Disseminated panniculitis in a bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) due to Mycobacterium chelonae infection     

Arno Wiinschmann  Anibal Armien  N Beth Harris  Barbara A Brown-Elliott  Richard J Wallace  James Rasmussen  Michelle Willette  Tiffany Wolf 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2008,39(3):412-420

A 14-year-old female bottlenose dolphin was diagnosed with mycobacterial panniculitis based on punch biopsy specimens. The necropsy revealed numerous pyogranulomas in the blubber, as well as marked acute multifocal necrosuppurative pneumonia and lymphadenitis. In addition, the animal had marked scoliosis, which had first been noted clinically in the dolphin at about 1 mo of age. The animal had been treated with low-dose dexamethasone for approximately the last 19 mo to reduce perceived discomfort from spondyloarthritis and with the progestational agent altrogenest for approximately 8 yr to prevent pregnancy. Acid-fast positive bacilli were detected in the dermis but not in lung or lymph nodes. Mycobacterium chelonae was isolated from pooled skin, lung, and peripheral lymph-node tissue. Mycobacterial infection may be considered as a differential diagnosis in bottlenose dolphins with generalized cutaneous inflammation, particularly if chronic steroid and progesterone treatments were administered, both of which may have an immunomodulatory effect.  相似文献   

Hypernatraemia in 39 hospitalised foals: clinical findings,primary diagnosis and outcome          下载免费PDF全文

NM Collins  JB Carrick  CM Russell  JE Axon 《Australian veterinary journal》2018,96(10):385-389

  相似文献   

Physical activity, diet and gene-environment interactions in relation to body mass index and waist circumference: the Swedish young male twins study     

Karnehed N  Tynelius P  Heitmann BL  Rasmussen F 《Public health nutrition》2006,9(7):851-858

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to examine the relationships between genetic susceptibility to obesity, physical activity (PA), dietary fibre, sugar and fat intakes and 4-year changes in body mass index (BMI) and attained waist circumference (WC) in a cohort of 287 monozygotic and 189 dizygotic young adult male twin pairs. Increased knowledge about interactions between genes and environment may provide insight into why some individuals are more prone to obesity than others. DESIGN: Information about PA, BMI, dietary habits, WC and potential confounders was collected by questionnaire in 1998 and 2002. The cohort data were analysed by mixed linear models. RESULTS: Twins with low PA attained larger WC than twins with high PA (difference 2.5 cm; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3, 3.6). The twins with the lowest fibre intake were found to have attained the highest WC and to have increased most in BMI (difference between highest and lowest fibre intakes: 1.6 cm, 95% CI 0.4, 2.9 and 0.45 kg m(-2), 95% CI 0.15, 0.76, respectively). Furthermore, our results suggested the presence of interactions so that twins with genetic susceptibility to obesity were more prone to have larger WC if sedentary than twins without genetic susceptibility. CONCLUSION: PA and a diet rich in fibre may be protective against weight gain among younger adult men. An interaction between PA, genes and attained WC is a novel finding which needs confirmation by other studies.  相似文献   

Klebsiella to Salmonella gene transfer within rumen protozoa: implications for antibiotic resistance and rumen defaunation     

McCuddin ZP  Carlson SA  Rasmussen MA  Franklin SK 《Veterinary microbiology》2006,114(3-4):275-284

