Osteochondral Dowel Transplantation for Repair of Focal Defects in the Knee: An Outcome Study Using an Ovine Model   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

MARK B HURTIG DVM MVSC    KELLI NOVAK MSC    ROGER McPHERSON MSC    SEAN McFADDEN MD MSC    LOCKSLEY E. McGANN PhD    KEN MULDREW PhD  NORMAN S. SCHACHAR MD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1998,27(1):5-16

Objective—A model system was developed to objectively assess the quality of articular cartilage after surgical reconstruction of focal defects in the medial femoral condyle using osteochondral dowel grafts.
Study Design—The surgical technique was developed and customized to reproducibly minimize surgical trauma and graft instability in order to improve the survival of the transplanted cartilage and the long-term integrity of the joint surfaces.
Animals or Sample Population—24 adult female Suffolk-Romanoff crossbred sheep.
Methods—Biomechanical creep testing, paravital staining for chondrocyte viability, histological analysis, and gross morphological analysis were performed at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively to compare fresh autografted osteochondral dowels with allografts that had been subject to a freezing protocol known to kill chondrocytes. The latter was used to investigate the time course of cartilage degeneration after injury. These two groups were also compared with normal unoperated control tissue.
Results—Biomechanical behavior, chondrocyte survival, and cartilage histology differed significantly between fresh grafts and those that had been frozen.
Conclusions —Indentation testing and paravital staining were able to identify degenerative changes earlier than other methods of assessment. The technique developed here reproducibly and reliably transplanted osteochondral dowel grafts while minimizing the confounding effects of surgical trauma and graft instability.
Clinical Relevance —The technique provides both a promising surgical technique for the repair of focal defects of the medial femoral condyle and a sensitive model for the future study of cryopreservation strategies for articular cartilage.  相似文献   

Biomechanics of Circular External Skeletal Fixation   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

DANIEL D. LEWIS DVM  Diplomate ACVS    DWIGHT G. BRONSON MS    MIKHAIL L. SAMCHUKOV MD    ROBERT D. WELCH DVM  PhD  Diplomate ACVS  JEFFREY T. STALLINGS DVM 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1998,27(5):454-464

  相似文献   

Assessment of clinical reasoning skills in veterinary students prior to and after the clinical year of training     

Farnsworth CC  Herman JD  Osterstock JB  Porterpan BL  Willard MD  Hooper RN  Roussel AJ  Schmitz DG  Fogelberg K  Kochevar DT 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2008,233(6):879-882

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of various clinical tracks within the veterinary medical clinical curriculum at Texas A&M University on clinical diagnostic proficiency as determined by pre- and post-training assessment. We expected that the clinical track chosen by the student would impact their measured outcome with bias toward higher scores in their chosen field. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. STUDY POPULATION: 32 students from the College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences at Texas A&M University. PROCEDURES: By use of standardized, written case scenarios, clinical reasoning was assessed twice: once prior to the clinical (fourth) year of the curriculum and again at completion of the clinical year. Students demonstrated their abilities to collect and organize appropriate clinical data (history, physical examination, and laboratory findings), determine clinical diagnoses, and formulate and implement acceptable treatment modalities. Data from clinical assessments were compared for a given cohort and correlated with other measures (eg, grades, standardized test scores, and species-specific curricular track). RESULTS: Differences were detected in clinical diagnostic proficiency among students in different clinical tracks and for different species groups in the case scenarios. Tracking by species group in the clinical veterinary curriculum appeared to affect development of clinical reasoning and resulted in differential proficiency among cases for differing species groups. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Differences in clinical experiences between small animal tracks and all other track opportunities (large animal, mixed animal, and alternative) influenced the development of clinical proficiency in fourth-year veterinary students during their clinical training period.  相似文献   

Acceleration of Second and Fourth Metatarsal Fracture Healing with Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein‐2/Calcium Phosphate Cement in Horses     

MELANIE PERRIER DVM  YAN LU MD  BRETT NEMKE MS  HIROHITO KOBAYASHI MS  ANNA PETERSON  MARK MARKEL DVM  PhD  Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2008,37(7):648-655

Objective— To compare the efficacy of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (rhBMP‐2)/calcium phosphate (CP) to autogenous cancellous bone graft (CBG) and to no treatment on bone healing, in surgically induced osteotomies and ostectomies of the accessory metatarsal bones in an equine model. Study Design— Experimental. Animals— Adult horses (n=9). Methods— Segmental ostectomies of the second metatarsal bone (MT2) and osteotomies of the fourth metatarsal bone (MT4) were performed bilaterally in 9 horses. There were a total of 35 defects (1 MT4 was previously fractured) created and supplemented randomly either with no treatment (untreated control), rhBMP‐2/CP cement, or matrix (CPC or CPM), or CBG. Radiography was performed every 2 weeks until study endpoint at 12 weeks. After euthanasia, bone healing was evaluated using radiography, mechanical testing, and histology. Data were analyzed with ANOVA followed by the Duncan's Multiple Range Test or nonparametric analyses. Results— At 12 weeks, radiographic scores for union were significantly greater for the rhBMP‐2 (P<.0001) and CBG (P=.004) groups compared with the untreated control group, for both MT2 ostectomies and MT4 osteotomies. The rhBMP‐2 treated MT2 had greater maximum torque to failure in torsion than CBG and control limbs at 12 weeks (P=.011). Histologic analysis demonstrated increased bone formation and more mature bone at the ostectomy site for MT2 in the rhBMP‐2 and CBG groups compared with the untreated control group. Conclusion— Injection of rhBMP‐2/CP into surgically induced ostectomies and osteotomies of the accessory metatarsal bones might accelerate early bone healing in the horse. Clinical Relevance— RhBMP‐2/CP may be as effective if not superior to CBG as an adjuvant treatment to accelerate healing of bone defects.  相似文献   

