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261.
Trinh Thi Phuong Vy Gang-Su Hyon Nguyen Thi Thanh Nga Yoshihiro Inoue Izumi Chuma Yukio Tosa 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2014,80(1):59-65
Lolium isolate TP2 of Pyricularia oryzae, causal agent of gray leaf spot of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne), is virulent on perennial ryegrass, but avirulent on wheat cultivars. Genetic analysis of wheat F2 populations revealed that the resistance of wheat cultivars Chinese Spring, Shin-chunaga, and Norin 4 to TP2 was conditioned by two genes, R1 and R2. R1 was highly effective, while R2 was less effective. The strong resistance gene R1, designated Rmg6, was mapped on chromosome 1D using microsatellite markers. For revealing genetic mechanisms of avirulence, TP2 was crossed with Triticum isolate Br48. Segregation analysis of their F1 progenies revealed that the avirulence of TP2 on the three wheat cultivars was conditioned by two unlinked genes, one (A1) highly effective and the other (A2) less effective. These results suggest that the incompatibility between TP2 and the common wheat cultivars is conditioned by two gene pairs; the Rmg6–A1 interaction results in strong resistance, and the R2–A2 interaction results in moderate resistance. 相似文献
262.
Yukio WADA Hisashi IWAI Yoshihiro OGAWA Kei ARAI 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2000,66(4):345-352
Sixty-four isolates of Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) from cultivated and naturalized gladioli were divided into two pathogenic groups, necrotic spot (NS) and chlorotic
spot (CS) groups on Chenopodium quinoa. NS-type isolates (S-22N and E-24N), CS-type isolates (S-22C and E-92C), and broad bean isolates (Sb-50C and Sb-12C) differed
in their pathogenicity on Antirrhinum majus, Nicotiana benthamiana, Phaseolus vulgaris, Spinacia oleracea and Vigna unguiculata. The four gladiolus isolates were different from BYMV-B, -P, -O and C1YVV-N in their pathogenicity on these plants, while the
two broad bean isolates were similar to BYMV-B, originally from broad bean. The nucleotide (nt) sequences of the 3′-terminal
region of the BYMV RNA genome of the two NS-type isolates, the two CS-type isolates, the two broad bean isolates and BYMV-B,
-P and -O were determined. In a phylogenetic tree based on the CP amino acid (aa) sequences, the two NS-type isolates clustered
together (identity 98.4% and 98.2% at the nt and aa level, respectively). The two CS-type isolates clustered with BYMV-O (93.2
to 99.3% nt identity and 95.6 to 98.5% aa identity). The two broad bean isolates clustered with BYMV-B (99.0 to 99.5% nt identity
and 98.9 to 99.6% aa identity). BYMV-P clustered with BYMV-CS (identity 97.7% and 99.3% at the nt and aa level, respectively).
The obtained sequences were compared with those of the 3′-terminal regions of seven published BYMV isolates. In a phylogenetic
tree based on deduced aa sequences, BYMV isolates were divided into four clusters.
Received 1 July 1999/ Accepted in revised form 22 May 2000 相似文献
263.
The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas is a sessile bivalve that inhabits the intertidal zone and therefore frequently exposed to air during the tidal cycle. It
is highly adaptive to hypoxic conditions. We have studied the physiological state of oysters during long-term exposure to
air. The oysters became hypoxic when exposed to air or hypoxic seawater. The 50% lethal time of oysters exposed to air at
4, 15 and 20°C was 47.8, 15.9 and 12.2 days, respectively. The hemolymph pH decreased by day 3; however, it showed a slight
increase by day 5 at both 4 and 20°C. The adenylate energy charge (AEC) values decreased rapidly on the first day of air exposure
in the adductor muscle, mantle, gill and body trunk, and these decreases were accompanied by decreases in ATP concentrations
and increases in AMP concentrations. The AEC values in all of the tissues had fallen to below 30% by day 50 of air exposure
at 4°C. These data suggest that the energy state of oysters deteriorates rapidly with air exposure. Consequently, AEC values
may be useful indices of the physiological state of the oyster during long-term exposure to air. 相似文献
264.
Root pruning is effective in alleviating the inhibition of soybean growth caused by anaerobic stress for a short period
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Soybean is an important upland crop,but its productivity is often limited by anaerobic stress caused by waterlogging.The ability to adjust root growth under environmental constraints is an important physiological trait for adapting to an everchanging environment,and root pruning is an artificial technique for regenerating the root system.In the present study,we investigated whether root pruning in soybean can effectively alleviate the inhibitory effects of anaerobic stress.Soybean plants were af... 相似文献
265.
Hiroko Ueuma Eri Yoshii Yoshihiro Hosoo Hideaki Taira 《Journal of Forest Research》2009,14(2):123-126
To determine the mechanism of male-sterility Cryptomeria japonica tree Shindai3, the process of microspore development was observed under light and fluorescence microscopy. Microspore development
in the Shindai3 was normal until the tetrad stage, but separation of the microspores from the tetrads was not observed even
after callose had been degraded. In contrast to the microspore stage in a male-fertile tree, amorphous substances were observed
around tetrads in the Shindai3, and the amount of the amorphous substance increased from the middle of November to the middle
of December. The substances are hypothesized to prevent the separation of individual microspores from tetrads by inducing
adhesion between microspore cells within the tetrad or enclosing the tetrads. The form of the tetrads in the Shindai3 was
maintained until just before the pollen dispersal season, but they ultimately degenerated. The results of this study indicate
that the mechanism causing male sterility in Shindai3 differs from that previously reported for other male-sterile trees of
C. japonica. 相似文献
266.
