Central Venous Pressure Measurements in the Caudal Vena Cava of Sedated Cats     

Roslyn G. Machon B.V.Sc.  M.V.Sc.  M.S.    Marc R. Raffe D.V.M. M.S.  Elaine P. Robinson B.Vet.Med.  M.V.Sc. 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》1995,5(2):121-129

The caudla vena cava (CVA) was evaluated as an laternative site for the measurement of central venous pressure (CPV) in six healthy, sedated (ketamine 10 mg/km, midazolam 0.1 mg/kg, and atropine 0.04 mg/kg IM) cats. The CVC was cathererized via medial saphenous puncture, and estimates of CPV from this site compared to those obtained via a jugular catheter. Simulataneous CPV values were recorded electronically (mmgh), via calibrated pressure transducer positioned at the level of the manubrium in cats in lateral recumbency. Five readings, performed at 1 minute intervals, were collected from the jugular and CVC catheters at rest (baseline) and following a rapid fluid bolus. Twenty-four hours later, cats were resedated, baseline measurements repeated, and CVPs recorded following a rapid, 25% whole-blood volume bleed. CVP measurements from the jugular and CVC were statistically compared using repeated measures ANOVA (p<0.05). There were no significant differences between the two sites in the baseline and bleed trials. Significant defferences between jugular and CVC CVPs were noted at 1 and 2 minutes following the fluid bolus. It was concluded that CVC is an alternative site for measurement of CPV in sedated cats.  相似文献   

DIAGNOSTIC ULTRASOUND IMAGING OF SOFT TISSUES IN THE BOVINE DISTAL LIMB   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Johann  Kofler  Dr. Med. Vet  Hannes K.  Edinger  Dr. Med. Vet. 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1995,36(3):246-252

In this study sonographic images of healthy flexor tendons, digital flexor tendon sheaths, metacarpophalangeal and metatarsophalangeal joints, and proximal and distal interphalangeal joints of the bovine limb were made. Then, synovial cavities in cadavers were filled with the necessary amount of fluid to make the lumina visible sonographically. After injecting 30–40 ml of saline solution into the digital flexor tendon sheath and into the metacarpophalangeal and metatarsophalangeal joints, or 8 ml in the proximal interphalangeal joint and 10 ml in the distal interphalangeal joint, the pouches of these synovial cavities were clearly demarcated. Afterwards, the sonographic image of synovial cavities distended by various inflammatory content were described. When the sonographic findings were compared to the findings in clinical patients, centesis and intraoperative procedures, there appeared to be a relationship as to the extent and location of the disorders as well as to the nature of the synovial effusion. Finally, we identified which planes on diseased bovine distal limbs were appropriate for obtaining optimal sonographic images.  相似文献   

ULTRASONOGRAPHY OF THE CANINE, FELINE AND EQUINE TONGUE: NORMAL FINDINGS AND CASE HISTORY REPORTS   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Mauricio  Solano  Med. Vet.  Dominique G.  Penninck  DVM 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1996,37(3):206-213

A submental approach using a 5, 7.5 and 10 MHz mechanical sectorial transducers was used to evaluate the ultrasonographic appearance of the normal and abnormal canine, feline and equine tongue. Seven normal animals were used to characterize the in vivo normal ultrasonographic appearance of the oropharynx. Consistently seen anatomical landmarks included the lingual parenchyma, lingual artery, soft and hard palate interfaces, mandible, basihyoid bone and sublingual musculature. Seven fresh canine, feline and equine cadavers were dissected to confirm the ultrasonographic findings. Seven animals with signs of ptyalism, dysphagia, halitosis and visible lingual lesions were also studied. A foreign body and abscesses secondary to a penetrating wound were detected in a horse. Ultrasound guidance aided surgical dissection, removal of the foreign body and intraoperative drainage of the abscesses. Ultrasound provided valuable non-invasive documentation of the architecture, size and margins of six lingual neoplasms. Ultrasonographic monitoring of the response to the treatment of lingual lesions may be beneficial in the management of patients.  相似文献   

CANINE HIP DYSPLASIA     

Joe P.  Morgan  DVM  Vet med dr 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1987,28(1):2-5

It is the purpose of this study to call attention to new bone production that often occurs early in the sequence of pathological changes associated with canine hip dysplasia. New bone production extending to bony remodeling, as well as femoral head subluxation, both occur in the sequence of pathologic changes associated with canine hip dysplasia. Subluxation is considered primary, while osteoarthrosis is a secondary feature, and both are used in the diagnosis of canine hip dysplasia. This report concerns the significance of the presence of a solitary bony osteophyte, or spur, that is frequently evident on the caudal aspect of the femoral neck as viewed on the conventional ventrodorsal projection. This report utilizes findings from pelvic radiographs of 605 dogs (five breeds). There was a greater frequency (54%)of this bony change in cases diagnosed radiographically as dysplastic than in cases diagnosed as normal(15%).Thus, it is suggested that this minimal radiographic change can be used as an indicator of early canine hip dysplasia, especially in the absence of subluxation of the femoral head.  相似文献   

Clinical cytogenetics in equine stud practice: Consideration of the present situation and future application     

C.R.E. Halnan MA Vet. MB  PhD  FRCVS 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》1984,4(6):274-277