Comparison of Chondrogenic Potential in Equine Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Derived from Adipose Tissue and Bone Marrow     

MARTIN A. VIDAL BVSc  MS  Diplomate ACVS  SANDRA O. ROBINSON BS  MANDI J. LOPEZ DVM  MS  PhD  Diplomate ACVS  DANIEL B. PAULSEN DVM  PhD  Diplomate ACVP  OLGA BORKHSENIOUS PhD  JILL R. JOHNSON DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVIM & ABVP  RUSTIN M. MOORE DVM  PhD  Diplomate ACVS  JEFFREY M. GIMBLE MD  PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2008,37(8):713-724

Objective— To compare the chondrogenic potential of adult equine mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow (MSCs) or adipose tissue (ASCs). Study Design— In vitro experimental study. Animals— Adult Thoroughbred horses (n=11). Methods— BM (5 horses; mean [±SD] age, 4±1.4 years) or adipose tissue (6 horses; mean age, 3.5±1.1 years) samples were obtained. Cryopreserved MSCs and ASCs were used for pellet cultures in stromal medium (C) or induced into chondrogenesis±transforming growth factor‐3 (TGFβ₃) and bone morphogenic factor‐6 (BMP‐6). Pellets harvested after 3, 7, 14, and 21 days were examined for cross‐sectional size and tissue composition (hematoxylin and eosin), glycosaminoglycan (GAG) staining (Alcian blue), collagen type II immunohistochemistry, and by transmission electron microscopy. Pellet GAG and total DNA content were measured using dimethylmethylene blue and Hoechst DNA assays. Results— Collagen type II synthesis was predominantly observed in MSC pellets from Day 7 onward. Unlike ASC cultures, MSC pellets had hyaline‐like matrix by Day 14. GAG deposition occurred earlier in MSC cultures compared with ASC cultures and growth factors enhanced both MSC GAG concentrations (P<.0001) and MSC pellet size (P<.004) after 2 weeks in culture. Conclusion— Equine MSCs have superior chondrogenic potential compared with ASCs and the equine ASC growth factor response suggests possible differences compared with other species. Clinical Relevance— Elucidation of equine ASC and MSC receptor profiles will enhance the use of these cells in regenerative cartilage repair.  相似文献   

Progressive oropharyngeal dysfunction in a dog     

Willard MD  Burns J  Jennings D  Cawley A 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1983,183(9):1009-11, 965

A dog with an acquired, progressive oropharyngeal dysphagia also had a myopathy-neuropathy. It was clinically similar to criocopharyngeal achalasia, and could easily have been confused with it, even with fluoroscopic evaluation. Conservative medical therapy was instituted since cricopharyngeal myotomy could have caused severe aspiration and death. Resolution was apparently due to anti-inflammatory therapy.  相似文献   

Animal injury characteristics following the 2020 ammonium nitrate explosion in the Port of Beirut     

Hana A. Mansour MD  Khalil El Jawhary MD  Ihab Chaaban DVM  Ali Hemadeh DVM  Chadi Tarek PhD  Maher Yehia DVM  Nidal Hassan MS  Joseph Hosri DVM  Ahmad M. Mansour MD 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2023,33(4):477-480

  相似文献   

Ex Vivo Equine Medial Tibial Plateau Contact Pressure With an Intact Medial Femoral Condyle,With a Medial Femoral Condylar Defect,and After Placement of a Transcondylar Screw Through the Condylar Defect          下载免费PDF全文

Alvaro G. Bonilla DVM  MS  Jarred M. Williams DVM  MS  PhD  Diplomate ACVS  Alan S. Litsky MD  ScD  Elizabeth M. Santschi DVM  Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2015,44(3):289-296

  相似文献   

Effects of intravenous administration of tranexamic acid on hematological,hemostatic, and thromboelastographic analytes in healthy adult dogs          下载免费PDF全文

Efrat Kelmer DVM  MS  DACVECC  Gilad Segev DVM  DECVIM  Victoria Papashvilli  Naomi Rahimi‐Levene MD  MHA  Yaron Bruchim DVM  DACVECC  Itamar Aroch DVM  DECVIM  Sigal Klainbart DVM  DACVECC 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2015,25(4):495-501

  相似文献   

Femoral Fracture Repair Using a Locking Plate Technique in an Adult Captive Polar Bear (Ursus Maritimus)     

DAWN M. ZIMMERMAN DVM  MS  TERRY DEW DVM  MS  MICHAEL DOUGLASS DVM  EDWARD PEREZ MD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2010,39(2):234-238

Objective— To report successful femoral fracture repair in a polar bear. Study Design— Case report. Animals— Female polar bear (Ursus maritimus) 5 years and ～250 kg. Methods— A closed, complete, comminuted fracture of the distal midshaft femur was successfully reduced and stabilized using a compression plating technique with 2 specialized human femur plates offering axial, rotational, and bending support, and allowing the bone to share loads with the implant. Postoperative radiographs were obtained at 11.5 weeks, 11 months, and 24 months. Results— Bone healing characterized by marked periosteal reaction was evident at 11 months with extensive remodeling evident at 24 months. No complications were noted. Conclusions— Distal mid shaft femoral fracture was reduced, stabilized, and healed in an adult polar bear with a locking plate technique using 2 plates. Clinical Relevance— Previously, femoral fractures in polar bears were considered irreparable. Use of 2 plates applied with a locking plate technique can result in successful fracture repair despite large body weight and inability to restrict postoperative activity.  相似文献