3个四季草莓品种在川西高原栽培研究     

颜旭  文勇  秦燕  赵永康  韩庆新  李兰 《中国果业信息》2020,49(3)

以圣安德瑞斯、波特拉和蒙特瑞3种四季草莓为材料,在茂县进行夏季栽培比较试验,通过各品种的农艺性状及果实内、外在品质等指标进行分析对比以及灰色关联度分析,结果表明:圣安德瑞斯的长势最好;圣安德瑞斯的果实虽然大而重但糖酸比较低,口感较差,风味偏酸,蒙特瑞的固酸比最高,风味最好; 3个品种加权关联度排名依次为蒙特瑞、圣安德瑞斯、波特拉。结论：在茂县及相应高原区域栽培条件下,蒙特瑞的综合适应性最佳。  相似文献   

早熟玉米杂交组合主要农艺性状与产量的灰色关联度分析     

王美霞  陈保国  张之奇  王创云 《种子》2021,(1):108-111,127

应用灰色关联度分析法,对19个玉米杂交组合性状进行分析.结果表明,各性状与产量的关联度大小依次为:株高>生育期>倒折率>穗行>行粒>秃尖>含水量>百粒重>穗位高>倒伏率>穗长>出籽率>穗粗.在育种工作中应该注重对株高、生育期和倒折率的选择,同时要结合不同性状间相互关系的综合表现进行育种,使玉米产量有较大提升.  相似文献   

Genomic Prediction of Arsenic Tolerance and Grain Yield in Rice: Contribution of Trait-Specific Markers and Multi-Environment Models     

Nourollah Ahmadi  Tuong-Vi cao  Julien Frouin  Gareth J. Norton  Adam H. Price 《水稻科学》2021,28(3):268-278

Many rice-growing areas are affected by high concentrations of arsenic(As). Rice varieties that prevent As uptake and/or accumulation can mitigate As threats to human health. Genomic selection is known to facilitate rapid selection of superior genotypes for complex traits. We explored the predictive ability(PA) of genomic prediction with single-environment models, accounting or not for trait-specific markers, multi-environment models, and multi-trait and multi-environment models, using the genotypic(1600 K SNPs) and phenotypic(grain As content, grain yield and days to flowering) data of the Bengal and Assam Aus Panel. Under the base-line single-environment model, PA of up to 0.707 and 0.654 was obtained for grain yield and grain As content, respectively; the three prediction methods(Bayesian Lasso, genomic best linear unbiased prediction and reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces) were considered to perform similarly, and marker selection based on linkage disequilibrium allowed to reduce the number of SNP to 17 K, without negative effect on PA of genomic predictions. Single-environment models giving distinct weight to trait-specific markers in the genomic relationship matrix outperformed the base-line models up to 32%. Multi-environment models, accounting for genotype × environment interactions, and multi-trait and multi-environment models outperformed the base-line models by up to 47% and 61%, respectively. Among the multi-trait and multi-environment models, the Bayesian multi-output regressor stacking function obtained the highest predictive ability(0.831 for grain As) with much higher efficiency for computing time. These findings pave the way for breeding for As-tolerance in the progenies of biparental crosses involving members of the Bengal and Assam Aus Panel. Genomic prediction can also be applied to breeding for other complex traits under multiple environments.  相似文献   

湘西山地区域不同移栽期气象因子对烤烟‘HN2146’农艺性状的影响     

张明发  张胜  袁小康  巢进  田茂成  田咏梅  马琳  覃浪  陆魁东  彭宇  孔凡玉  田峰 《农学学报》2023,13(10):70-76

为探明主要气象因子对山地烤烟生长发育进程的限制与影响,优化烤烟移栽期,通过连续3 a的烤烟主栽品种‘HN2146’的不同移栽期大田试验,探索移栽期变化规律,研究日照、降水量及温度与烤烟生长的关系。结果表明：株高、茎围与烤烟移栽期中等相关,中部叶长和中部叶面积与它强相关;同时T1(4月12日、4月19日、4月26日)移栽的烤烟株高、茎围和叶面积最大,相比于其他4个时期的平均值增幅分别为6.14%±2.98%、5.35%±1.69%、19.38%±5.83%。简单相关分析表明,≥12℃有效积温、降水量、日照时数3种气象因子两两之间均呈极显著正相关,而且与多数农艺性状指标均呈极显著相关;典型相关分析结果表明,农艺性状与气象因子存在极显著的典型相关关系,烤烟不同移栽期主要影响降水量与≥12℃有效积温及叶数和中部叶长的大小;主成分分析结果显示,第一主成分说明调节不同烤烟移栽期能改善气象因子与烤烟农艺性状,在效应上具有相似的特点。第二主成分说明不同烤烟移栽期在影响气象因子与农艺性状上的主要差异是上部叶面积、上部叶长、中部叶面积、茎围、株高、≥12℃有效积温的变化。因此,从农艺性状看,4月12日、4...  相似文献   

