黄瓜花叶病毒丹参分离物的鉴定和外壳蛋白基因序列分析     

吴志明  彭卫欣  温春秀  朱水芳  谢晓亮 《植物病理学报》2004,34(5):477-480

 丹参(Salvia miltorrhiza Bge.)为唇形科鼠尾草属草本植物,以根入药,是我国一种常用大宗中草药。近年来河北安国中药材基地丹参上一种退化病十分严重,该病田间发病率高,有的田块高达60%~80%,表现为花叶、斑驳、卷叶、黄化、矮化等症状,严重影响了丹参的产量和品质。我们利用生物学、电镜观察、血清学方法和基因序列测定等方法对病原进行了初步研究,发现黄瓜花叶病毒(Cucumber mosaic virus,CMV)与该病害密切相关  相似文献   

世界葡萄抗寒育种的成就与展望   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9  

刘军  王小伟  魏钦平  鲁韧强  高照全 《果树学报》2004,21(5):461-466

近2个世纪,通过选种和杂交育种,世界葡萄抗寒育种在抗寒性与果实优质性状的结合方面取得了突破,育成许多抗寒性极强(耐-30～-40℃低温)、品质优良的鲜食、酿酒和制汁品种。由于葡萄的抗寒性是受多基因控制的数量性状,杂交后代的抗寒性基本呈以亲中值为峰顶的正态分布,所以我国应积极引进这些品种,在华北、西北等葡萄主产区试验、推广露地越冬栽培的同时,利用它们与现有抗寒性较弱的主栽品种(抗寒性-15～-18℃)杂交,培育适合我国冬季气候条件的抗寒品种(抗寒性在-25℃左右),迅速提高我国葡萄抗寒育种水平。  相似文献   

Role of vascular remolding induced by nitric oxide and matrix metalloproteinase in aneurysm     

LIAO Ming-fang  JING Zai-ping  ZHAO Jun 《园艺学报》2004,20(7):1326-1328

Nitric oxide (NO) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are important in vascular remolding, especially in abdominal aortic aneurysm. NO may be associated with aneurysms by modulating MMPs expression and activity.  相似文献   

Nitric oxide-mediated the cardioprotection of tumor necrosis factor-alpha on cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes during hypoxia/reoxygenation     

FU Chen  XIA Qiang  CAO Chun-mei  YANG Jun  LU Yuan 《园艺学报》2004,20(11):1977-1981

AIM: To investigate the role of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) and protein kinase C (PKC) signaling in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced cardioprotection against hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury. METHODS: Neonatal rat ventricular myocytes were pretreated with TNF-α or sodium nitroprusside (SNP) or L-arginine (L-Arg), respectively, for 12 h and then subjected to continuous hypoxia for 12 h, followed by reoxygenation for 6 h. The manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) activity of the cells was measured after H/R. Myocyte injury was determined by the release of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH). RESULTS: TNF-α (10⁵ U/L) significantly increased the Mn-SOD activity and decreased release of LDH from ventricular myocytes. The cardioprotection against H/R injury was induced by the pretreatment with SNP (5 μmol/L) or L-Arg (5 mmol/L), which was blocked by ODQ (10 μmol/L), the specific sGC inhibitor, and Chel (5 μmol/L), the specific PKC inhibitor. Pretreatment with L-NAME (100 μmol/L), ODQ, Chel, antoxidant 2-MPG (400 μmol/L) or tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein (50 μmol/L) attenuated the increased Mn-SOD activity and reduced LDH level induced by TNF-α. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that NO may play a role in TNF-α-induced cardioprotection, which is mediated by sGC and PKC.  相似文献   

Regulation of MMP-2 and TIMP-3 expression by uPA signal transduction system in human bone giant cell tumor     

XU Ruo-bing  WEN Jian-ming  ZHANG Meng  LV Chang-hai  XIAO Gang  ZHANG Wen-min  LIANG Hui-zhen 《园艺学报》2004,20(11):1982-1988

AIM: To study effects of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) signal transduction on expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP-3) in giant cell tumor of bone (GCT). METHODS: Expression of uPAR, MMP-2 and TIMP-3 in GCT tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry. Phosphorylation level of mitogen-activated protein kinase (p44) in uPA/uPAR signal pathway in cultured GCT cells was detected by immunoprecipitation. The expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-3 in cultured cells after treatment with uPA-ATF or anti-uPAR antibody was also detected by Western blotting. RESULTS: 1) Urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) was positive on the cell membrane and in cytoplasm of some mononuclear stromal cells (MSCs) and multinucleated giant cells (MGCs); 2) MMP-2 was positive in the cytoplasm and on the cell membrane of almost all of MSCs and some of MGCs. The polar distribution of MMP-2 in the cytoplasm of MGCs was especially obvious; 3) The expression of TIMP-3 of some MSCs and MGCs in GCT was much lower than MMP-2. The positive signal also showed a prominent polarity; 4) After treatment with uPA-ATF, the phosphorylation level of p44 in GCT cultured cells was much higher than the control. Addition of anti-uPAR antibody in the cells remarkably down-regulated the phosphorylation level of p44 as compared with the control group, suggesting that uPA-ATF participates cell signal transduction and this reaction can be inhibited by anti-uPAR antibody; 5) uPA-ATF cell signal pathway up-regulated expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-3, while anti-uPAR antibody down-regulated the expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-3. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate for the first time that uPA-ATF directly regulates the expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-3 by signal transduction pathway, and the over-expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-3 may play an important role in local osteolysis of GCT.  相似文献   

Changes of potassium currents in rabbit ventricle with healed myocardial infarction     

