Cholesterol requirement and phytosterols efficiency in semi‐purified diets of juvenile Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei     

Jingping Guo  Aya S. Hussain  Albert G. J. Tacon  Jill K. Moser  Jill Holcomb  Guillaume Salze  Donald Allen Davis 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2020,26(4):1231-1243

Studies pertaining to cholesterol requirement are limited based on the levels evaluated and statistical analysis. Two trials were conducted to refine cholesterol requirement in Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei feeds. The basal diet was supplemented with graded levels of cholesterol (ranging from 0.48 to 1.85 g/kg) in trial 1. Since the shrimp (initial weight: 0.24 g) growth response was very linear without reaching a plateau, it was not clear whether the requirement was met. Hence, a second trial was designed using eight diets designed with an increased range of cholesterol levels from 0.45 to 4.57 g/kg of diets. The shrimp (0.38 g initial weight) reached a final weight of (4.31–7.43 g) or per cent weight gain from 1,014%–1,874% (n = 4) after 6 weeks. Saturation kinetic model and broken‐line models with linear or quadratic ascending portions were used to evaluate dose–response relationships of feed efficiency (FE), thermal‐unit growth coefficient (TGC), whole‐body cholesterol (CHOL) and cholesterol deposition (CHOLD) against dietary cholesterol. The cholesterol requirement of shrimp was estimated at 1.9 (1.1–4.3) g/kg, 1.7 (1.1–3.4) g/kg, 2.5 (2.3–2.9) g/kg and 2.7 (2.4–3.1) g/kg of shrimp diet for FE, TGC, CHOL and CHOLD, respectively. Additionally, based on improved growth, the inclusion of phytosterol can serve as a partial replacement for cholesterol.  相似文献   

Dietary cholesterol and lecithin have limited effects on growth and body composition of hybrid striped bass (Morone chrysops × M. saxatilis)     

W.M. Sealey  S.R. Craig  & D.M. Gatlin III 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2001,7(1):25-31

The effects of cholesterol and lecithin on growth and body composition of juvenile hybrid striped bass ( Morone chrysops  ×  M. saxatilis ) were investigated by feeding juvenile hybrids (initial weight 5.0 g) diets containing cholesterol at either 0 or 1% and lecithin at either 0, 2, 4, or 6% in a 2 × 4 factorial design. Each of the eight diets was fed to fish in triplicate 38-L aquaria maintained as a brackish water recirculating system for 8 weeks. Weight gain, feed efficiency, muscle ratio and hepatosomatic index were not significantly ( P  > 0.05) affected by dietary supplementation of cholesterol or lecithin. Supplementation of the diet with lecithin at 4 and 6% significantly ( P  < 0.05) decreased intraperitoneal fat accumulation regardless of dietary cholesterol level. Neither muscle nor liver lipid levels were significantly altered by dietary supplementation of cholesterol or lecithin although both liver and plasma lipid classes were affected. Dietary cholesterol decreased concentrations of liver and plasma free fatty acids and liver phospholipids while increasing concentrations of liver triglycerides and plasma phospholipids. Dietary lecithin did not consistently affect plasma and liver lipid classes although changes in phospholipid levels approaching significance ( P =0.0502 and P =0.0513, respectively) were observed. Thus it is concluded that dietary supplementation with cholesterol or lecithin had no substantial beneficial effects on growth or body composition of juvenile hybrid striped bass.  相似文献   

鳜鱼血清总胆固醇含量与性别关系研究     

张廷华  曾凡坤  乐亨强  赵静  王彩云 《湖北农业科学》2010,49(2)

用硫磷铁法测定了不同性别的26尾鳜鱼血清总胆固醇含量,结果表明,13尾雌性鳜鱼总胆固醇的平均含量为754.7mg/100mL,13尾雄性鳜鱼总胆固醇的平均含量为988.2mg/100mL。t检验表明,雄性鳜鱼血清总胆固醇含量显著高于雌性鳜鱼。  相似文献   

饲料胆固醇含量对凡纳滨对虾免疫相关基因表达及耐低温低溶解氧胁迫能力的影响     

闫明磊  王鑫磊  黄旭雄  李松林  汪毅  姜德田  李来强 《上海海洋大学学报》2019,28(5):735-743

为探究饲料中胆固醇含量对淡水养殖凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)免疫相关基因表达及耐低温低溶解氧胁迫能力的影响,在鱼粉含量为10%的基础饲料中分别添加0、1.0、2.0、3.0、4.0 g/kg的胆固醇,制成5组等氮等能饲料(C0、C1、C2、C3和C4,实测胆固醇含量依次为0.78、1.57、2.45、3.43和4.18 mg/g)投喂初始体质量为(0.14±0.03) g的凡纳滨对虾。养殖8周后检测对虾耐低温和低溶解氧胁迫的能力以及急性感染副溶血弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus)后免疫相关基因(Toll受体、IMD和溶菌酶mRNA)相对表达量。结果表明:饲料胆固醇含量显著影响弧菌急性感染后对虾鳃组织Toll受体、IMD和溶菌酶mRNA相对表达量。在弧菌感染进程中,C2组对虾Toll受体和溶菌酶的mRNA表达量表现出最大的变化幅度;而IMD mRNA表达量最大变化幅度出现在C1组,其次为C2组。急性感染弧菌后各组对虾Toll受体和溶菌酶mRNA相对表达量峰值均出现在感染后24 h;C2、C3和C4组IMD mRNA表达量峰值出现在感染后24 h,而C0和C1组IMD mRNA表达量峰值出现在感染后42 h。急性程序降温胁迫下,C0和C4组对虾100%死亡的温度为15℃;而其他组对虾100%死亡的温度为14℃。急性低溶解氧胁迫下各组对虾的耗氧量和致死溶氧浓度无显著性差异。综上所述:在淡水养殖条件下,饲料中2.45 mg/g的胆固醇含量可以提高凡纳滨对虾的免疫灵敏性,而饲料中胆固醇含量为(1.57～3.43) mg/g时凡纳滨对虾表现出较好的抗低温胁迫能力。  相似文献   

