A survey of bone integrity from cull sows in Ireland     

Ryan W  Lynch P  O'Doherty J 《Irish veterinary journal》2010,63(12):754-758

The objective of this study was to examine the differences in sow metacarpal properties through various parities and to compare the incidence of locomotory problems between stalled and loose-housed sows. Metacarpals (n = 110) of sows from six farms were collected at slaughter and stored at -20°C. Bones from one forelimb of sows in stalls (n = 36) and loose-housed (n = 20) were collected and their articular surfaces examined for Osteochondrosis Dissecans (OCD), these sows were also scored for lameness pre-slaughter. Metacarpals were CT scanned for cross sectional area and moment of inertia. Cylindrical sections from the diaphysis were used for mechanical testing and calculating bone strength indices. The results show there was little change in bone mineral status throughout the range of parities examined and overall metacarpal integrity was not compromised by multiple production cycles. There were no differences detected in the incidence of lameness or joint pathology between housing systems.  相似文献   

The structure of the upper atmosphere of mars: In situ accelerometer measurements from mars global surveyor   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

GM Keating  SW Bougher  RW Zurek  RH Tolson  GJ Cancro  SN Noll  JS Parker  TJ Schellenberg  RW Shane  BL Wilkerson  JR Murphy  JL Hollingsworth  RM Haberle  M Joshi  JC Pearl  BJ Conrath  MD Smith  RT Clancy  RC Blanchard  RG Wilmoth  DF Rault  TZ Martin  DT Lyons  PB Esposito  MD Johnston  al et 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,279(5357):1672-1676

The Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) z-axis accelerometer has obtained over 200 vertical structures of thermospheric density, temperature, and pressure, ranging from 110 to 170 kilometers, compared to only three previous such vertical structures. In November 1997, a regional dust storm in the Southern Hemisphere triggered an unexpectedly large thermospheric response at mid-northern latitudes, increasing the altitude of thermospheric pressure surfaces there by as much as 8 kilometers and indicating a strong global thermospheric response to a regional dust storm. Throughout the MGS mission, thermospheric density bulges have been detected on opposite sides of the planet near 90 degreesE and 90 degreesW, in the vicinity of maximum terrain heights. This wave 2 pattern may be caused by topographically-forced planetary waves propagating up from the lower atmosphere.  相似文献   

THE ISOLATION OF MYCOPLASMAS FROM CATS WITH RESPIRATORY DISEASE   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

P. B. Spradbrow  B.V.Sc.  Ph.D.  Judy  Marley  B.Sc.  B. Portas  G. Burgesss 《Australian veterinary journal》1970,46(3):109-110

Mycoplasma were isolated from 11 of 160 samples from cats with respiratory disease. Most isolations were made from nasal swabs. Two of the isolates were tested for metabolic activity, and one fermented glucose while the other metabolized arginine. Metabolism-inhibiting antibodies active against the arginine metabolizing mycoplasmas were present in 6 of 20 cats serums at titres of from 1/2 to 1/8. Antibodies against the glucose fermenting mycoplasma were not present in any of the 20 serums.  相似文献   

Oral Newcastle disease vaccination with V4 virus in chickens: comparison with other routes   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