The situation in Thoroughbred breeding in relation to cytogenetics is considered and it is indicated where screening of horses will be useful in practice. The techniques involved are explained and karyotypes are illustrated. The present state of knowledge in horse cytogenetics is reviewed. The types of abnormality are described in relation to phenotype. Future promise is discussed in relation to the human field, concluding that with the refined methods now available a wider rangeof meaningful aberrations will be uncovered.  相似文献   

Healing of Cortical Bone Grafts in the Dog The Role of Azathioprine     

BAYO J. ADEYANJU D.V.M.  Ph.D.  HUGH C. BUTLER D.V.M.  M.S.  † HORST W. LEIPOLD Dr.Med.Vet.  Ph.D. 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1982,11(2):52-59

Sixteen unrelated beagles, randomly divided into groups of four, were used in evaluating the role of therapeutic immunosuppression in the healing of fresh cortical bone allografts over a 16-week period. The four groups included: nontreated allograft, treated allograft, nontreated autograft, and treated autograft. A 2.7-cm tibial cortical graft was fixed orthotopically using a dynamic compression plate. Healing was evaluated by radiography and by gross and histologic studies at 2, 4, 8, and 16 weeks after surgery. The treated dogs were immunosuppressed with azathioprine for eight weeks postsurgery. The conclusions were that: temporary immunosuppression did not significantly alter healing of fresh cortical bone autografts; healing of fresh cortical bone allografts in immunosuppressed dogs was similar to healing of fresh cortical bone autografts; slight differences were observed in the healing of bone grafts in all groups after eight weeks; and cellular reaction typical of graft rejection was found in nontreated allografts, but healing still occurred.  相似文献   

VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT IN A DOUBLE-MUSCLED ANGUS DWARF HEIFER     

C.R.E. Halnan  M.A.  Vet.M.B.  M.R.C.V.S. 《Australian veterinary journal》1970,46(11):549-551

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Cystourethropexy to Correct Refractory Urinary Incontinence Due to Urethral Sphincter Mechanism Incompetence Preliminary Results in Ten Bitches     

BRUNO J. MASSAT Dr Med Vet    CLARE R. GREGORY DVM  Dipiomate ACVS    GERALD V. LING dvm    GEORGE H. CARDINET dvm  PhD  ERNEST L. LEWIS md 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1993,22(4):260-268

Cystourethropexy was performed in 10 bitches with refractory urinary incontinence due to urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence. All animals had an abnormally shaped vesico-urethral junction. The bladder neck was located in the pelvic canal in nine dogs (pelvic bladder). Surgery alone restored urinary continence in two cases and markedly improved incontinence in two cases. Surgery combined with medical therapy (phenylpropanolamine, 1.5 mg/kg orally once or twice a day, using a sustained-action preparation) restored urinary continence in four cases and markedly improved continence in one case. Surgery, with medical therapy, was completely ineffective in one case. No major complications were encountered in any dogs. In four cases, histopathologic evaluation of the dorsal bladder wall and neck revealed the presence of a single, perinuclear, clear vacuole in the cytoplasm of smooth muscle fibers. Electron microscopic examination showed that the vacuoles represented a dilatation of normal membrane organelles. Such abnormalities have the potential to alter the smooth muscle motility. This study indicates that cystourethropexy alone restored urinary continence only temporarily in the majority of the patients. The significance and frequency of the histopathologic findings requires further investigation.  相似文献   

Palmar Digital Neurectomy in Horses 57 Cases (1984–1990)     

BRADLEY R. JACKMAN DVM  MS    GARY M. BAXTER VMD  MS  DIPIOMATE ACVS    RICHARD E. DORAN DVM  MS  Dipiomate ACVS    DOUGLAS ALLEN DVM  MS  Dipiomate ACVS  ANDREW H. PARKS MA  VET MB  Dipiomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1993,22(4):285-288

The medical records of 57 horses that had palmar digital neurectomy performed between 1984 and 1990 were reviewed. Neurectomies were performed either by transection and elec-trocoagulation (47 horses) or by the guillotine technique (10 horses). Middle-aged geldings, Quarter Horses, and Thoroughbreds were significantly over-represented when compared with the hospital population. Horses used as hunter/jumpers also appeared to be over-represented. Complications occurred in 17 (34%) of the 50 horses for which follow-up information was obtained. Recurrence of heel pain was the most common complication (14 horses). Palpable painful neuromas were detected in three horses. One year after neurectomy, 74% of the horses were sound; this decreased to 63% after 2 years.  相似文献   

ULTRASONOGRAPHIC IMAGING OF THE VAGOSYMPATHETIC TRUNK IN THE DOG     

Sven  Reese  Dr Med Vet  Christine  Ruppert  Dr Med Vet 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2001,42(3):272-275

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the applicability of ultrasonographic imaging of the vagosympathetic trunk in the dog. Cervical ultrasound was performed in 30 healthy dogs. In all 30 dogs the vagosympathetic trunk was detected as a hypoechoic structure in the carotid sheath, adhering the dorsomedial surface of the common carotid artery. The echotexture of the nerve was heterogeneous with anechoic areas separated by hypoechoic bands. A scanner equipped with a 5 to 8 MHz linear array probe was used for imaging and measurements. The diameter of the vagosympathetic trunk ranged from 0.59 to 2.48 mm varying in correlation to the body weight. In summary, ultrasonography is a helpful noninvasive method to image and evaluate the cervical vagosympathetic trunk in the dog.  相似文献