类芽孢杆菌胞外胆固醇氧化酶的分离纯化     

杨辉  吕彦茹  余磊  赵芳  王发合  李杰民  梁海秋  朱萍  周河治 《南方农业学报》2012,43(8):1090-1093

[目的]探讨类芽孢杆菌产生胞外胆固醇氧化酶(COD)的分离、纯化方法,为其生产和应用提供技术支持.[方法]将类芽孢杆菌发酵液通过旋转蒸发浓缩、蔗糖透析浓缩、DEAE离子交换柱层析和凝胶层析,纯化目的蛋白,然后测定获得酶的基本酶学性质.[结果]类芽孢杆菌发酵液经DEAE离子交换柱层析和SephadexG-75凝胶柱层析后,纯化所得的COD比活力达6.83U/mg,酶活力回收为35.6%,纯化倍数为13.4倍.纯化酶经SDS-PAGE显示为均一条带,分子量约58 kDa.将纯化的COD作用于不同浓度胆固醇,采用Lineweaver Burk作图法,测得其Km=3.3×10-5 mol/L.薄层层析结果显示,产物为胆甾-4-烯-3-酮,说明纯化所得酶是COD.[结论]纯化获得电泳纯类的芽孢杆菌胞外COD,其与底物亲和力较强,具有潜在的应用研究价值.  相似文献   

产蛋鸡日粮添加不同油脂对生产性能、血脂及蛋黄胆固醇的影响   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

周德红  瞿明仁 《江西农业大学学报》2002,24(2):159-163

在 2 5～ 33周龄的万载康乐黄产蛋鸡日粮中添加 4 %的食用菜籽油和 4 %的鱼油 ,可使平均蛋重增加 ,平均采食量下降 ,料蛋比降低 ;对产蛋率、体重、血清甘油三脂、总胆固醇、钙、尿酸等无明显影响 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,菜油使蛋黄胆固醇明显升高 ,鱼油不明显  相似文献   

α-亚麻酸对产蛋鸡胆固醇、甘油三酯含量和脂肪酸组成的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李志琼  陈代文  张克英 《中国畜牧杂志》2007,43(23):17-19,48

采用单因素试验设计,研究了日粮中,添加α-亚麻酸00、.5%、1.0%、2.0%、3.0%和4.0%对海兰褐产蛋鸡饲喂4周后蛋黄、卵泡和肝脏中甘油三酯(TG)和总胆固醇(TC)以及蛋黄脂肪酸(FA)的影响。结果表明:蛋黄中亚油酸、亚麻酸、EPA和DHA的含量与日粮中α-亚麻酸添加量呈显著直线或二次曲线增加(P<0.10);蛋黄、各种卵泡中TC均与日粮中α-亚麻酸添加量显著直线或二次曲线降低(P<0.10);蛋黄、卵泡和肝脏的TG以及肝脏的TC与ALA之间的线性和二次曲线降低均不显著(P>0.10)。可见日粮中添加α-亚麻酸能降低胆固醇,提高鸡蛋中PUFA的含量。  相似文献   

蜂王幼虫胆固醇含量初探   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵静  牛衍涛 《中国蜂业》1995,(1):7-8

本试验以气相色谱法分析了蜂王幼虫中的胆固醇含量。分析结果表明：蜂王幼虫中胆固醇含量小于１０ｍｇ／１００ｇ。蜂王幼虫是一种低胆固醇类食品资源。极具开发价值。  相似文献   

添加溢康素对肉用鹌鹑效果实验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张辉  吴春莉等 《吉林畜牧兽医》2002,(8):5-6

选用1日龄肉用鹌鹑80羽,随机分为对照组(基础日粮)和试验组(基础日粮添加0.1％溢康素),研究日粮添加溢康素(寡聚糖)对肉用鹌鹑生产性能、抗腹泻、及血清胆固醇含量的影响。结果表明:试验组鹌鹑的日增重提高,料肉比降低(P<0.05),腹泻率降低(P<0.05),血清总胆固醇和肉中胆固醇含量分别降低了12.5(P<0.05)和1.9％。试验结果表明,寡聚糖对肉用鹌鹑的生产性能有促进作用,降低腹泻率,降低血清胆固醇含量和肉中胆固醇的含量。  相似文献   

梅花鹿茸血中胆固醇含量与梅花鹿血、猪血和鸡血的比较分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

王艳梅  姚玉霞  李慧萍  苏凤艳  宋顺祥 《经济动物学报》2001,5(3):30-32

利用双波长薄层扫描法对梅花鹿茸血中胆固醇的含量与梅花鹿血、猪血和鸡血进行了比较分析测定 ,结果表明 ,梅花鹿茸血含胆固醇 0 0 9mg/mL ,明显低于其他 3种对照品  相似文献