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[目的]观察壳聚糖胶囊30 d喂养大鼠产生的毒性。[方法]设低(0.83 g/kg·bw)、中(1.67 g/kg·bw)、高(3.33g/kg·bw)剂量组与对照组,连续喂养大鼠30 d观察动物生长发育状况、体重变化、平均进食量,计算食物利用率、脏器重量及脏器/体重比值,分析血常规指标和血生化指标,并进行大体解剖和组织病理分析。[结果]30 d喂养试验期间,动物生长发育良好,各指标与对照组比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。大体解剖和组织病理分析未见与样品有关的异常改变。[结论]样品30 d喂养对大鼠未产生明显毒副作用。 相似文献
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熏蒸剂磷化氢的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
较为全面地概述了熏蒸剂磷化氢的毒理学及昆虫抗药性相关研究的最新进展,着重介绍了昆虫对磷化氢的吸收、磷化氢的作用靶点、昆虫的不同种类及不同虫态对药剂的反应等,同时介绍了对磷化氢产生抗药性的仓库昆虫种类、抗药性表现以及治理的对策。 相似文献
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T. K. Banerjee 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2007,33(4):441-454
Air-breathing fishes have evolved bimodal respiratory mechanisms for exploitation of water (through gills and highly vascularized
skin) as well as atmospheric air (through aerial respiratory organs, ABO). Mucous cells in these respiratory organs of variously
stressed fishes exhibit periodic fluctuations in their density and staining properties. The main types of damage in the gills
include congestion of blood capillaries (BLCs), periodic lifting and sloughing of respiratory epithelia of the secondary lamellae
causing haemorrhage, extensive fusion of secondary lamellae and hyperplasia of the respiratory epithelia due to uncontrolled
regeneration leading to asphyxiation, altered excretion, and death of the fish. Haemolysis has also been observed following
lead exposure. The damage in the ABO of Heteropneustes fossilis includes sloughing of the epithelial cells, leading to haemorrhage causing decreased red blood corpuscles density and degeneration
of the secondary gill lamellae with reduced respiratory area. Subsequent hyperplasia of the respiratory epithelia and fusion
of gill lamellae increase the respiratory barrier distance. The BLCs often bulge out and protrude into the lumen, bringing
blood nearer to air. The ladder-like pillar cell (PLC)-BLC components of the gill lamellae frequently collapse. Damage to
the ABO of Channa striata is less severe. Often haemorrhaging due to bursting of extensively stretched BLCs causes aerial respiratory failure. Chloride
cells of the ABOs also show hyperplasia. While the highly mucogenic epidermis of C. striata shows less damage, the epidermis of Clarias batrachus and H. fossilis shows severe wear and tear, sloughing, and haemorrhage. Side-by-side regeneration continues, causing altered histomorphology
of the epidermis. The different gland cells also show periodic fluctuations in their density and staining. The dermis also
shows severe damage with loosening of their connective tissue fibres. These fibres give stronger reactions for sulfated mucin
that not only retain additional water molecules for continuance of skin breathing, but also bind the toxic ambient pollutants. 相似文献
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以灵芝子实体有效成分复配的灵芝康泰粉剂,对荷动物S-180实体瘤与EAC腹水瘤的雌雄小鼠进行肿瘤抑制试验.口服0.5g/kg@day和1.5g/kg@day灵芝康泰粉剂能明显抑制动物S-180实体瘤的生长,延长EAC腹水瘤动物的平均生存时间,对S-180的抑瘤率为41.22%~41.30%和45 65%~50.00%.急性毒性试验表明,灵芝康泰粉剂对雌雄小鼠的经口LD50均大于10g/kg,微核试验和Ames试验均为阴性,未见致突变性.30d喂养试验发现,灵芝康泰粉剂对试验动物的生长发育无不良影响. 相似文献
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Riviere JE 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2007,174(3):462-471
The purpose of this article is to make an educated guess as to what veterinary pharmacology will look like in two decades. By examining the past, it is evident that change is incremental unless a transforming discovery occurs. In the last few decades, such events have dramatically changed medicine and pharmacology, however they have not percolated through the system to the effect that novel drugs have replaced our traditional armamentarium. The effect of six transforming technologies (continued advances in computer technology, microfluidics, nanotechnology, high-throughput screening, control and targeted drug delivery, pharmacogenomics) on veterinary therapeutics is examined. These should lead toward more efficacious and safer drugs across most therapeutic classes due to both increases in our knowledge base as well as more efficient drug development. Shorter term improvements in drug delivery should be seen. Although this growth in technology would portend major advances over the next few decades, economic and regulatory constraints must still be overcome for these new drugs or therapeutic approaches to become common practice. 相似文献
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