Mentoring. Linking student interests to science curricula     

Denofrio LA  Russell B  Lopatto D  Lu Y 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,318(5858):1872-1873

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Climate impact of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Hansen J  Johnson D  Lacis A  Lebedeff S  Lee P  Rind D  Russell G 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1981,213(4511):957-966

The global temperature rose by 0.2 degrees C between the middle 1960's and 1980, yielding a warming of 0.4 degrees C in the past century. This temperature increase is consistent with the calculated greenhouse effect due to measured increases of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Variations of volcanic aerosols and possibly solar luminosity appear to be primary causes of observed fluctuations about the mean trend of increasing temperature. It is shown that the anthropogenic carbon dioxide warming should emerge from the noise level of natural climate variability by the end of the century, and there is a high probability of warming in the 1980's. Potential effects on climate in the 21st century include the creation of drought-prone regions in North America and central Asia as part of a shifting of climatic zones, erosion of the West Antarctic ice sheet with a consequent worldwide rise in sea level, and opening of the fabled Northwest Passage.  相似文献   

THE VALUE OF AN ANIMAL BARRIER IN MALARIA CONTROL     

Russell PF 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1933,78(2014):101-102

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Melanopsin is required for non-image-forming photic responses in blind mice     

Panda S  Provencio I  Tu DC  Pires SS  Rollag MD  Castrucci AM  Pletcher MT  Sato TK  Wiltshire T  Andahazy M  Kay SA  Van Gelder RN  Hogenesch JB 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,301(5632):525-527

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Implantation of genetically engineered fibroblasts into mice: implications for gene therapy   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

R F Selden  M J Skoskiewicz  K B Howie  P S Russell  H M Goodman 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1987,236(4802):714-718

In a variety of human genetic diseases, replacement of the absent or defective protein provides significant therapeutic benefits. As a model for a somatic cell gene therapy system, cultured murine fibroblasts were transfected with a human growth hormone (hGH) fusion gene and cells from one of the resulting clonal lines were subsequently implanted into various locations in mice. Such implants synthesized and secreted hGH, which was detectable in the serum. The function of the implants depended on their location and size, and on the histocompatibility of the donor cells with their recipients. The expression of hGH could be modified by addition of regulatory effectors, and, with appropriate immunosuppression, the implants survived for more than 3 months. This approach to gene therapy, here termed "transkaryotic implantation," is potentially applicable to many genetic diseases in that the transfected cell line can be extensively characterized prior to implantation, several anatomical sites are suitable for implantation, and regulated expression of the gene of therapeutic interest can be obtained.  相似文献   

Diphosphonates inhibit formation of calcium phosphate crystals in vitro and pathological calcification in vivo   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

M D Francis  R G Russell  H Fleisch 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1969,165(899):1264-1266

Two diphosphonates containing the P-C-P bond, CH(3)C(OH)(PO(3)HNa)(2) and H(2)C(PO(3)HNa)(2), inhibit the crystallization of calcium phosphate in vitro and prevent aortic calcification of rats given large amounts of vitamin D(3). The diphosphonates therefore have effects similar to those described for compounds containing the P-O-P bond but are active when administered orally.  相似文献   

Active transport of potassium and chloride in an identifiable molluscan neuron   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

J M Russell  A M Brown 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1972,175(29):1475-1477

Direct measurements of intracellular K(+) and Cl(-)activities before and after blockage of cellular metabolic processes indicate that K(+) is actively transported inwardly and Cl(-)is actively transported outwardly from the giant cell of the abdominal ganglion of Aplysia. The rewarming of cells that have been cooled to 1 degrees +/- 1 degrees C causes K(+) to be taken up and Cl(-) to be extruded against electrochemical gradients.  相似文献   

THE STUDY OF AN ULTRAVIOLET TRANSMITTING MATERIAL     

Russell WC  Massengale ON 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1927,65(1695):619

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Sequence interpretation. Functional annotation of mouse genome sequences     

Nadeau JH  Balling R  Barsh G  Beier D  Brown SD  Bucan M  Camper S  Carlson G  Copeland N  Eppig J  Fletcher C  Frankel WN  Ganten D  Goldowitz D  Goodnow C  Guenet JL  Hicks G  Hrabe de Angelis M  Jackson I  Jacob HJ  Jenkins N  Johnson D  Justice M  Kay S  Kingsley D  Lehrach H  Magnuson T  Meisler M  Poustka A  Rinchik EM  Rossant J  Russell LB  Schimenti J  Shiroishi T  Skarnes WC  Soriano P  Stanford W  Takahashi JS  Wurst W  Zimmer A;International Mouse Mutagenesis Consortium 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2001,291(5507):1251-1255

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The structure and receptor binding properties of the 1918 influenza hemagglutinin   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Gamblin SJ  Haire LF  Russell RJ  Stevens DJ  Xiao B  Ha Y  Vasisht N  Steinhauer DA  Daniels RS  Elliot A  Wiley DC  Skehel JJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,303(5665):1838-1842

The 1918 influenza pandemic resulted in about 20 million deaths. This enormous impact, coupled with renewed interest in emerging infections, makes characterization of the virus involved a priority. Receptor binding, the initial event in virus infection, is a major determinant of virus transmissibility that, for influenza viruses, is mediated by the hemagglutinin (HA) membrane glycoprotein. We have determined the crystal structures of the HA from the 1918 virus and two closely related HAs in complex with receptor analogs. They explain how the 1918 HA, while retaining receptor binding site amino acids characteristic of an avian precursor HA, is able to bind human receptors and how, as a consequence, the virus was able to spread in the human population.  相似文献