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51.
Tomoharu Kawahara Kazuhiro Toyoda Akinori Kiba Akiko Miura Takako Ohgawara Mikihiro Yamamoto Yoshishige Inagaki Yuki Ichinose Tomonori Shiraishi 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2003,69(1):33-38
Two nucleoside triphosphatase (NTPase) cDNA clones were isolated from a cDNA library of Pisum sativum L., cv. Midoriusui. The genes encoding the cDNAs were designated PsAPY1 and PsAPY2. PsAPY1 included the N-terminal amino acid sequence of an NTPase bound to pea cell wall. The phylogenic analysis indicated that PsAPY1 belongs to an NTPase subfamily responsive to environmental stimuli and that PsAPY2 belongs to a discrete subfamily, the physiological role of which is almost unknown. The adenosine triphosphatase activity
of recombinant PsAPY1 was regulated by an elicitor and a suppressor from the pea pathogen Mycosphaerella pinodes. Based on these findings, we discuss the role of NTPases in response to biological stresses.
Received: May 27, 2002 / Accepted: July 31, 2002 相似文献
52.
53.
Hiroyuki Hamada Shigeharu Takeuchi Akinori Kiba Shinya Tsuda Kazumi Suzuki Yasufumi Hikichi Tetsuro Okuno 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2005,71(1):90-94
Amino acid changes in Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) coat protein (CP) that enhance, decrease, or nullify the resistance-inducing activity in Capsicum plants carrying the L
3
gene have been identified. In this study, molecular events underlying the L
3
-gene-mediated resistance were analyzed through the expression of hypersensitive response (HR)-related genes, HSR203J-Cc and HIN1-Cc, and defense-related genes, PR1-Cc and PR4b-Cc, upon infection with PMMoV CP mutants. The expression kinetics of the genes correlated with the degree of restriction of virus distribution in the inoculated leaves. The results suggest that the timing and extent of HR are critical factors to restrict virus spread both locally and systemically in L
3
-gene-mediated resistance.The nucleotide sequence data reported are available in the DDBJ/GenBank/EMBL databases under accession numbers AB162220 (HSR203J-Cc), AB162221 (HIN1-Cc), AB162222 (PR1-Cc), and AB162223 (PR4b-Cc) 相似文献
54.
Hidetoshi NARA Miho INOUE-MURAYAMA Akiko KOSHIMURA Akinori SUGIYAMA Yuichi MURAYAMA Masami MAEJIMA Yuko UEDA Hideyuki ITO Ettore RANDI Heui-Soo KIM Ji-Hong HA Hitoshi KITAGAWA Yukari TAKEUCHI Yuji MORI Toshiroh IWASAKI Mitsuo MORITA Katuaki ÔTA Shin'ichi ITO 《Animal Science Journal》2005,76(1):81-86
Various dog breeds are remarkably different from each other not only in their sizes and shapes but also in behavioral traits, suggesting that some of these characteristics are under genetic control. However, little is known about genes related to behavioral traits in canine species. In humans, it has been reported that the dopamine receptor D4 gene (DRD4) includes polymorphism at several regions that relate to personality or psychiatric disorders. In an earlier study by the authors of the present study, the polymorphisms in canine DRD4 exon III and exon I regions were reported. In the present study, a novel polymorphism in canine DRD4 intron II was found based on a 17 base pair insertion/deletion, and the two alleles detected were named P (shorter allele) and Q (longer allele). The allelic distribution in 28 breeds of dog, including a total of 1114 unrelated individuals, were then investigated. Both P and Q alleles were detected in most of the breeds investigated; however, the frequencies of P and Q differed greatly between breeds. With respect to classification based on breed origin, P and Q alleles were frequent in Occidental and Oriental breeds, respectively. Furthermore, two subspecies of wolves, the ancestors of dogs, were analyzed for the comparison of allele frequencies with dogs, and the P allele was predominant in both European and Chinese wolves. 相似文献
55.
