栀子几个主要数量性状的相互关系研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

邓先珍  徐娟  涂炳坤  刘华清  徐春永  宋政清  殷兴东 《华中农业大学学报》2006,25(1):87-89

以孝感市孝南区西河镇的成年栀子林为试材,对栀子的6个数量性状进行了相关分析、通径分析和主成分分析。结果表明:单株果数和单位面积产量,应作为丰产栽培选择的重要性状;树高和冠幅主要是通过单株果数来影响单株产量,在生产中要注意协调好树高、冠幅和单株果数的关系;单果重也可适当考虑。  相似文献   

Screening of antagonistic Trichoderma strains and their application for controlling stalk rot in maize          下载免费PDF全文

LU Zhi-xiang  TU Guang-ping  ZHANG Ting  LI Ya-qian  WANG Xin-hua  Zhang Quan-guo  SONG Wei  CHEN Jie 《农业科学学报》2020,19(1):145-152

Maize is one of the major crops in China, but maize stalk rot occurs nationwide and has become one of the major challenges in maize production in China. In order to find an environment-friendly and feasible technology to control this disease, a Trichoderma-based biocontrol agent was selected. Forty-eight strains with various inhibition activities to Fusarium graminearum, and Fusarium verticillioides were tested. A group of Trichoderma strains(DLY31, SG3403, DLY1303 and GDFS1009) were found to provide an inhibition rate to pathogen growth in vitro of over 70%. These strains also prevented pathogen infection over 65% and promoted the maize seedling growth for the main root in vivo by over 50%. Due to its advantage in antifungal activity against pathogens and promotion activity to maize, Trichoderma asperellum GDSF1009 was selected as the most promising strain of the biocontrol agent in the Trichoderma spectrum. Pot experiments showed that the Trichoderma agent at 2–3 g/pot could achieve the best control of seedling stalk rot and promotion of maize seedling growth. In the field experiments, 8–10 g/hole was able to achieve over 65% control to stalk rot, and yield increased by 2–11%. In the case of natural morbidity, the control efficiency ranged from 27.23 to 48.84%, and the rate of yield increase reached 11.70%, with a dosage of Trichoderma granules at 75 kg ha~(-1). Based on these results, we concluded that the Trichoderma agent is a promising biocontrol approach to stalk rot in maize.  相似文献   

Change features of time-series climate variables from 1962 to 2016 in Inner Mongolia,China     

XU Lili  YU Guangming  ZHANG Wenjie  TU Zhenfa  TAN Wenxia 《干旱区科学》2020,12(1):58-72

Detecting change features of climate variables in arid/semi-arid areas is essential for understanding related climate change patterns and the driving and evolution mechanism between climate and arid/semi-arid ecosystems.This paper takes Inner Mongolia of China,a unique arid/semi-arid ecosystem,as the study area.We first detected trend features of climate variables using the linear trend analysis method and then detected their trend-shift features using the breaks for additive seasonal and trend method based on the time-series of monthly precipitation and monthly mean temperature datasets from 1962 to 2016.We analyzed the different change features of precipitation and temperature on a regional scale and in different ecological zones to discover the spatial heterogeneity of change features.The results showed that Inner Mongolia has become warmer-wetter during the past 54 years.The regional annual mean temperature increased 0.4°C per decade with a change rate of 56.2%.The regional annual precipitation increased 0.07 mm per decade with a slightly change rate of about 1.7%,but the trend was not statistically significant.The warmer trend was contributed by the same positive trend in each season,while the wetter trend was contributed by the negative trend of the summer precipitation and the positive trend of the other three seasons.The regional monthly precipitation series had a trend-shift pattern with a structural breakpoint in the year 1999,while the regional monthly mean temperature series showed an increasing trend without a periodical trend-shift.After the year 2000,the warmer-wetter trend of the climate in Inner Mongolia was accelerated.The late 20th century was a key period,because the acceleration of the wetter trend in some local zones(I and II)and the alleviation of the warmer trend in some local zones(Ⅶ,Ⅷand IX)occurred simultaneously.Moreover,the change features had a strong spatial heterogeneity,the southeastern and southwestern of Inner Mongolia went through a warmer-drier trend compared with the other areas.The spatio-temporal heterogeneity of the climate change features is a necessary background for various types of research,such as regional climate change,the evolution of arid/semi-arid ecosystems,and the interaction mechanisms between climate and arid/semi-arid ecosystems based on earth-system models in Inner Mongolia.  相似文献   