The rumen has long been thought to be a site of gene transfer for microorganisms. Rumen protozoa (RPz) are active predators of bacteria that can harbor antibiotic resistance genes. In this study, RPz were assessed as sites of gene transfer between two bacterial species, Salmonella and Klebsiella. One Klebsiella isolate carried a plasmid bearing bla(CMY-2), encoding an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase conferring ceftriaxone resistance, while the Salmonella was susceptible to ceftriaxone yet capable of thriving within protozoa. In vitro studies revealed that ceftriaxone-resistant Salmonella could be isolated following co-incubation of Salmonella and Klebsiella with RPz obtained from adult cattle and goats. Ceftriaxone-resistant Salmonella were not recovered in the presence of an inhibitor of protozoa engulfment or when a protozoa-sensitive Salmonella was part of the co-incubation. This transfer event was additionally observed in vitro for protozoa-independent stressors although at a significantly lower frequency. The gene transfer event was related to bacterial conjugation since a conjugation inhibitor, nalidixic acid, perturbed the phenomenon. Ceftriaxone-resistant Salmonella were recovered from calves, sheep, and goats co-challenged with ceftriaxone-resistant Klebsiella and ceftriaxone-sensitive Salmonella. However, the transfer event was not observed in calves and sheep that were defaunated prior to the co-challenge. Moreover, Salmonella transconjugants were isolated from separate bovine in vivo studies involving a Klebsiella donor carrying a plasmid conferring colicin activity while no such transconjugants were obtained from defaunated calves. These results provide an important basis for evaluating and preventing the spread of antibiotic resistance and other selective advantages for pathogens present in ruminants.  相似文献   

Clovis age Western Stemmed projectile points and human coprolites at the Paisley Caves     

DL Jenkins  LG Davis  TW Stafford  PF Campos  B Hockett  GT Jones  LS Cummings  C Yost  TJ Connolly  RM Yohe  SC Gibbons  M Raghavan  M Rasmussen  JL Paijmans  M Hofreiter  BM Kemp  JL Barta  C Monroe  MT Gilbert  E Willerslev 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,337(6091):223-228

The Paisley Caves in Oregon record the oldest directly dated human remains (DNA) in the Western Hemisphere. More than 100 high-precision radiocarbon dates show that deposits containing artifacts and coprolites ranging in age from 12,450 to 2295 (14)C years ago are well stratified. Western Stemmed projectile points were recovered in deposits dated to 11,070 to 11,340 (14)C years ago, a time contemporaneous with or preceding the Clovis technology. There is no evidence of diagnostic Clovis technology at the site. These two distinct technologies were parallel developments, not the product of a unilinear technological evolution. "Blind testing" analysis of coprolites by an independent laboratory confirms the presence of human DNA in specimens of pre-Clovis age. The colonization of the Americas involved multiple technologically divergent, and possibly genetically divergent, founding groups.  相似文献   

Detection of Minchinia occulta in samples of pearl oysters Pinctada maxima infected by Haplosporidium hinei   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

D Bearham  ZB Spiers  SR Raidal  JB Jones  PK Nicholls 《Australian veterinary journal》2009,87(11):430-437

Objective   To determine if juvenile pearl oysters ( Pinctada maxima ) infected with Haplosporidium hinei are also infected with another haplosporidian parasite, Minchinia occulta .
Design   Archived samples of pearl oysters infected with H. hinei were examined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays and in situ hybridisation (ISH) to analyse and identify haplosporidians. A 144-bp and 220-bp region of Minchinia DNA were targeted by PCR and amplified DNA from formalin-fixed H. hinei -infected pearl oyster samples was sequenced. A 25-bp oligonucleotide probe targeting a variable section of the parasite's small subunit rRNA gene was used in ISH.
Results   The results of DNA-based diagnostic assays supported each other. The sequences obtained by PCR were found to be almost identical to M. occulta from rock oysters and the ISH assay demonstrated infection with M. occulta in affected pearl oysters. ISH indicated a prevalence of infection of 26.7% in one of the previous outbreaks.
Conclusion   Pearl oyster spat are susceptible to infection by a Minchinia parasite, most likely M. occulta , which was recently identified in rock oysters within the pearl-producing zones of Western Australia and is associated with mortalities of up to 80% in this species. The occurrence of haplosporidian co-infections in pearl oysters suggests the immunocompetence of juvenile oysters may be an important factor in preventing infection and therefore preventing mortalities such as those occurring in the recent outbreaks of pearl oyster oedema disease.  相似文献   

