Phage types, ribotypes and tetracycline resistance genes of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium strains isolated from different origins in Italy     

Pasquali F  De Cesare A  Ricci A  Kehrenberg C  Schwarz S  Manfreda G 《Veterinary microbiology》2004,103(1-2):71-76

The tetracycline resistance (tet) gene patterns of 52 tetracycline resistant Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (S.) serovar Typhimurium isolates collected from animals, food of animal origin, and humans in Italy, were investigated to evaluate whether the tet gene patterns could be used for strain differentiation in addition to phage typing and ribotyping. The detection of tet genes was performed by specific PCR assays. Ribotyping was performed automatically using PvuII as restriction enzyme. Ten different ribotyping patterns were detected. All isolates were positive for at least one of the tet genes studied and six different tet gene patterns were observed. Ribotyping and tet gene patterns showed discriminatory indices of 0.741 and 0.812, respectively. Multiple tet genes were commonly found among tetracycline resistant S. typhimurium isolates from various sources. The resulting tet gene patterns allowed further discrimination of strains which were otherwise indistinguishable by their phage type, ribotype and origin. Thus, the analysis of tet gene patterns might represent an additional tool for the differentiation of S. typhimurium isolates.  相似文献   

Diagnostic imaging: from art to science?     

Schwarz T 《The Journal of small animal practice》2006,47(11):641-642

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Effects of different media on proliferation and differentiation capacity of canine, equine and porcine adipose derived stem cells     

Schwarz C  Leicht U  Rothe C  Drosse I  Luibl V  Röcken M  Schieker M 《Research in veterinary science》2012,93(1):457-462

Adult stem cells are of particular interest for therapeutic use in the field of regenerative medicine. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) are an attractive stem cell source for all fields of regenerative medicine because adipose tissue - and therewith cells - can easily be harvested from each donor. However, common expansion using fetal bovine serum (FBS) can not be used for clinical applications as xenogenic proteins must be avoided. Adipose tissue from equine, canine and porcine donors was digested with collagenase to isolate ASCs. ASCs were either expanded in a cell culture medium supplemented with FBS or in a serum-free medium (UltraCulture; UC) supplemented with a serum substitute (UltroserG). From all three animal species, the adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation potential of ASCs cultured with different media was analyzed in vitro. Cell proliferation analysis showed a population doubling time of 48-68 h for canine cells, 54-65 h for porcine cells and 54-70 h for equine cells, expanded in different media. Except for porcine ASCs, cells cultured in media supplemented with FBS grew faster than cells expanded in UC medium with UltroserG. Yet, all cells maintained their potential to differentiate into adipocytes and osteoblasts. UltraCulture medium containing UltroserG can for all examined species be recommended if FBS needs to be avoided in the expansion of donor-derived (stem) cells.  相似文献   

Nonsuppurative encephalitis in a dog     

Schöniger S  Klose K  Werner H  Schwarz BA  Müller T  Schoon HA 《Veterinary pathology》2012,49(4):731-734

A 4-year-old male German Hunting Terrier presented with tremor, dyspnea, trismus, spasms of the musculature of the larynx and pharynx, and hypothermia and subsequently died despite intensive clinical care. Prior clinical signs included vomitus and diarrhea. Microscopic examination of the brain revealed a multifocal nonsuppurative brain stem encephalitis; a few intralesional neurons contained intranuclear inclusions. By immunohistochemistry, Aujeszky disease virus (Suid herpesvirus 1) antigen was detected in neurons in the brain and in ganglion cells of the trigeminal ganglia. Viral culture of brain tissue confirmed the presence of Aujeszky disease virus. Histopathologic findings in the brain with the identification of Aujeszky disease virus by immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction are consistent with Aujeszky disease virus-induced encephalitis. Sequencing revealed a 100% homology of the isolated Aujeszky disease virus with Aujeszky disease virus isolates of wild boar from Eastern Germany.  相似文献   

Effect of a rumen-protected conjugated linoleic acid mixture on hepatic lipid metabolism in heifers     

Shibani M  Schlegel G  Most E  Schwarz FJ  Ringseis R  Eder K 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2012,96(3):527-534

This study was performed to assess the effects of rumen-protected conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on hepatic lipid metabolism in heifers. In particular, it was of interest whether feeding CLA causes development of fatty liver as observed recently in mice. Thirty-six growing heifers with an initial body weight of 185 kg were allotted to three treatment groups and fed daily 250 g of different rumen-protected fats for 16 weeks: The control group received 250 g of a CLA-free control fat, the CLA100 group received 100 g of a CLA fat containing 2.4% of cis-9, trans-11 CLA and 2.1% of trans-10, cis-12 CLA and 150 g control fat and the CLA250 group received 250 g of the CLA fat. CLA supplementation had no effect on animal performance parameters, liver weight and hepatic triglyceride concentration. Moreover, mRNA expression of hepatic genes involved in lipogenesis, β-oxidation and fatty acid transport was not influenced by dietary CLA. The fatty acid composition of hepatic total lipids, with particular consideration of ratios of fatty acids indicative of Δ9-, Δ6- and Δ5-desaturation, was also less influenced by dietary CLA. In conclusion, the study shows that dietary rumen-protected CLA has less effect on hepatic lipid metabolism in young heifers and does not induce the development of a fatty liver such as in mice.  相似文献   