冷凉灌区马铃薯施肥量与种植密度对马铃薯生长及产量的影响     

王平  谢成俊  孙振荣  陈娟  王镭  彭文静 《农学学报》2023,13(6):17-24

为了明确不同施肥量(复合肥)和种植密度对冷凉灌区马铃薯生长的影响。试验以‘冀张薯12号’为供试品种,开展施肥量与种植密度二因素试验,设3个施肥量(600、1100、1600 kg/hm²)与4个种植密度(5.25万、6万、6.75万、7.5万株/hm²),研究不同施肥量与种植密度对马铃薯生长、产量与水分利用效率的影响。结果表明：增加施肥量能延缓马铃薯生育期,提高种植密度能缩短生育期;随施肥量增大,马铃薯株高、茎粗、叶面积指数及叶片SPAD值均显著增大;随种植密度增加,马铃薯株高、茎粗、叶面积指数及叶片SPAD值与产量均表现为先增后减趋势,施肥量与种植密度对马铃薯株高、SPAD值与产量的影响顺序为施肥量>密度;随施肥量和群体种植密度的增加,马铃薯大薯产量、大薯数、产量、水分利用效率均呈先增后减的变化趋势,产量要素之间呈极显著正相关关系,其中,以处理F₂D₃的马铃薯产量与水分利用效率最大。通过二元二次回归分析表明,当施肥量达到1065.366 kg/hm²,种植密度达到6.7...  相似文献   

不同播期对鲜食春大豆品种产量和农艺性状的影响     

周恩强  姚梦楠  周瑶  薛冬  王永强  赵娜  魏利斌  王学军  缪亚梅 《农学学报》2023,13(9):25-30

为探究不同播期对鲜食春大豆品种产量和农艺性状的影响,以期充分发挥各鲜食春大豆品种的产量潜力和市场价值,本研究以7个鲜食春大豆品种为试验材料,设置3个播期,研究不同播期下各鲜食春大豆品种农艺性状、生育期及产量的变化规律。结果表明：‘苏成2号’、‘苏成4号’、‘苏成6号’、‘苏成7号’、‘新三号’在第2播期产量最高;‘苏成8号’、‘苏新6号’在第3播期产量最高;各品种开花期和采收期随着播期延迟而缩短;并在不同播期下,株高、分枝数、始荚高度、主茎节数、单株有效荚数、百粒鲜重及单株鲜籽重均发生显著变化。综上,只有适期播种,各鲜食春大豆品种才能发挥最高的产量潜力,建议第1播期应选择‘苏成4号’,第2播期选择‘苏成6号’,第3播期选择‘苏新6号’。  相似文献   

不同前茬作物与种植密度对大蒜农艺性状的影响     

李国清  丛新军  张大健  赵娜  李国瑜 《农学学报》2023,13(9):63-66

为研究不同前茬作物和种植密度对大蒜生长发育的影响,通过设定大豆茬(A1)、谷子茬(A2)和不同密度(M1、M2)两因素试验,测定不同处理的大蒜农艺性状指标和产量。试验结果表明,大蒜的农艺性状指标A1处理高于A2处理,M2处理高于M1处理,处理间产量没有显著差异。在生产中可以通过优化前茬作物和种植密度来提升大蒜商品性。  相似文献   

Quantitative trait loci analysis for root traits in synthetic hexaploid wheat under drought stress conditions          下载免费PDF全文

LIU Rui-xuan  WU Fang-kun  YI Xin  LIN Yu  WANG Zhi-qiang  LIU Shi-hang  DENG Mei  MA Jian  WEI Yu-ming  ZHENG You-liang  LIU Ya-xi 《农业科学学报》2020,19(8):1947-1960