PB SPRADBROW  JL SAMUEL 《Australian veterinary journal》1991,68(3):114-115

  相似文献   

THE ISOLATION OF LENTOGENIC STRAINS OF NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS IN AUSTRALIA     

S. J. Kim  P. B. Spradbrow  Margaret MacKenzie 《Australian veterinary journal》1978,54(4):183-187

SUMMARY Twelve isolations of Newcastle disease virus were made from 77 clinical samples from chickens with conjunctivitis, respiratory disease, proventriculitis and bursal atrophy. Nine of the Isolations were made from chickens with conjunctivitis. The viruses were identified as Newcastle disease virus by inhibition of their haemagglutinins with specific antiserum to Newcastle disease virus. The viruses failed to kill chicken embryos after inoculation into the allantoic cavity and they were judged to be lentogenic strains. There was no evidence that the Newcastle disease viruses were responsible for any of the clinical conditions from which they were isolated. The presence of other agents in 10 of the samples was indicated by reduced production of haemagglutinin in allantoic fluids of infected embryos, by deaths of infected embryos, by the production of cytopathic changes in avian cell cultures and by electron microscopy. Three isolations of infectious bronchitis virus, 2 of avian adenovirus and one of avian reovirus were made. Other samples were suspected of containing infectious bronchitis virus and mycoplasmas, but these were not isolated. The Newcastle disease viruses failed to produce plaques in chicken embryo fibroblast cell cultures and they were separated from the contaminating agents by haemagglutination and elution followed by passage at terminal dilution in chick embryos. No Newcastle disease virus was isolated from 60 caecal tonsils and 60 lung samples from 9-week-old broiler chickens. Eight lung samples yielded mycoplasmas that caused haemadsorption in chicken cell cultures. The mycoplasmas were probably Mycoplasma gallisepticum.  相似文献   

A SEROLOGICAL SURVEY OF BRISBANE DOGS FOR LEPTOSPIRAL ANTIBODIES     

P. B. Spradbrow  B.V.Sc. 《Australian veterinary journal》1962,38(1):20-24

  相似文献   

Persistence of the V4 strain of Newcastle disease virus in an open-range flock of chickens     

J L Samuel  P B Spradbrow 《The Veterinary record》1989,124(8):193-196

The V4 strain of Newcastle disease virus was introduced into a small open range flock of bantam chickens, by dosing half the birds directly into the crop. As indicated by rises in titres of haemagglutination inhibition antibody, the virus spread to the uninoculated birds and persisted in the flock for two years, infecting chickens that were introduced by natural brooding and rearing. All new clutches of chicks seroconverted by 80 days of age, and the titres of adult birds showed a concurrent rise, suggesting that the chicks were amplifying the virus. The modes of spread and of persistence of the virus were not determined; although cloacal swabs were taken regularly, only one yielded virus. Antibody titres of the inoculated birds remained above the presumptive protective level of 3 (log2) for over a year, whereas the titres of birds infected by contact were generally less than 3.  相似文献   

An evaluation of calf castration by intra-testicular injection of a lactic acid solution   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

G. FORDYCE  NJ BEAMAN  AR LAING  PB HODGE†  C. CAMPERO†  RK SHEPHERD¶ 《Australian veterinary journal》1989,66(9):272-276

This experiment evaluated intra-testicular injection of a sclerosing drug, lactic acid, for castration of bulls. Its use was compared in 58 Brahman cross calves (50 to 128kg) with the general practice of open surgical castration. Chemical castration appeared to be more painful than surgical castration, though post-operative swelling and pain appeared similar for both methods. Chemical castration took 3 times longer than surgical castration (58 sec v 20 sec; P less than 0.01). Scrotal necrosis occurred in 25% of chemically-castrated calves and appeared due to drug leakage from the testes under the high pressure of injection. Healing time for chemical castrates was approximately twice that for surgical castrates. Five chemically-castrated calves (18%) retained one testis. Though all 5 were rendered sterile, each maintained androgenesis. This led to secondary male behaviour which caused management problems. Castration method did not influence post-operative growth. It is concluded that lactic acid administration is not a suitable alternative to the open surgical technique for castration of Brahman cross calves.  相似文献   

EXPERIMENTAL LEPTOSPIRA AUSTRALIS INFECTION IN CALVES     

P. B. Spradbrow  B.V.Sc.  Ph.D. 《Australian veterinary journal》1965,41(12):391-393

  相似文献   

Isolation of mycoplasmas from the respiratory tract of horses in Australia.     

A R Moorthy  P B Spradbrow 《The Veterinary record》1976,98(12):235-237

Mycoplasmas were isolated from two of 43 nasal swabs taken from live horses, and from one of 28 tracheal swabs taken from slaughtered horses. The slaughtered horse that yielded mycoplasmas had no gross pathological changes in the respiratory tract, but the nasal isolations were made from horses with rhinitis. The three mycoplasmas could be distinguished by cultural characteristics, and probably they represent three different species.  相似文献