The quantitative relationship between the structure of 2-(arylimino) thiazolidines (AITs), arylethanolamines (AEAs) and 2-(arylalkylamino)-2-thi-azolines (AATs) and their octopamine (OA)-agonist activities against the ventral nerve cord of American cockroach, Periplaneta americana L., was analysed using reported physicochemical parameters and regression analysis. The electronic nature of a substituent was the most important factor for AAT, followed by the hydrophobic effects: the more electron-donating and the more hydrophobic the substituent, the greater the activity. The hydrophobic nature of a substituent in AEA was the most important factor, followed by the steric effects: the more hydrophobic the substituent, the greater the activity. The more electron-donating the substituent of AIT, the greater the activity. 相似文献
56.
Yuko Tajima Akinori Shimada Tadasu K Yamada Daniel F Cowan 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2007,38(1):108-113
Amyloidosis is a disease characterized by the tissue deposition of autologous extracellular fibrillar proteins that can result in compression of adjacent tissues. Amyloidosis is well-recognized in a wide variety of animals, including mammals, birds, and reptiles. However, to date, there is only one report of amyloidosis in cetaceans. During 1999 and 2000, among 12 Stejneger's beaked whales (Mesoplodon stejnegeri) that were stranded along the Sea of Japan's coast, amyloidosis was found in two whales (case 1, 498 cm, male; case 2, 520 cm, female). For this study population, the prevalence rate of amyloidosis was approximately 17%. These two animals were considered physically and sexually mature based on body length, external features, gonad characteristics, and skeletal features. Livers were notably swollen, fragile, and pale (brownish yellow) on gross examination. A large deposit of amyloid was found in Disse's spaces along with marked atrophy of the hepatocytes. Numerous granulomas, including many nematodes (Crassicauda sp.), were found along with amyloid deposition in the kidneys. Amyloid was also detected in the heart, spleen, adrenal gland, and pancreas. Amyloid in both cases was identified by typical morphology on H&E and Congo red staining. Electron microscopy displayed a typical network of fine fibrils measuring about 11 nm in diameter. This is the first report of amyloidosis in two Stejneger's beaked whales stranded on the coast of the Sea of Japan. 相似文献
57.
Sadanobu Katoh Tohru Furukawa Akinori Mizuguchi Takeshi Furuno 《Journal of Wood Science》2006,52(5):466-469
Variations in the compositions of low boiling point (LBP) monoterpenes in needle samples from 99 sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) and 100 kuromatsu (Pinus thunbergii) trees were investigated using a headspace technique. Considerable variations in the proportions of monoterpenes were revealed
in both species. In sugi, the proportions of sabinene and α-pinene in the total LBP monoterpenes, ranging from 8.8% to 73.3% and from 14.5% to 73.3%, respectively, showed enormous variations
among nine monoterpenes. The proportions of 3-carene and limonene, ranging from 0.1% to 29.5% and from 0.2% to 20.4%, respectively,
also showed very specific variations. In kuromatsu, the proportions of β-pinene and α-pinene in the total LBP monoterpenes, ranging from 26.5% to 66.3% and from 18.7% to 46.9%, respectively, showed considerable
variations among ten monoterpenes. The proportions of myrcene and 1,8-cineole, ranging from 0.9% to 18.5% and from 0.8% to
12.3%, respectively, also showed specific variations.
Part of this article was presented at the 50th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Kyoto, April, 2000, and
the 13th Annual Meeting of the Chugoku Shikoku Branch of the Japan Wood Research Society, Okayama, September 2001 相似文献
58.