Aerial Transmission of Thielaviopsis basicola, a Pathogen of Corn-Salad, by Adult Shore Flies     

Stanghellini ME  Rasmussen SL  Kim DH 《Phytopathology》1999,89(6):476-479

ABSTRACT Chlamydospores of Thielaviopsis basicola were consistently observed in frass excreted by adults and larvae of shore flies that were collected in the immediate vicinity of naturally infected corn-salad plants obtained from a commercial greenhouse production facility. Approximately 95% of the adult flies and 85% of the larvae were internally infested with the pathogen. Pathogen-free adult shore flies were subsequently shown to acquire the pathogen by ingestion after feeding on naturally infected plants. Viable propagules of the pathogen were excreted by these internally infested adults and were capable of transmitting the pathogen to healthy seedlings, which subsequently became infected.  相似文献   

Investigations on the Influence of Helminth Parasites on Vaccination of Chickens against Newcastle Disease Virus under Village Conditions     

Hørning G  Rasmussen S  Permin A  Bisgaard M 《Tropical animal health and production》2003,35(5):415-424

Prevalence studies have shown that almost 100% of free-range chickens are infected with a wide range of parasites. The infections are mostly subclinical in nature, resulting in production losses and occasionally mortality. Newcastle disease (ND), on the other hand, results in high mortality rates during epidemics. ND is a limiting factor for increasing poultry production in many tropical countries, where frequent reports indicate vaccination failures. The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of helminths on the antibody response after vaccination against Newcastle disease of free-range chickens naturally infected with parasites. Sixty chickens were divided into six groups, of which three were vaccinated against ND with a live De Soto vaccine, while the other three remained non-vaccinated. One group within the vaccinated groups and the one within the non-vaccinated group was kept naturally infected with helminth parasites, while the other two groups in each set were dewormed with fenbendazole and niclosamide, and one of each of these groups was subsequently infected with Ascaridia galli. After vaccination, all the groups were followed for 5 weeks and their antibody titres were determined weekly using a HI test. All the birds were finally challenged 4 weeks after vaccination with a virulent velogenic ND virus obtained from a field outbreak. All the vaccinated chickens seroconverted and had high antibody levels after 3 weeks, but these dropped to low levels at 4 weeks after vaccination. After challenge, the antibody titres rose in the dewormed groups but not in the parasite-infected groups. After 5 weeks, all the parasite-infected animals had significantly lower antibody titres than the dewormed animals. All the vaccinated chickens survived the challenge infection, emphasizing the importance of the cellular immune response. Further studies are needed to examine the effects of the parasitic infection on protection against ND over a longer period.  相似文献   

Cytotoxic constituents of Alectra and Striga species     

C Rank  L S Rasmussen  S R Jensen  S Pierce†  M C Press‡  & J D Scholes‡ 《Weed Research》2004,44(4):265-270

Decimation of cereal growth and yields by hemiparasitic Striga species cannot be accounted for entirely by the removal of host‐plant resources. The production of toxic compounds by the parasite has been suggested. An investigation of three species of the economically important Striga and the related Alectra vogelii has now resulted in the isolation of eight iridoid glucosides (mussaenosidic acid, mussaenoside, gardoside methyl ester, bartsioside, isoaucubin, melittoside, aucubin and eurostoside), two caffeoyl phenylethyl glycosides (calceolarioside  A and verbascoside) as well as shikimic acid and trigonelline, all identified by NMR spectroscopy. The iridoids are potent cytotoxins and probably represent an anti‐herbivore defence system common to Scrophulariaceae (sensu lato). This has the potential to explain differences in tolerance apparent for contrasting host taxa and cultivars. The nature of the iridoids present also provides additional validation of the recent transferral of parasitic Scrophulariaceae (s.l.) to Orobanchaceae.  相似文献   

Hereditary cerebellar abiotrophy in Australian Kelpie dogs   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

JB THOMAS  D. ROBERTSON 《Australian veterinary journal》1989,66(9):301-302

  相似文献