Diagnostic value of the neutrophil myeloperoxidase index in horses with systemic inflammation     

Schwarz BC  van den Hoven R  Schwendenwein I 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2012,191(1):72-78

The myeloperoxidase index (MPXI) was investigated as a diagnostic indicator of systemic inflammation in a retrospective study using data from 859 hospitalised horses. A reference interval of 8.5-10.4 for the MPXI was established. In horses with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), the MPXI was significantly lower than in healthy horses, those with localised inflammation and those with sepsis. The MPXI in horses with sepsis was also significantly lower than in healthy animals and those with localised inflammation. Horses in the SIRS group with leucopenia, white blood cell (WBC) count within the reference interval (WRI) or leucocytosis had significantly lower MPXIs than healthy horses, those with localised inflammation and those with sepsis in the same WBC count subgroups. In horses with sepsis and WBC count WRI, the MPXI was significantly lower than in healthy horses or those with localised inflammation. MPXI is a useful complementary tool to identify horses with systemic inflammation, especially if they have WBC counts WRI.  相似文献   

COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF BASIHYOID ECTOPIC THYROID CARCINOMA IN DOGS     

F Rossi  E Caleri  B Bacci  R Drees  A Groth  G Hammond  M Vignoli  T Schwarz 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2013,54(6):575-581

Eight dogs with a firm, nonpainful swelling in the ventral laryngeal region and with a final diagnosis of ectopic thyroid carcinoma were investigated by Computed Tomography (CT) at six different institutions. Computed Tomography findings were reviewed, focusing on lesion volume, shape, margins, relationship with surrounding structures and adjacent vessels, attenuation characteristics, and presence of metastases. Ectopic thyroid carcinomas were seen as oval‐to‐bilobed masses centered on the basihyoid bone with associated bone lysis, highly vascularized capsules with central poorly contrast enhancing areas. In all cases there was laryngeal wall infiltration, in two dogs invasion of the laryngeal lumen and in one case invasion of the ventral muscular and subcutaneous plane. Metastases were found in retropharyngeal lymph nodes (three cases) and in the lung (two cases). Ectopic thyroid carcinoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis when a mass in the basihyoid region is present. Described CT features may be typical for ectopic thyroid neoplasia and could be used to help decide the therapeutic plan.  相似文献   

Influence of climate and abundance on migration timing of adult Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) among rivers in Newfoundland and Labrador          下载免费PDF全文

Brian Dempson  Carl J. Schwarz  Ian R. Bradbury  Martha J. Robertson  Geoffrey Veinott  Rebecca Poole  Eugene Colbourne 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2017,26(2):247-259

Evidence mounts for the influence of climate variability on temporal trends in the phenology of many organisms including various species of fish. Accordingly, we examined variation in adult Atlantic salmon Salmo salar run timing in thirteen Newfoundland and Labrador rivers where returns were monitored at fishways or fish‐counting fences. Run timing varied significantly among rivers with the median date of return differing by up to 5 weeks. Duration of runs was generally short with most adults returning over a period of three to 5 weeks. A mixed model analysis incorporating a first‐order autoregressive error structure was used to generalise changes in run timing among all monitored rivers. Results indicated that the median date of return has advanced by almost 12 days over a 35‐year interval from 1978 to 2012, while several individual rivers have advanced by almost 21 days. The influence of climate on median timing was evident when the simultaneous effects of both climate and salmon abundance were controlled. We found earlier runs associated with overall warmer climate conditions on the Newfoundland and Labrador Shelf. Results contrast with those from the north‐east Atlantic where Atlantic salmon are returning later in some rivers coincident with warming climate conditions.  相似文献   

A proposal of clinical breakpoints for amoxicillin applicable to porcine respiratory tract pathogens     

Schwarz S  Böttner A  Goossens L  Goosens L  Hafez HM  Hartmann K  Kaske M  Kehrenberg C  Kietzmann M  Klarmann D  Klein G  Krabisch P  Luhofer G  Richter A  Schulz B  Sigge C  Waldmann KH  Wallmann J  Werckenthin C 《Veterinary microbiology》2008,126(1-3):178-188

In the present position paper, an attempt was made to establish clinical breakpoints of amoxicillin to classify porcine respiratory tract pathogens as susceptible, intermediate or resistant based on their minimum inhibitory concentrations of amoxicillin. For this, a thorough review of the published literature with regard to swine-specific pharmacological data (including dosages of amoxicillin applied and routes of administration used), clinical efficacy, and in vitro susceptibility of the target pathogens was performed. Based on the comparative analysis of the results, the working group "Antibiotic Resistance" of the German Veterinary Medical Society (DVG) proposed to classify porcine respiratory tract pathogens that show MIC values of amoxicillin of < or =0.5microg/ml as "susceptible", those with MICs of 1microg/ml as "intermediate", and those with MICs of > or =2microg/ml as "resistant".  相似文献   

Concerned about increasing veterinary technician shortage     

Schwarz D  Klein L  Weinstein S  Rabaut S  Murtaugh B  Smith T 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2008,233(7):1053; author reply 1053-1053; author reply 1054

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