LIU Nian  NIU Hui-yan  LI Yang  ZHANG Cun-tai  ZHOU Qiang  RUAN Yan-fei  PU Jun  LU Zai-ying 《园艺学报》2004,20(12):2227-2231

AIM: To elucidate the mechanism of arrhythmia in healed myocardial infarction (HMI), and to investigate the changes of action potential duration (APD),transient outward potassium current (I_to), delayed rectifier potassium current (I_K) and inward rectifier potassium current (I_K1) of left ventricular myocytes in noninfarcted zone of HMI. METHODS: 12 rabbits were randomly assigned in two groups: HMI group (thoracotomy and ligation of the circumflex coronary); sham-operated group (thoracotomy but no conorary ligation). 3 months after operation, whole cell patch clamp technique was used to record APD, I_to, I_K and I_K1 of ventricular myocytes in non-infarcted zone. RESULTS: Membrane capacitance was larger in HMI group than that in sham-operated group. Action potential duration was lengthened significantly in HMI group and early after depolarization (EAD) appeared in HMI group. The densities of I_to, I_K,tail and I_K1 were reduced significantly in HMI group (P<0.01), from (6.72±0.42) pA/pF, (1.54±0.13) pA/pF and (25.6±2.6) pA/pF in Sham-operated group to (4.03±0.33) pA/pF, (1.14±0.11) pA/pF and (17.6±2.3) pA/pF, respectively. CONCLUSION: The reduced densities of I_to, I_K,tail and I_K1 in ventricular myocytes of non-infarcted zone in HMI are responsible for the prolongation of APD and the presentation of EAD, which play important roles in the malignant arrhythmia of HMI.  相似文献   

中国北方沙尘天气原因探讨   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

吴绍洪  杨勤业  曹军 《干旱区资源与环境》2004,(Z1)

我国是沙尘暴易发的国家,进入20世纪90年代以来,强沙尘暴有频率增加、强度加大、范围扩展、危害程度加剧的趋势。沙尘暴的发生危害范围亦逐渐从西北干旱经济落后区扩展到经济发达的北京、天津及华北平原区,近年来的沙尘暴造成了社会经济和人民生命财产的重大损失。受大气环流场和季风气候类型影响,中国冬、春盛吹西北风,强劲而干燥。发生沙尘暴的天数与大风日数和地面热力稳定程度相关,3-5月中国西北内陆地表增温大,是风力场和热力场极不稳定的季节,地表气候容易发生蠕动,沙尘暴便由此启动并易发。除自然要素外,不合理的人类活动也将诱发沙尘暴天气的发生,有些情况下还起到比自然要素更重要的作用。从生态地理区域的角度看,沙尘暴的源地在干旱和半干旱地区,由于大气环流的作用,影响到下风向的半湿润甚至湿润地区。无论何地干旱、半干旱地区都将存在沙尘暴发生的自然条件,而其下风向必将受到不同程度的影响,只是因为中国的季风气候,决定西北干旱、半干旱地区发生的沙尘暴必然影响东南部地区。在现有的科学技术条件下,人类所能做的就是调节自身的行为。因此,在沙尘暴源地实施生态建设是减缓沙尘暴发生的最重要措施,也是消除东部城市沙尘天气的主要途径。根据生态地理区域的特征,沙尘暴源地的干旱区、半干?  相似文献   

扫描昆虫雷达实时数据采集、分析系统   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

程登发  吴孔明  田喆  文丽萍  沈佐锐 《植物保护》2004,30(2):41-46

利用自行设计、制作的扫描昆虫雷达数据采集分析系统,对扫描雷达回波的VGA图像信号进行单帧采集和多幅序列采集,经过图像处理、参数自动识别和回波的自动分析、计算后可得到昆虫活动的方位、高度、距离、密度、飞行的方向和速度等一系列迁飞活动数据。对迁飞昆虫活动实时监测,实现该类害虫的准确预测和有效治理具有非常重要的作用。  相似文献   

绿僵菌治蝗研究进展   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

雷仲仁  问锦曾 《植物保护》2004,30(4):14-17

介绍了目前对防治多种蝗虫效果较好的虫生真菌--绿僵菌的种类、株系,以及绿僵菌对蝗虫的致病机理、 对环境的安全性等,并讨论了国内外应用绿僵菌防治蝗虫的田间试验效果、剂型研制、产业化和推广应用前景。  相似文献   

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells are induced to differentiate into cardiomyocytes by hepatocyte growth factor in vitro     

FANG Tian-ling  MIN Jun  DENG Xiao-geng  QIAN Shi-kun  CHU Zhong-hua  CHEN Ya-jin  SHAO Jing  WEI Jing  CHEN Ji-sheng 《园艺学报》2004,20(7):1167-1170

AIM: To explore a new method of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) inducing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) to differentiate into cardiomyocytes. METHODS: Bone marrow MSC was cultured with DMEM media (10% fetal calf serum) 4-6 passages, and induced by HGF (10 μg/L) for 30 d. Automatical beating of the differentiated cells was observed daily with transverse microscopy, or under condition of 0.1% isoproterenol or cal-cium-deprived incubation. Specific cardiac myosin in the cells was indentified by immunochemistry. RESULTS: At 14-20 d of differentiation, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells formed clones, in 10%-50% of which spontaneous beating cell-mass had come to continuously exist. Isoproterenol increased the beating rate and calcium-deprived media inhibited the beating. The cells were identified to be cardiomyocytes by expression of cardiac myosin heavy chain. CONCLUSION: HGF may induce bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into cardiomyocytes with high efficiency, but the differentiating pathway of stem cells remains to be further studied.  相似文献