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71.
Purpose
Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) have attracted a great deal of research interest for their potential environmental applications because of their unique properties. Adsorption of organic chemicals on CNMs was reported to be important in controlling their environmental risks. However, the kinetics of the adsorption is hardly investigated in literature. The objective of this work was, therefore, to quantitatively describe the sorption kinetics of 17 α-ethinyl estradiol (EE2) and bisphenol A (BPA) on CNMs as compared to activated carbon (AC). 相似文献72.
Ruijuan Li Jinfeng Zhao Chuanfan Sun Wenjing Lu Chengjin Guo Kai Xiao 《Frontiers of Agriculture in China》2010,4(2):195-209
As a kind of enzyme widely existing in eukaryotic species, especially in grains and oil seeds, phytases play an important
role in the degradation of some phosphates containing organic molecules. So far, phytases derived from various species have
been successfully used as animal feed additives. It has also been experimentally verified that phytases have a potential use
in generating crop germplasm with high phosphorus use efficiency, based on their biochemical role in releasing Pi from the
phytate and its derivatives. In this paper, the biochemical properties, molecular characterizations, functions and the potential
application perspective of phytases are reviewed and commented on, aiming at the further exploration of the biochemical and
molecular characterizations, and promotion of the application of phytases, a kind of important enzyme possessing potential
use in animal feeding and creation of high P use crop cultivars, in the future. 相似文献
73.
Rajendra Prasad 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(4-5):495-500
A laboratory study at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi showed that DCD was an efficient nitrification inhibitor under field capacity moisture (???30 kPa) but not so under submerged soil conditions. Nitrification inhibition by DCD was 79.6% after 1 week of incubation and decreased to 59.3% after 3 weeks of incubation under field capacity moisture, while it was only 19.3% after 1 week of incubation and 10.6% and 18.4% after 2 and 3 weeks of incubation under submergence, respectively. DCD can play an important role in reducing N losses from agricultural fields. 相似文献
74.
A laboratory study was conducted at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi on a sandy clay loam soil of pH 7.9 and organic C content of 0.34% to study the effect of incorporating Sesbania or Vigna legume residues or wheat straw at 15 and 30t ha?1 on temporal variation in ammoniacal and nitrate‐N in soil under submergence and well drained conditions. Under submergence most mineral N was present as ammoniacal‐N, while under well drained conditions it was present as Nitrate‐N. The content of ammoniacal N in soil was the highest after 30 days of incubation and declined thereafter under submergence. On the other hand under well drained conditions the mineral‐N (mostly nitrate) content in soil at 30 DAI was very little and showed increases only later, reaching the highest level at 90 DAI. Application of wheat straw specially at 301 ha?1 level resulted in immobilization of native soil‐N. These results show that rice which is grown under submergence can be transplanted soon after incorporation of legume residues, but for wheat or other crops which are grown under well drained condition a time interval of 30 days or more needs to be provided before sowing the crop. 相似文献
75.
76.
Xing-Pu Li Su-Que Lan Ye-Lun Zhang Yu-Ping Liu 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2010,57(7):1007-1012
Pericarp color in wheat is an important trait related to nutrients and health benefits. Identification of molecular markers
closely linked to the grain color genes will help utilize pericarp trait in wheat breeding. Genetic studies involving F1, F2, and F3 populations from the cross Jizi 439 (purple grain)/Gao8901 (white grain) showed that the purple grain color was controlled
by two genes. By using the bulked segregant analysis (BSA) approach, two DNA pools were established from the dark purple-grain
and white-grain plants respectively. Among the 230 pairs of microsatellite primers used in this study, two markers showed
polymorphism in DNA pools, parents, F1 and F2 populations. Linkage analysis indicated that the two markers Xgwm47 and Xgwm155 were linked with two purple pigment genes. One of the purple pigment genes is located on chromosome 2AS and is 34.7cM away
from the marker Xgwm47, whereas another gene is mapped on 3AL with 14.7cM away from marker Xgwm155. 相似文献
77.
78.
79.
Living in poverty is associated with high levels of protracted stress associated with health problems. Economic and food insecurity
are particularly poignant aspects of poverty and condition the work of securing basic daily needs of families. Recent studies
suggest that levels of stress increase as family food needs rise. This paper presents new findings which clarify the relationship
of food provisioning to stress levels, by examining actual food provisioning strategies and food insecurity among the Northern
Cheyenne Indians of southeastern Montana. Results clearly show that stress varies by types of food acquisition strategies.
Contrary to our expectations, more complex strategies, including relatively unpredictable and cumbersome food provisioning
activities, are not linked to higher stress levels in our analysis. Controlling for food security levels, households using
a combination of local programs and informal subsistence sources are the least stressed, despite the demands of managing a
large number of food sources. Households primarily using Food Stamps are the most likely to experience high levels of stress.
Interviews with Food Stamp recipients show that potential sources of stress include inadequate allocations of Food Stamps,
difficulty achieving and maintaining eligibility, challenges to complying with paperwork and appointment requirements, as
well as personal obstacles and community barriers to making food stamps last. Analyses indicate that contradictions between
local cultural norms for food provisioning and the realities of food insecurity in this context promote strategies emphasizing
greater independence from federal food programs. 相似文献
80.
Changsheng Chen Chaotian Xie Dehua Ji Yan Liang Lingmin Zhao 《Aquaculture International》2010,18(6):1045-1060
To select a reliable and sensitive method for discriminating strains of Porphyra haitanensis, the nucleotide sequence of the internal transcribed spacer 1 to internal transcribed spacer 2 regions (ITS-5.8S) of nuclear
ribosomal DNA and the intergenic spacer region of RUBISCO were compared in five wild and five cultivated Porphyra haitanensis strains. Based on molecular analyses, sequences of ITS-5.8S (about 1,210 bp) could be divided into three regions: ITS1, 5.8S,
and ITS2. The ITS1 and ITS2 sequences of each strain differed, even between individuals collected from the same site. In contrast,
5.8S rDNA and RUBISCO spacer sequences were identical among the ten P. haitanensis strains, although differences were found among different Porphyra species. Phylogenetic analysis also supported these conclusions. These sequence features of highly conserved regions and
diversified regions that occurred repeatedly in ITS-5.8S could be useful in discriminating germplasm of P. haitanensis strains or Porphyra species. In contrast, the RUBISCO spacer is only suitable for identifying Porphyra species. New coupled primers were designed to amplify only the 5.8S rDNA and ITS2 region of Porphyra. The sequences of these amplified fragments can be readily used to identify germplasm or to perform phylogenetic analysis
of Porphyra spp. 相似文献