Synthetic hexaploid wheat(SHW), possesses numerous genes for drought that can help breeding for drought-tolerant wheat varieties. We evaluated 10 root traits at seedling stage in 111 F9 recombinant inbred lines derived from a F2 population of a SHW line(SHW-L1) and a common wheat line, under normal(NC) and polyethylene glycol-simulated drought stress conditions(DC). We mapped quantitative trait loci(QTLs) for root traits using an enriched high-density genetic map containing 120 370 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs), 733 diversity arrays technology markers(DArT) and 119 simple sequence repeats(SSRs). With four replicates per treatment, we identified 19 QTLs for root traits under NC and DC, and 12 of them could be consistently detected with three or four replicates. Two novel QTLs for root fresh weight and root diameter under NC explained 9 and 15.7% of the phenotypic variation respectively, and six novel QTLs for root fresh weight, the ratio of root water loss, total root surface area, number of root tips, and number of root forks under DC explained 8.5–14% of the phenotypic variation. Here seven of eight novel QTLs could be consistently detected with more than three replicates. Results provide essential information for fine-mapping QTLs related to drought tolerance that will facilitate breeding drought-tolerant wheat cultivars.  相似文献   

不同施氮量下南方红壤花生农艺性状、产量及土壤养分的变化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

林小兵  周利军  黄尚书  钟义军  成艳红  张昆  孙永明  武琳 《热带作物学报》2020,41(6):1076-1083

为探讨南方红壤旱地不同施氮量下花生农艺性状、产量和土壤养分的变化,采用田间随机区组试验,以高含氮肥料为材料,设置8个处理:不施氮肥（N₀）、200%施氮量（N_200%）、150%施氮量（N_150%）、100%施氮量（N_100%,纯施氮180.48 kg/hm²）、80%施氮量（N_80%）、60%施氮量（N_60%）、40%施氮量（N_40%）和20%施氮量（N_20%）。结果表明:与N₀处理相比,施氮肥提高了花生荚果产量,增产幅度为12.94%~24.62%;荚果产量、单株果重和饱果率随施氮量的增加而增加;而分枝数和百仁重随施氮量变化不明显;株高和百果重以N_80%效果最佳。土壤碱解氮随施氮量的增加而增加。相关分析结果表明,花生荚果产量与饱果率、有机质和碱解氮呈显著正相关;碱解氮与饱果率和有机质呈显著正相关,而与pH呈显著负相关。由主成分分析结果可知,第1主成分性状,即产量因子,如荚果产量、单株果重和百果重对花生生长有重要的作用。通径分析结果表明,百果重和饱果率通径系数较大,所以在提高花生荚果产量中应重视这2个性状。综上所述,从花生产量、农艺性状和成本考虑,以N_80%处理（纯施氮144.38 kg/hm²）的荚果产量、株高、单株果重、百果重、百仁重表现最佳。  相似文献   

Genetic bases of source-,sink-,and yield-related traits revealed by genome-wide association study in Xian rice     

Yun Wang  Yunlong Pang  Kai Chen  Laiyuan Zhai  Congcong Shen  Shu Wang  Jianlong Xu 《作物学报(英文版)》2020,(1):119-131

The source-sink relationship determines the ultimate grain yield.We investigated the genetic basis of the relationship between source and sink and yield potential in rice.In two environments,we identified quantitative trait loci(QTL)associated with sink capacity(total spikelet number per panicle and thousand-grain weight),source leaf(flag leaf length,flag leaf width and flag leaf area),source-sink relationship(total spikelet number to flag leaf area ratio)and yield-related traits(filled grain number per panicle,panicle number per plant,grain yield per plant,biomass per plant,and harvest index)by genome-wide association analysis using 272 Xian(indica)accessions.The panel showed substantial variation for all traits in the two environments and revealed complex phenotypic correlations.A total of 70 QTL influencing the 11 traits were identified using 469,377 high-quality SNP markers.Five QTL were detected consistently in four chromosomal regions in both environments.Five QTL clusters simultaneously affected source,sink,source–sink relationship,and grain yield traits,probably explaining the genetic basis of significant correlations of grain yield with source and sink traits.We selected 24 candidate genes in the four consistent QTL regions by identifying linkage disequilibrium(LD)blocks associated with significant SNPs and performing haplotype analysis.The genes included one cloned gene(NOG1)and three newly identified QTL(qHI6,qTGW7,and qFLA8).These results provide a theoretical basis for high-yield rice breeding by increasing and balancing source–sink relationships using marker-assisted selection.  相似文献