The use of cardboard bedding material as part of an environmental control regime for heaves-affected horses: in vitro assessment of airborne dust and aeroallergen concentration and in vivo effects on lung function     

Kirschvink N  Di Silvestro F  Sbaï I  Vandenput S  Art T  Roberts C  Lekeux P 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2002,163(3):319-325

This study aimed to test whether shredded cardboard is an appropriate minimum-dust bedding material for heaves-affected horses. Results of standardized in vitro measurement of airborne dust and aeroallergen concentrations of cardboard bedding were significantly lower than those of common bedding materials. Six heaves-affected horses in clinical remission after pasturing were stabled for two months on cardboard bedding and fed grass silage. Pulmonary function tests (PFT: ventilatory mechanics, arterial blood gases, airway inflammation scoring, bronchoalveolar cytology) were performed before, during and after this period and after stabling the horses in poor hygienic conditions. PFT values measured during and after the stabling period on cardboard bedding were not significantly different from those recorded after the period at pasture or from those of healthy horses, but were significantly different from those recorded in poor hygienic conditions. On basis of the in vitro and in vivo results it can be concluded that cardboard bedding, used in conjunction with low-dust forage, may be appropriate in the provision of minimum-dust management of heaves-affected horses.  相似文献   

Quantification of sterols and aliphatic alcohols in Mediterranean stone pine (Pinus pinea L.) populations     

Nasri N  Fady B  Triki S 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(6):2251-2255

Individual components of Pinus pinea L. oil unsaponifiable matter isolated from seven Mediterranean populations were identified and quantified. P. pinea oil unsaponifiable matter contained very high levels of phytosterols (>or=4298 mg kg-1 of total extracted lipids), of which beta-sitosterol was the most abundant (74%). Aliphatic alcohol contents were 1365 mg kg-1 of total extracted lipids, of which octacosanol was the most abundant (41%). Two alcohols (hexacosanol and octacosanol), which are usually absent in common vegetable oils, were described for P. pinea oils. There were almost no differences in the total unsaponifiable matter of the seven Mediterranean populations studied. However, sterol and aliphatic alcohol contents showed some variability, with Tunisian and Moroccan populations showing very different and higher contents.  相似文献   

Listening to the unseen: Passive acoustic monitoring reveals the presence of a cryptic fish species     

Marta Picciulin  Loïc Kver  Eric Parmentier  Marta Bolgan 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2019,29(2):202-210

Is Pseudanodonta complanata the most vulnerable of widespread European species of unionids? An intense stress test leading to a massive die‐off     

Adam M. &#x;miel  Katarzyna Zaj&#x;c  Anna M. Lipi&#x;ska  Tadeusz Zaj&#x;c 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2019,29(12):2185-2192

The use of tuna industry waste in the practical diets of juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus,L.): effect on growth performance,nutrient digestibility and oxidative status     

Saber Abdelkader Saïdi  Mohamed Salah Azaza  Abdelwaheb Abdelmouleh  Jos van Pelt  Mohamed Mejdeddine Kraïem  Abdelfattah El‐Feki 《Aquaculture Research》2010,41(12):1875-1886

A 45‐day feeding trial was conducted to study the effect of replacing dietary fish meal (FM) with a tuna by‐product meal (TBM) on the growth, feed efficiency, carcass composition and stress oxidative status of juvenile Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L.). Triplicate groups of fish (2.21 ± 0.01 g) were fed on four iso‐nitrogenous and iso‐energetic diets. The control diet (A₀) used FM as the sole source of animal protein. In the other three diets (A₁₀–A₃₀), 33%–100% of FM was substituted by TBM at 10% increments. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in growth performance among fish fed on diets A₀, A₁₀ and A₂₀. Fish fed these experimental diets (i.e., A₀, A₁₀ and A₂₀) showed significantly (P<0.05) better daily mass gain, specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio than those fed on diet A₃₀. Feed conversion ratio increased with increasing TBM content, but only the value found in fish fed on diet A₃₀ differed significantly (P<0.05) from the other treatments. The fish accumulated increasing quantities of lipids and decreasing levels of ash in their carcasses with increasing levels of dietary TBM. At the end of the experimental period, a significant increase (P<0.001) in catalase and glutathione S‐transferase activities was seen only in groups fed on diet A₃₀. Similarly, a significant enhancement in glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities was observed in groups fed on diets A₂₀ and A₃₀ compared with the other groups. The results show that this product can be included up to 20% in practical Nile tilapia diets without any detrimental effects.  相似文献   

Availability of essential amino acids,nutrient utilisation and growth in juvenile black tiger shrimp,Penaeus monodon,following fishmeal replacement by plant protein     

Lenaïg Richard  Anne Surget  Vincent Rigolet  Sadasivam J. Kaushik  Inge Geurden 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2011

Two trials with juvenile black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) were undertaken to study the effects of replacing fishmeal by different levels of plant proteins on growth performances and nutrient utilisation of shrimp in semi-intensive conditions (Expt. 1) and on the availability of dietary nitrogen (N) and amino acids (Expt. 2). Five isoproteic diets (on crude protein basis) were formulated to contain 34, 24, 16, 8, or 0% fishmeal, with fishmeal being replaced by a mixture of plant protein (corn gluten meal, wheat gluten, and rapeseed meal). In Expt. 1, the shrimp (initial body weight, IBW 1.5 ± 0.1 g) were reared in earthen ponds for 144 days and fed one of the experimental diets. Apparent digestibility of nutrients and AA were assessed in Expt. 2, using 150 L tanks and shrimp of 12.8 ± 0.4 g IBW. After 144 days in grow-out ponds, shrimp fed the diet with 24% of fishmeal had similar growth as those fed the control diet containing 34% fishmeal (0% replacement). When 50% or more of the fishmeal were replaced, weight gain as well as N and energy gains significantly decreased. Digestibility of dry matter, protein and energy was also significantly lower in all fishmeal-replaced diets. In particular, leucine digestibility decreased by 26% at 100% replacement, which was significantly correlated to an increased incorporation of corn gluten meal. Our data confirm the need to improve our knowledge on AA availability and raw material quality in order to improve fishmeal replacement in P. monodon diets.  相似文献   

城市污水厂污泥快速高效堆肥技术研究   总被引：15，自引：1，他引：14  

李宇庆  陈玲  赵建夫  许民  C.Paul Lo 《农业环境科学学报》2005,24(2):380-383

采用好氧发酵仓式堆肥系统,研究了城市污泥处理过程中温度、含水率、pH、有机质、水溶性有机碳和发芽指数等指标参数的变化规律。结果表明,当物料初始含水率控制在60%左右时,在强制通风量为300L·m in-1,搅拌频率为5m in·8h-1～5m in·12h-1的工艺条件下,堆肥过程可以实现顺利升温并在55℃以上维持4d,满足杀灭致病菌要求的条件;14d反应周期结束时,物料含水率、水溶性有机碳和有机质含量显著降低,堆肥产品腐熟,卫生学指标达到了美国E PA污泥产品A类标准;得到的污泥产品成为性质优良的土壤质量调节剂。  相似文献