我国饲草重大病虫鼠害研究进展          下载免费PDF全文

李霜  杜桂林  尹晓飞  刘晓辉  蒋细良  李彦忠  李新一  涂雄兵  张泽华 《中国生物防治学报》2020,36(1):9-16

为全面了解我国饲草重大病虫鼠害分布和危害,充分掌握其传播扩散规律及其造成的重大经济损失,我们系统分析了我国饲草病害、虫害、鼠害等生物灾害危害情况,总结了国内外饲草病虫鼠害防控现状与研究进展,提出了饲草重大生物灾害的防控对策,为保障饲草产业和草牧业健康发展提供理论支撑。此外,本文还总结了我国饲草病虫鼠害的防控难题,为今后饲草病虫鼠害的研究提供了方向。  相似文献   

沙漠蝗生物学特性及防治技术研究进展   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

涂雄兵#  李霜#  杜桂林#  潘凡  徐超民  陈俊  王卓然  杨智  张泽华 《植物保护》2020,46(3):16-22

历史记载中,沙漠蝗Schistocerca gregaria(Forsk.,1775)主要在北非发生,对当地农作物构成严重威胁。大规模发生时,可向西亚等地继续扩散为害。2020年初沙漠蝗在巴基斯坦、印度大量发生,肆虐为害,对粮食安全和生态安全构成了严重威胁。因其具有迁飞性,周边多个国家面临重大入侵风险。因本次沙漠蝗发生规模与破坏程度堪比1985年非洲蝗灾,2020年2月11日,联合国粮农组织(FAO)向全球发布预警:"高度戒备正在肆虐的蝗灾,防止被入侵国家出现粮食危机"。本文介绍了沙漠蝗分类地位、形态学特征,概述了沙漠蝗生物学特性、监测预警与防治技术研究进展,为科学防控沙漠蝗提供理论支撑。  相似文献   

杜仲杂种优良无性系抗旱性间接评价     

周轩辕  于航  钟昊明  屠维  苗帆  李周岐 《西北林学院学报》2020,35(1):101-107

以7个杜仲无性系22-22、2-23、4-30、17-17、2-32、6-30、5-152和2个对照品种（无性系）秦仲2号（Qinzhong No.2）、龙拐（Longguai）为对象,以其2年生嫁接苗成熟叶片为材料,采用常规石蜡切片法研究叶片解剖结构、扫描电镜技术观察气孔结构和压力室技术测定水分生理指标,用主成分分析法筛选主要指标,用隶属函数法对各无性系抗旱性进行对比分析。结果表明,共筛选出栅栏组织厚度、原初渗透势、气孔开度、厚角组织厚度4项主要指标,12项解剖结构参数、5项水分生理指数和5项气孔参数,均在无性系间差异显著,无性系抗旱性排序为:6-30>4-30>龙拐>秦仲2号>17-17>5-152>22-22>2-23>2-32。研究结果可对进一步筛选杜仲优良无性系提供参考依据。  相似文献   

