Viral and bacterial agents associated with experimental transmission of infectious proventriculitis of broiler chickens.   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

G R Huff  Q Zheng  L A Newberry  W E Huff  J M Balog  N C Rath  K S Kim  E M Martin  S C Goeke  J K Skeeles 《Avian diseases》2001,45(4):828-843

Proventriculitis of broilers can be reproduced by oral inoculation of day-old chicks with a proventricular homogenate from affected 3-wk-old broilers. The objective of the following studies was to isolate from this homogenate viral and bacterial isolates that could produce proventriculitis. A monoclonal antibody to infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) was used to precipitate virus from the homogenate. A primary chicken digestive tract cell culture system was also used to isolate virus from a 0.2-microm filtrate of the homogenate, and a bacterium was also isolated from the homogenate. In trial 1, day-old birds were orally inoculated with either proventriculus homogenate or monoclonal antibody immunoprecipitated IBDV (MAB-IBDV). At 4, 7, 14, and 21 days postinfection (PI), 12 birds from each treatment group were subjected to necropsy. In trial 2, day-old birds were orally inoculated with either infectious proventriculus homogenate, suspect virus isolated in cell culture and propagated in embryo livers and spleens, or a bacterial isolate. Twelve birds from each treatment were subjected to necropsy at days 7, 14, 21, and 28 PI. In trial 3, treatments were maintained in negative pressure isolation chambers, and an additional treatment included virus plus bacterial isolate. Twenty-four birds from each treatment were subjected to necropsy at day 21 PI. In trial 1, infectious homogenate decreased body weight and relative gizzard weights at 4, 7, 14, and 21 days PI. Proventriculus relative weight was increased at days 7, 14, and 21 PI, and proventriculus lesion scores were increased at days 14 and 21 PI. Bursa/spleen weight ratios were decreased at day 14, and feed conversion was increased at days 4 and 21. The MAB-IBDV treatment decreased proventriculus and gizzard relative weights at day 4 PI, increased proventriculus lesion scores and bursa/spleen weight ratios at day 14, and decreased heterophil/lymphocyte ratios at day 21. In trial 2, all infected birds had significantly higher mean relative proventriculus weights at 21 days PI and had higher 4-wk mean proventriculus scores as compared with both control groups. In trial 3, birds treated with homogenate and birds treated with both suspect virus and the bacterial isolate had significantly higher proventriculus lesion scores; higher relative weights of proventriculus, gizzard, liver, and heart; lower body weights; and lower relative bursa weights compared with the saline control group. These studies suggest that infectious proventriculitis has a complex etiology involving both viral and bacterial infection.  相似文献   

大豆根腐病的识别与防治技术     

王向东  梁秀凤  丁晓敏  靳学慧 《大豆科技》2006,(1):22-22,24

大豆根腐病是危害大豆生产最严重的病害，严重地影响大豆的产量和品质。本文提出了以保主根，促进侧生根生长为要点的农业和化学防治相结合的防治技术，有效地防治了大豆根腐病的危害。  相似文献   

钢筋混凝土结构锈蚀损伤定位     

吴瑾  程吉昕  陆明生 《勤云标准版测试》2004,(4)

对钢筋混凝土结构锈蚀损伤定位进行了研究,以频率变化平方比作为锈蚀损伤参数,从理论上证明该参数是锈蚀损伤位置的函数。锈蚀钢筋混凝土结构试验结果表明预测的损伤位置和实际的损伤位置较一致,模态参数用于检测混凝土结构构件中的损伤,为大型结构的鉴定和评估提供了新的途径。  相似文献   

Boundary-fitted grid in landscape modeling     

Kang-Ren Jin  Yegang Wu 《Landscape Ecology》1997,12(1):19-26

Landscape modeling requires the delineation of system boundaries and interior features. Quite often, these components are complex and difficult to accurately represent. A rectangular grid is used to represent the study and adjacent non-study areas in most cases. When the non-study area occupies a large portion of the grid, computer memory is wasted, and computational time increases. An elliptical grid generator for non-orthogonal curvilinear coordinates is used to generate a boundary-fitted grid for a landscape model. In a boundary-fitted grid coordinate system, one coordinate axis follows the landscape domain boundary and is non-orthogonal to the second axis. The boundary-fitted grid uses elliptic partial differential equations to distribute grid points inside the landscape domain. Although the boundary-fitted grid follows the domain boundary, the grid pattern and point allocation remain structured. Thus, a landscape model can use a boundary-fitted grid without changing the model’s data structure or the computational scheme. In this study, a boundary-fitted grid and a raster-based grid were applied to the Everglades Landscape Fire Model. Use of the boundary-fitted grid decreased model simulation time by about one fifth and computer storage by 58% relative to the raster-based grid. Also, the linear characteristics of interior geographical features such as rivers and airboat trails were preserved by the boundary-fitted grid, but not by the raster-based grid. This preservation provided a more reasonable base map for simulating ecological processes, such as fire across heterogenous landscapes.  相似文献   