Hiroyasu Yamaguchi Akemi Shimizu Yoshihiro Hase Konosuke Degi Atsushi Tanaka Toshikazu Morishita 《Euphytica》2009,165(1):97-103
We compared the effects of ion beam and gamma ray irradiation on mutation induction in axillary buds of chrysanthemum, and
analyzed the chimeric structure of the resulting mutants. Axillary buds were irradiated with carbon ions at 2 Gy (mean linear
energy transfer 122 keV/μm), helium ions at 10 Gy (mean 9 keV/μm), and gamma rays at 80 Gy, all of which have the similar
effects on survival. The lower five nodes of the shoots elongating from the irradiated buds were cut one by one, and new shoots
were allowed to grow from the axillary buds. This procedure was repeated twice, and flower color mutation was investigated.
Chimeric structure was analyzed by comparing the flower color of mutants to that of plants regenerated from the roots. Flower
color mutants emerged at a high frequency (17.4–28.8%), and there were no significant differences in the mutation frequency
between the treatments. All the flower color mutants induced with gamma rays were periclinal chimeras. In contrast, some mutants
obtained with ion beams had the same flower color as that of the plants derived from the roots. This suggests that they were
solid mutants, where both LI and LIII tissues were derived from the same mutated cell. Solid mutants were also obtained when
irradiated with 5 Gy of helium ions, which had less effect on survival and mutation than other treatments. Factors for obtaining
solid mutants only with ion beams are also discussed. 相似文献
267.
Ken-ichiro TATEMATSU Mitsumi IKEDA Yoshihiro WAKABAYASHI Takashi YAMAMURA Kazuhiro KIKUCHI Junko NOGUCHI Hideki SEZUTSU 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2021,67(6):402
Porcine zona pellucida proteins (ZPs) have been utilized as female immunocontraceptive antigens. The purpose of this study was to explore the potential use of silkworm recombinant bovine ZP4 as an alternative. When the protein was injected with monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) – an immuno-stimulative agent – into two female goats, marked elevation of the anti-ZP4 titer was detected. Application of the purified specific IgG to a porcine in vitro fertilization system reduced the sperm penetration rate. In one goat, the cyclic profile of serum progesterone disappeared as the anti-ZP4 titer increased. Histological examination of the ovaries revealed degeneration of antral follicles with sparse infiltration of inflammatory cells in the theca, indicating that autoimmune oophoritis had been induced. Together, the present results suggest that recombinant ZP4 disturbs fertilization and exerts a pathogenic effect on follicle development in goats, thus indicating its potential as a female immunocontraceptive antigen. 相似文献
268.
Watabe Shugo Ikeda Daisuke Mashiro Takaki Kagetakubo Yuko Takahashi Yoshihiro Uemura Misaki Mizusawa Nanami Koyama Hiroki Yasumoto Ko Jimbo Mitsuru Kan-no Nobuhiro Ueda Tomohiro Matsuoka Yoko Ueki Nobuhiko Wan Jianrong 《Fisheries Science》2020,86(4):711-719
Fisheries Science - Complementary DNA encoding a part of myosin heavy chain was cloned from fast skeletal muscle of Japanese codling Physiculus japonicus. Japanese codling, a frequent catch off the... 相似文献
269.
Shoshi Mizuta Takahide Tanaka Yoshihiro Yokoyama Reiji Yoshinaka 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(5):1337-1344
The mantle muscles of five cephalopod species, Todarodes pacificus, Photololigo edulis, Sepioteuthis lessoniana, Sepia esculenta, and Sepia longipes, were extracted with 0.1 M NaOH to prepare crude collagen fiber, called ‘residue after alkali extraction’ (RS-AL). Solubility
of the collagens in water was examined in the temperature range 20–90°C. The collagens showed a similar tendency in solubility,
which gradually increased depending on the treating temperature, and the values at 40–90°C were constantly less than 47.0%
for all the species examined. In addition, the collagens were estimated to denature in the approximate temperature range of
37.5–42.5°C. These results suggest that the collagens in RS-AL from these species may have relatively high resistance to hot-water
extraction even after their denaturation. 相似文献
270.
Keiichiro Nishimura Zhi-Ming Cheng Yoshihiro Minamite Toshio Fujita 《Pest management science》1998,53(2):186-192
Isobutyranilidoxime meta-phenoxybenzyl ethers and related compounds were synthesized. Their insecticidal activities measured against Periplaneta americana by injection were lower than that of phenothrin by factors of at least 1/60. However, some compounds were comparable to or only slightly less potent than phenothrin and tetramethrin in miticidal activity tested by a contact method against Dermatophagoides farinae, D. pteronyssinus and Tyrophagus putrescentiae. © 1998 SCI 相似文献