A comparison of the effects of carbon dioxide and medical air for abdominal insufflation on respiratory parameters in xylazine-sedated sheep undergoing laparoscopic artificial insemination     

JD Haan  BL Hay Kraus  SR Sathe 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2018,66(4):167-171

AIMS: To determine if abdominal insufflation with medical air will improve oxygenation and ventilation parameters when compared to insufflation with CO₂ in xylazine-sedated sheep undergoing laparoscopic artificial insemination (AI).

METHODS: Forty-seven sheep underwent oestrus synchronisation and were fasted for 24 hours prior to laparoscopic AI. Each animal was randomised to receive either CO₂ or medical air for abdominal insufflation. An auricular arterial catheter was placed and utilised for serial blood sampling. Respiratory rates (RR) and arterial blood samples were collected at baseline, after xylazine (0.1?mg/kg I/V) sedation, 2 minutes after Trendelenburg positioning, 5 minutes after abdominal insufflation, and 10 minutes after being returned to a standing position. Blood samples were collected in heparinised syringes, stored on ice, and analysed for arterial pH, partial pressure of arterial O₂ (PaO₂), and CO₂ (PaCO₂). The number of ewes conceiving to AI was also determined.

RESULTS: Repeated measures ANOVA demonstrated temporal effects on RR, PaO₂, PaCO₂ and arterial pH during the laparoscopic AI procedure (p<0.001), but no difference between insufflation groups (p>0.01). No sheep experienced hypercapnia (PaCO₂>50?mmHg) or acidaemia (pH<7.35). Hypoxaemia (PaO₂<70?mmHg) was diagnosed during the procedure in 14/22 (64%) ewes in the CO₂ group compared with 8/23 (35%) ewes in the medical air group (p=0.053). Overall, 15/20 (75%) ewes in the CO₂ group conceived to AI compared with 16/22 (72.7%) in the medical air group (p=0.867).

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: There were no statistical or clinical differences in RR, PaO₂, PaCO₂, pH, or conception to AI when comparing the effects of CO₂ and medical air as abdominal insufflation gases. None of the sheep experienced hypercapnia or acidaemic, yet 42% (19/45) of sheep developed clinical hypoxaemia, with a higher percentage of ewes in the CO₂ group developing hypoxaemia than in the medical air group. Based on the overall analysis, medical air could be utilised as a comparable alternative for abdominal insufflation during laparoscopic AI procedures.  相似文献   

Effects of Confluent, Roscovitine Treatment and Serum Starvation on the Cell-cycle Synchronization of Bovine Foetal Fibroblasts     

SR Cho  SA Ock  JG Yoo  B Mohana kumar  SY Choe  GJ Rho 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2005,40(2):171-176

The present study was designed to examine the effects of cell-cycle synchronization protocols, such as confluent, roscovitine treatment and serum starvation, in bovine foetal fibroblasts on synchronization accuracy at G0/G1, viability, apoptosis, necrosis and ploidy for use as a nuclei donor. The cells in 5-10 passages were randomly allocated into three treated groups. Cells were cultured either in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) + 10% foetal bovine serum (FBS) until 90% confluent (group 1, confluent), in DMEM + 10% FBS + 30 microM roscovitine for 12 h (group 2, roscovitine), or in DMEM + 0.5% FBS for 5 days (group 3, serum starvation). Most of the cells (>80%) in all groups were arrested at the G0/G1 stage. Although the rates did not differ, cells in group 1 showed an increased cell population arrested at the G0/G1 phase. Significantly (p < 0.05) higher rates of apoptosis occurred in group 3 than in group 1 and 2 (10% vs 6% and 6%, respectively). No differences in chromosomal abnormality were observed among groups. However, by increasing the number of cell culture passages up to 15, significantly (p < 0.05) higher chromosomal abnormality was observed than in 5 and 10 passages (39% vs 28% and 23%, respectively) in group 1. The results clearly indicated that bovine foetal fibroblasts could be effectively synchronized at G0/G1 stages by all the three different treatments, confluent, roscovitine and serum starvation. However, cells in confluent showed reduced apoptosis and necrosis when they underwent 5-10 passages, exhibiting increased percentage of cells with stable chromosome diversity. Hence, cells in confluent merit further studies before they could be used as nuclear donors.  相似文献   

Spillover of avian haemosporidian parasites (Haemosporidia: Plasmodium) and death of captive psittacine species          下载免费PDF全文