葡萄品种需冷量及打破休眠研究   总被引：23，自引：3，他引：20  

杨天仪  李世诚  蒋爱丽  骆军  金佩芳  单传伦 《果树学报》2001,18(6):321-324

对上海地区葡萄促成栽培的几个主要品种的休眠需冷量进行了调查,发现在供试的5个品种中以里扎马特的需冷量最低,自然条件下仅为447.5h;其次为京亚和巨峰,需冷量均低于1000h;绯红和无核白鸡心需冷量最高,均超过1000h。由此推算,上海地区葡萄结束自然休眠的时间在1月上旬至2月中旬。打破休眠的试验表明以20%石灰氮12月中旬处理效果最佳。  相似文献   

笼养鸡舍鸡粪固态处理系统的研究     

金林生  孟子江 《家畜生态》1994,15(1):14-17

上海出现多种笼养鸡舍液态鸡粪的处理方法，似均存在投资大、运行费用高、操作管理复杂、技术不过关或不配套等缺点。作者设计了“鸡粪固态处理系统”，其思路是在笼养鸡舍内就使粪与饮水严格分流。本文介绍了该系统的工艺流程、设施改造。日常管理等。实践证明该系统具有投资很少、运行费用甚低。操作管理十分简单、不占用土地和效益相当突出的优点，确是一项简易的实用技术。  相似文献   

环境温度和饲粮营养浓度对生长期母兔代谢能利用率的影响     

金岭梅  D.J.Farrell  E.Thomson 《动物营养学报》1989,(1)

选用6只9周龄新西兰母兔,评定环境温度和饲粮营养浓度对生长期母兔代谢能利用率的影响。试验在密闭式的小动物呼吸测热柜中进行。分别对处于环境温度为20±2℃和30±2℃,采食两种不同营养浓度的试兔进行测试。饲粮营养水平实测值,分别为12.22kJ ME/g和13.49kJ ME/g;粗蛋白质(CP)分别为17.3％和21.6％;中性洗涤纤维(NDF)分别为23.7％和16.5％。结果表明:环境温度影响试兔的能量平衡,它与采食量间存在着显著的相关。20±2℃时,相关系数r=0.798;30±2℃时,相关系数r=0.875。在本试验设计范围内,饲粮营养浓度并不影响代谢能食入量(ME_I),热增耗(HP)和能量平衡(EB)。当环境温度为20±2℃和30±2℃时,表观代谢能转化率(NE/ME)分别为51％和71％;每天每兔每千克代谢体重代谢能维持需要分别为396 kJ和361 kJ。试验结果认为:环境温度影响营养物质消化率(P相似文献   

单克隆抗体ELISA检测犊牛粪便中冠状病毒抗原     

陈焕春  金梅林 《中国兽医杂志》1995,21(1):8-11

用两株单克隆抗体混合后包被ＥＬＬＩＳＡ微孔板，加牛冠状病毒抗原，加经白陶土处理过的兔抗牛冠状病毒免血清，再加上辣根氧化物酶标记的羊抗兔ＩｇＧ抗体，加底物质显色间接ＥＬＩＳＡ检测牛冠状病毒抗原获得成功。用此方法检测细胞培养的牛冠状病毒上清液，其敏感度高出血凝试验（ＨＡ）８倍，从武汉市附近３个奶牛场采集犊牛腹泻粪便１０５份，用单抗ＥＬＩＳＡ检测牛冠状病毒抗原，共检出阳性３６份，并与血凝及血凝抑制试验，  相似文献   

羔羊全营养代乳粉对羔羊增重影响的试验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

魏荣安  范进江  张永胜  何其宏  刘家平  马春萍  陈玲香  库木斯汗 《畜牧兽医杂志》2003,22(1):4-6

为了研究羔羊出生后采取人工饲喂代乳粉溶液的效果，对10日龄羔羊称重，以平均日增重与母乳组比较，用t检验方法检验差异显著性。研究结果显示羔羊平均日增重试验组为0.097-0.126kg，母乳组为0.071-0.113kg，二者没有显著差异。在生产中，代乳粉能替代绵羊母乳饲喂羔羊，对多胎品系羊的推广应用以及解决绵羊缺乳、少乳或无乳问题具有重要意义。  相似文献   

反刍动物瘤胃甲烷产生的调控措施   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郭雪峰  金海  卢德勋 《畜牧与饲料科学》2006,27(5):61-64

综述了近几年对反刍动物瘤胃甲烷的产生所采取的各种调控措施，如通过饲养管理调控甲烷产生、控制乙酸和丙酸的比例、提供电子释放的新途径、添加抑制剂及引入其他菌等几个方面。其中部分措施在目前应用中存在着一定的局限性，因此笔者对未来调控反刍动物瘤胃甲烷的措施进行了展望。  相似文献