Tanaka A Hoshinoo K Hoshino T Tagawa Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(3):255-262
Nucleotide sequences of 16S rDNA and rpoB gene of 25 bovine and 6 ovine Histophilus somni strains were determined to detect subtle differences between the host animal species. The 1465 nucleotide residues of the 16S rDNA exhibited levels of sequence similarities of 99.4% or more. The high sequence similarity of the 16S rDNA of recently described species H. somni was confirmed in the 31 strains from cattle and sheep. These results suggested that the intra-specific diversity of 16S rDNA was limited in bovine and ovine strains of H. somni. The specific association of strains was also observed in the 311 bp region of rpoB gene which sequence similarities were 98.6% or more. However, the phylogenetic tree analysis of the rpoB gene showed that the ovine strains appeared to form a subgroup recovered in 70% of the bootstrap trees. In the 311 bp region of the ovine strains, a HincII restriction endonuclease site was detected. The PCR-amplified rpoB DNA of 46 bovine and 20 ovine H. somni strains were examined for the digestion with HincII. As the results, 17 strains of ovine strains were cleaved by the enzyme but none of the bovine strains appeared to possess the restriction site. The restriction enzyme analysis of rpoB gene may be useful to differentiate ovine strains from bovine strains of H. somni. 相似文献
59.
Estimation of genetic parameters for carcass defects of Japanese Black cattle in Kagoshima 下载免费PDF全文
Kazutaka Nishi Takeshi Shimogiri Akinori Kusano Shinichi Sakamoto Kiyomi Shiromoto Kotaro Kawabe Shin Okamoto Takeshi Honda Kenji Oyama 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(5):655-660
Cattle exhibit a range of carcass defects, including blood splash (BLS), intramuscular edema (INE), muscle steatosis (MUS), bruising (BR), trim loss (TRL) and others (OTH). These defects lower the carcass value and can result in significant economic loss to producers. We estimated the incidence, relationship with inbreeding coefficients and genetic parameters of carcass defects in Japanese Black cattle using 561 619 carcass records from Kagoshima, Japan during April 1988 through March 2011. The defect incidence ranged from 0.22% for TRL to 5.73% for BR. The incidence of MUS and BR increased from 1.21% to 6.57% and from 1.06% to 9.31%, respectively. The incidence of INE peaked at 7.44% in 1999 and decreased thereafter. We observed a positive linear relationship between the defect incidence and the inbreeding coefficients in MUS, BR and TRL (P < 0.01). The heritabilities estimated by univariate animal model with Gibbs sampling for BLS, INE, MUS, BR and TRL were 0.24, 0.06, 0.18, 0.05 and 0.02, respectively. The contribution of farm variance to phenotypic variance was negligible (0.01 to 0.04). Significant genetic correlations of TRL were estimated with MUS (0.63) and BR (0.63). Our results suggest that genetic factors contribute to the incidence of BLS and MUS. 相似文献
60.
Yasufumi Hikichi Ullah Md Wali Kouhei Ohnishi Akinori Kiba 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2013,79(6):379-389
Pseudomonas cichorii causes rot on lettuce leaves, distinct from the necrotic spots of infected eggplant leaves. On lettuce leaves, P. cichorii invades intercellular spaces through stomata and grows vigorously, causing rot on the leaves. Surprisingly, P. cichorii does not produce pectate lyase, the most important enzyme for degrading plant cell walls. Alternatively, infection with P. cichorii causes heterochromatin condensation and DNA laddering in lettuce cells, followed by induced cell death, which results in disease symptoms. Thus, apoptotic programmed cell death (PCD) is associated with the symptoms on lettuce leaves. Although PCD in P. cichorii-infected eggplant leaves is also associated with necrotic spots caused by the bacteria, there are differences in the responses of the two hosts. P. cichorii harbors the N-acetyltransferase family gene (pat) and the hrp genes (hrp) encoding a type III secretion system, adjacent to an aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (aldH). The virulence of P. cichorii is hrp-dependent in eggplant, but not in lettuce. Furthermore, hrp, pat and aldH are implicated in the diversity of P. cichorii virulence on susceptible Asteraceae species. The involvement of hrp, aldH and pat in bacterial virulence on the respective species has no relationship with the phylogeny of the plants species. When these results are considered together, P. cichorii has multiple virulence determinants. The involvement of not only hrp but also aldH and pat in P. cichorii virulence arose after species diversification of host plants. Host responses implicated in symptom development have been responsible for the development of virulence determinants of P. cichorii. 相似文献