鸡生长发育早期骨骼肌IGF1R mRNA表达规律研究     

盛中伟  姬改革  刘一帆  巨晓军  单艳菊  邹剑敏  章明  屠云洁  束婧婷 《浙江农业学报》2020,32(7):1160

以生长速度不同的花山麻鸡和清远麻鸡为试验素材,采用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测鸡9、12、16、21胚龄(E9 d、E12 d、E16 d、E21 d)和出雏后7日龄(7 d)时胸肌和腿肌中IGF1R mRNA表达变化情况,并与肌肉质量进行相关性研究。结果发现,21胚龄时,花山麻鸡和清远麻鸡胸肌质量都出现了显著降低,腿肌质量持续增长。花山麻鸡胸肌IGF1R mRNA表达呈前高后低趋势,9胚龄时表达量最高,之后显著降低并维持在较低的水平,出雏后7日龄时表达量再次下降;清远麻鸡在胸肌中的表达则呈“波浪形”,9胚龄和16胚龄表达量升高,其他日龄表达量显著降低。腿肌中,花山麻鸡IGF1R mRNA表达量在16胚龄之后显著降低;清远麻鸡腿肌IGF1R mRNA表达呈依次递减模式,各时间点之间差异显著(P<0.05)。品种间各个时间点胸肌和腿肌IGF1R mRNA表达量均呈显著差异(P<0.05)。两个品种骨骼肌IGF1R mRNA表达与胸肌、腿肌质量均呈极显著相关(P<0.01)。以上结果初步揭示了生长发育早期不同品种鸡胸肌和腿肌IGF1R基因表达发育变化趋势和品种差异,为深入研究IGF1R基因在鸡肌肉发育中的调控机理提供基础资料。  相似文献   

施肥浓度对摇臂式喷头喷灌施肥均匀性的影响     

涂琴  易萌  李红  张凯  张乾坤 《排灌机械工程学报》2020,38(11):1180-1188

为了研究施肥浓度对喷灌施肥均匀性的影响规律,选用摇臂式喷头10PY₂H,测量其喷灌施肥时肥液体积、施肥浓度、施肥量3种参数的径向分布.试验中,氯化钾溶液质量浓度(即母液浓度)分别为0,20,35,50,65,80 g/L.采用叠加法计算组合喷洒时3种施肥参数的均匀度CU、分布均匀度DU和统计均匀度U_s.分析表明施肥浓度对摇臂式喷头的灌水施肥影响呈现非线性特点.增加母液浓度对肥液体积分布和施肥浓度分布均匀性的影响相对较小,但对施肥量分布均匀性的影响十分显著.组合喷灌加剧了不同测点的数值差异.随着母液浓度增大,施肥量径向分布变化增大,当母液质量浓度增大到80 g/L时,施肥量主要集中在20%~60%射程处,导致施肥均匀性急剧下降;当母液质量浓度小于等于35 g/L时,远端90%~100%射程处的施肥浓度相对更高,与前人得出的滴灌施肥系统施肥浓度沿管道方向递减的规律相反.3个评价指标中,均匀度CU数值最高,分布均匀度DU总体数值最低、变化最大,且以DU变化最为明显,这说明了DU能反映低值区的施肥情况.喷灌施肥等值线图表明肥液与施肥量的分布规律相似,但施肥浓度的分布情况则相反,这可能与射程远端施肥浓度更大有关.  相似文献   

不同饲用苎麻叶片、茎中微量元素含量动态变化     

汤涤洛  汪红武  熊伟  朱伟  涂修亮 《湖北农业科学》2020,59(4):132-135

以3种不同饲用苎麻(Boehmeria nivea L.)为研究对象,研究3个不同饲用苎麻品种叶片、茎中微量元素(Cu、Mn、Zn)含量变化规律,并分析了饲用苎麻叶片与茎中微量元素含量的相关性。结果表明,不同品种饲用苎麻叶片和茎中的Cu、Mn、Zn含量变化规律表现不一致,每种饲用苎麻叶片中Cu、Mn、Zn含量均大于茎中的含量,不同饲用苎麻品种叶片和茎中Cu、Mn、Zn含量各不同,但其顺序均为MnZnCu,苎麻茎中的Mn与叶片中Mn元素呈显著正相关(P0.05)。  相似文献   

造纸法再造烟叶感官质量评价有效性研究     

王艳红  周桂园  屠彦刚  张相辉  张文军  王小升  张燕 《湖北农业科学》2020,(16):122-125

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