Regional distribution of microsomal xenobiotic and steroid metabolism in kidney microsomes from rainbow trout     

Maija Pesonen  Tiiu Hansson  Lars Förlin  Tommy Andersson 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1990,8(2):141-145

The regional distribution of microsomal cytochrome P-450-mediated reactions with exogenous and endogenous substrates in the kidney of rainbow trout was studied. The cytochrome P-450-dependent 7-ethoxyresorufin- and 7-ethoxycoumarin-0-deethylase activities were significantly higher (3–4 and 10–14 fold, respectively) in the trunk kidney than in the head kidney, whereas ethylmorphine-N-demethylase activity was evenly distributed along the kidney. The microsomal cytochrome P-450-dependent steroid hydroxylases and steroid reducing enzymes when using androstenedione as substrate also exhibited a regional distribution in trout kidney. The 6β- and 16-hydroxylase activities as well as the 5α-reductase and 17 hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase activities were higher in the anterior part of the trunk kidney than in the head kidney and posterior trunk kidney.  相似文献   

Effects of medetomidine,l‐methadone,and their combination on arterial blood gases in dogs     

Marja R Raekallio DVM  PhD  Maija P Räihä DVM  Maarit H Alanen DVM  Nina M Sarén DVM  Tove A Tuovio DVM 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2009,36(2):158-161

ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of l–methadone on medetomidine–induced changes in arterial blood gases and clinical sedation in dogs.Study designProspective experimental cross–over study (Latin square design).AnimalsFive 1–year–old purpose bred laboratory beagle dogs of both sexes.MethodsEach dog was treated three times: medetomidine (20 μg kg^?1 IV), l–methadone (0.1 mg kg^?1 IV) and their combination. Arterial blood was collected for blood gas analysis. Heart and respiratory rates were recorded, and clinical sedation and reaction to a painful stimulus were scored before drug administration and at various time points for 30 minutes thereafter.ResultsArterial partial pressure of oxygen decreased slightly after medetomidine administration and further after medetomidine/l–methadone administration (range 55.2–86.7 mmHg, 7.4–11.6 kPa, at 5 minutes). A slight increase was detected in arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide after administration of l–methadone and medetomidine/l–methadone (42.6 ± 2.9 and 44.7 ± 2.4 mmHg, 5.7 ± 0.4 and 6.0 ± 0.3 kPa, 30 minutes after drug administration, respectively). Arterial pH decreased slightly after administration of l–methadone and medetomidine/l–methadone. Heart and respiratory rates decreased after administration of medetomidine and medetomidine/l–methadone, and no differences were detected between the two treatments. Most dogs panted after administration of l–methadone and there was slight sedation. Medetomidine induced moderate or deep sedation, and all dogs were deeply sedated after administration of medetomidine/l–methadone. Reaction to a noxious stimulus was strong or moderate after administration of methadone, moderate or absent after administration of medetomidine, and absent after administration of medetomidine/l–methadone.Conclusions and clinical relevanceAt the doses used in this study, l–methadone potentiated the sedative and analgesic effects and the decrease in arterial oxygenation induced by medetomidine in dogs, which limits the clinical use of this combination.  相似文献   

LTSER platforms as a place-based transdisciplinary research infrastructure: learning landscape approach through evaluation     

Angelstam  Per  Manton  Michael  Elbakidze  Marine  Sijtsma  Frans  Adamescu  Mihai Cristian  Avni  Noa  Beja  Pedro  Bezak  Peter  Zyablikova  Iryna  Cruz  Fatima  Bretagnolle  Vincent  Díaz-Delgado  Ricardo  Ens  Bruno  Fedoriak  Mariia  Flaim  Giovanna  Gingrich  Simone  Lavi-Neeman  Miri  Medinets  Sergey  Melecis  Viesturs  Muñoz-Rojas  Jose  Schäckermann  Jessica  Stocker-Kiss  Andrea  Setälä  Heikki  Stryamets  Natalie  Taka  Maija  Tallec  Gaelle  Tappeiner  Ulrike  Törnblom  Johan  Yamelynets  Taras 《Landscape Ecology》2019,34(7):1461-1484

Landscape Ecology - Place-based transdisciplinary research involves multiple academic disciplines and non-academic actors. Long-Term Socio-Ecological Research (LTSER) platform is one concept with ~...  相似文献   

Effects of Natural Chelating Agents on the Solubility of Some Physiologically Important Mineral Elements in Oat Bran and Oat Flakes     

Pivi Ekholm  Liisa Virkki  Maija Ylinen  Liisa Johansson  Pertti Varo 《Cereal Chemistry》2000,77(5):562-566

The solubility of mineral elements from oat bran and flake samples was studied by a method using equilibrium dialysis after enzymatic digestion of starch and proteins. The effects of six potential chelating agents common in food were tested on the solubility of mineral elements. The minerals studied were calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc and potassium, and the chelating agents were citric, lactic, malic, and ascorbic acids, glucose and xylitol. The mineral elements were tightly bound to the dietary fiber of the samples. Bran fiber bound even the zinc and calcium contributed through the enzymes used. Adding citric, malic, or lactic acids increased the solubility of the mineral elements studied, except for potassium which was easily dialyzable as such. Iron was insoluble in all situations. Citric acid was the most efficient chelating agent in solubilizing the mineral elements. The effect of malic and lactic acids on the solubility of minerals was small. No effect was found with glucose, ascorbic acid, and xylitol. Thus, the intestinal availability of mineral elements may be affected by dietary hydroxy acids such as citric and malic acids in high dietary fiber diets.  相似文献