing pigeons in Australia     

PJ KETTERER  BJ TIMMINS  HC PRIOR  JG DINGLE 《Australian veterinary journal》1992,69(4):90-91

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Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae infection of guinea fowl (Numida meleagris)     

GW CAMPBELL  JD TAYLOR  BJ HARROWER 《Australian veterinary journal》1992,69(1):13-13

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Survival advantage of cyromazine‐resistant sheep blowfly larvae on dicyclanil‐ and cyromazine‐treated Merinos     

GW Levot  BJ Langfield  DJ Aiken 《Australian veterinary journal》2014,92(11):421-426

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Comparison of the measurement of heart rate in adult free‐range chickens (Gallus domesticus) by auscultation and electrocardiography     

CF Smith  BJ Gavaghan  D McSweeney  V Powell  A Lisle 《Australian veterinary journal》2014,92(12):509-511

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Concentrations of faecal coliforms,Escherichia coli,enterococci and Campylobacter spp. in equine faeces     

EM Moriarty  M Downing  J Bellamy  BJ Gilpin 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(2):104-109

Abstract

AIMS: To determine the concentration of Campylobacter spp. as well as faecal indicator bacteria; faecal coliforms, Escherichia coli and enterococci in the faeces of healthy adult horses in a sample of properties in the Canterbury region of New Zealand.

METHODS: The faeces of healthy adult horses (n=59), including ponies, pleasure horses and Thoroughbreds, were collected from eight properties around Christchurch, New Zealand. The faeces were analysed for concentrations of Campylobacter spp and faecal indicator bacteria; faecal coliforms, Escherichia coli and enterococci. The presence of other animals on the properties sampled as well as the age, feed and health of the horses at the time of sampling was recorded.

RESULTS: Enterococci and faecal coliforms were isolated from all samples, and E. coli was isolated from 58/59 samples. Mean concentrations of faecal coliforms and E. coli did not differ between properties, but there was a significant difference in mean concentration of enterococci between properties. Campylobacter spp. were detected in two faecal samples with one isolate being determined by PCR analysis to be a thermotolerant Campylobacter species, the other C. jejuni.

CONCLUSIONS: This is the first known report quantifying the concentration of Campylobacter spp. present in healthy adult horses in New Zealand. The presence of equine faecal material in water could elevate concentrations of faecal bacteria and therefore needs to be considered as a source of water contamination. The access of horses to waterways and coastal environments may also need to be restricted to prevent transmission of faecal indicator bacteria and potentially zoonotic agents.  相似文献   

Excretion of loline alkaloids in urine and faeces of sheep dosed with meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis) seed containing high concentrations of loline alkaloids     

SR Gooneratne  BJ Patchett  M Wellby  LR Fletcher 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(3):176-182

Abstract

AIM: To determine the effect of oral dosing of sheep with loline alkaloids on their excretion in urine and faeces, and to monitor for any toxic effects.

METHODS: In Experiment 1, six 9-month-old ewe lambs were given a single oral dose of loline alkaloids (52 mg/kg bodyweight (BW); acute exposure) as a suspension of ground meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis) seed in water. In Experiment 2, on six consecutive days, six ewe lambs were given three doses of loline (68 mg/kg BW/day; chronic exposure). Blood was collected at variable intervals up to 72 h in Experiment 1, and up to 8 days in Experiment 2, for haematology and measurement of alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransaminase, creatine kinase and γ-glutamyl transferase in plasma. Urine and faecal samples were collected at similar times for measurement of creatinine in urine and loline alkaloid analysis. A post mortem with histopathology was carried out on two animals at the end of each experiment.

RESULTS: The loline alkaloids, N-acetyl norloline, N-formyl loline, N-acetyl loline, N-methyl loline and loline base were detected in urine within 15 minutes after the single dosing. N-formyl loline and loline base were the predominant metabolites in urine in both experiments. The total quantity of lolines excreted in both urine and faeces was 10% and 4% of the amount dosed in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. In both experiments, the clinical chemistry parameters in blood and urine were within normal ranges. Post-mortem and histopathological examination did not show any abnormalities.

CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of loline alkaloid profiles in both urine and faeces of sheep. The appearance of loline alkaloids and the loline base in urine within 15 minutes suggests rapid uptake, metabolism and excretion. Loline alkaloids were non-toxic to sheep at the concentrations they are exposed to under New Zealand grazing conditions. The low recovery of loline alkaloids in urine and faeces in the absence of toxicity signs suggests lolines are extensively metabolised; probably to forms other than N-formyl loline, N-methyl loline, N-acetyl loline, N-acetyl norloline, and loline base in the digestive tract of sheep prior to absorption, and/or in the liver or other tissues following absorption.  相似文献