JK Verwey  A Peters  D Monks  SR Raidal 《Australian veterinary journal》2018,96(3):93-97

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Equine pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction: current understanding and recommendations from the Australian and New Zealand Equine Endocrine Group          下载免费PDF全文

CJ Secombe  SR Bailey  MA de Laat  KJ Hughes  AJ Stewart  JM Sonis  RHH Tan 《Australian veterinary journal》2018,96(7):233-242

The purpose of this article is to provide a review of the current knowledge and opinions about the epidemiology, clinical findings (including sequelae), diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of equine pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction, particularly in the Australian context. This information and the recommendations provided will assist practitioners in making informed decisions regarding the diagnosis and management of this disorder.  相似文献   

Seroprevalence of antibodies to Pestivirus infections in South Australian sheep flocks          下载免费PDF全文

CA Evans  SR Lanyon  RM O’Handley  MP Reichel  PD Cockcroft 《Australian veterinary journal》2018,96(8):312-314

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Continuous infusion of propofol in calves: bispectral index and hemodynamic effects          下载免费PDF全文

Mauricio Deschk  Juliana T Wagatsuma  Marcelo A Araújo  Guilherme GF Santos  Sergio SR Júnior  Caio JX Abimussi  Carlos E Siqueira  Jéssica CL Motta  Silvia HV Perri  Paulo SP Santos 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2016,43(3):309-315

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A comparison of foal and adult horse neutrophil function using flow cytometric techniques   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

McTaggart C  Yovich JV  Penhale J  Raidal SL 《Research in veterinary science》2001,71(1):73-79

Flow cytometric assays were used to compare phagocytic and oxidative burst activity of neutrophils from healthy foals less than 7 days of age with the activity of cells from healthy adult horses. The phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus by foal neutrophils was less than that observed for adult neutrophils when autologous serum was used as the source of opsonins in the assay. The use of adult serum did not significantly improve the ability of foal neutrophils to attach bacteria. The oxidative burst activity of foal neutrophils was equivalent to that of adult cells. However, when serum or plasma was incorporated into the oxidative burst assay, foal neutrophils demonstrated greatly reduced autofluorescence and a suppressed response to phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), relative to that demonstrated by adult cells. These results suggest that peripheral blood neutrophils from foals have a reduced ability to phagocytose bacteria relative to that exhibited by adult horse neutrophils and that the oxidative burst activity of foal neutrophils is down-regulated in response to an unidentified serum factor(s). Such changes may contribute to the increased susceptibility of foals to septic disease.  相似文献   

Comparative renal physiology of exotic species.     

Shane R Raidal  Sharanne L Raidal 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice》2006,9(1):13-31

In this article the osmoregulatory, acid-base homeostasis, and excretory functions of the renal system of invertebrates and vertebrates are reviewed. The mammalian renal system is the most highly evolved in terms of the range of functions performed by the kidneys.Renal physiology in other animals can be very different, and a sound knowledge of these differences is important for understanding health and disease processes that involve the kidneys, as well as ion and water homeostasis. Many animals rely on multiple organs along with the kidneys to maintain osmotic, ionic, and pH balance. Some animals rely heavily on postrenal modification of urine to conserve water and salt balance; this can influence the interpretation of disease signs and treatment modalities.  相似文献   

Surgical removal of retrobulbar hemangioma in a goldfish (Carassius auratus).     

Bradley J O'Hagan  Shane R Raidal 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice》2006,9(3):729-733

The surgical removal of retrobulbar hemangioma is described in a mature fantail goldfish (Carassius auratus) with a 6-week history of a swollen right eye.The fish was anesthetized using alfaxalnone at a concentration in the water of 5 mg/L to facilitate fine-needle aspiration and surgical removal of the eye. The fish was treated with enrofloxacin 5 mg intraperitoneally and recovered with major buoyancy deficits that corrected 20 minutes after treatment with methadone at a dose of 0.4 mg intramuscularly. Histologic examination of the excised tissue demonstrated that the tumor was a compact hemangioma.  相似文献   

Effects of Grade of Oocyte–Cumulus Complex and the Interactions Between Grades on the Production of Blastocysts in the Cow, Ewe and Lamb     

JM Kelly  DO Kleemann  SR Rudiger  SK Walker 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2007,42(6):577-582

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