我国经济林应对绿色技术壁垒的战略   总被引：11，自引：8，他引：3  

赵思东  王旭  张琳  袁德义  段经华 《经济林研究》2004,22(3):64-67

我国经济林发展很快，但由于产地生态破坏、环境污染以及林农的不良耕作等原因，使按常规方式生产的产品安全质量下降，从而遇到了绿色技术壁垒的严峻挑战。只有抓住机遇，认真实施无公害生产，开发安全森林食品，才能拓展产品的国际国内市场，使我国经济林产业开发再上新台阶。  相似文献   

转基因食品的检测方法   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

邵素琴  李建中 《农药科学与管理》2002,23(3):26-28

目前，世界各国对转基因食品的检测主要从外源DNA和蛋白两种生物大分子入手，所广泛采用的方法有聚合酶链式反应（PCR）、生物芯片技术（Biochips)、酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）和侧流技术（Lateral Flow)。本文综述了各种方法的原理以及这些方法用于检测转基因食品时的优缺点。  相似文献   

植物生长物质的使用与绿色果品生产   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

汪良驹  姜卫兵  刘晖  刘卫琴 《园艺学报》2004,31(2):259-262

 针对人们对植物生长物质的种种偏见，阐述了植物激素与动物激素以及植物生长调节剂的重要区别，提出了植物激素对人体无毒性，植物生长调节剂可以运用于大多数绿色果品生产的建议。  相似文献   

现代集约化肉羊业主要关键技术研究与应用     

赵有璋  李发弟  姚军  张子军  王玉琴  蔡原  陈亚明  祝淑英  李永连  赵宗蕾  王敏芬  冯涛  郭健  杨富民 《中国草食动物》2005,25(2):3-9

专门化肉用种羊选定、引进后，通过适应性研究，在较大规模养羊业生产实践中。对现代集约化肉羊业的主要关键技术进行研究、完善和创新，组装集成并应用于生产。技术研究应用结果既为市场提供了大批专门化肉用种羊和优质安全的杂种肉羊，取得了高水平的研究成果及显著的经济效益和社会效益．又为我国目前正在迅速发展的集约化肉羊业提供了可靠的技术支持和理想的生产模式：从适宜的专门化肉羊品种到运用高效母羊快速扩繁技术．建立和完善有效的肉羊杂交利用体系，普遍应用种羊鲜、冻精生产大批肉用杂种羔羊，种植高产优质饲草及其科学加工调制和利用．建立严格兽医防疫制度．实行放牧 补饲或全舍饲的精细管理和集约化育肥，至生产优质、安全、标准肉羊，获得显著的经济效益和社会效益。  相似文献   

Prediction of chemical composition and peroxide value in unground pet foods by near‐infrared spectroscopy          下载免费PDF全文

M. De Marchi  F. Righi  M. Meneghesso  D. Manfrin  R. Ricci 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(1):337-342

The massive development of the pet food industry in recent years has lead to the formulation of hundreds of canine and feline complete extruded foods with the objective of meeting both the needs of the animals and numerous demands from pet owners. In the meantime, highly variable raw material compositions and the industry's new production techniques oblige manufacturers to monitor all phases of the extrusion process closely in order to ensure the targeted composition and quality of the products. This study aimed at evaluating the potential of infrared technology (visible and near‐infrared spectrophotometer; 570–1842 nm) in predicting the chemical composition and peroxide value (PV) of unground commercial extruded dog foods. Six hundred and forty‐nine commercial extruded dog foods were collected. For each product, an unground aliquot was analysed by infrared instrument while a second aliquot was sent to a laboratory for proximate analysis and PV quantification. The wide range of extruded dog food typologies included in the study was responsible for the wide variability observed within each nutritional trait, especially crude fibre and ash. The mean value of the 208 pet foods sampled for PV quantification was 17.49 mEq O₂/kg fat (min 2.2 and max 94.10 mEq O₂/kg fat). The coefficients of determination in cross‐validation of NIRS prediction models were 0.77, 0.97, 0.83, 0.86, 0.78 and 0.94 for moisture, crude protein, crude fat, crude fibre, ash and nitrogen‐free extract (NFE) respectively. PV prediction was less precise, as demonstrated by the coefficient of determination in cross‐validation (0.66). The results demonstrated the potential of NIRS in predicting chemical composition in unground samples, with lower accuracy for moisture and ash, while PV prediction models suggest use for screening purposes only.  相似文献   

基于食物安全视角的我国畜产食品进口依赖性风险评价     

吴渊  高颂  高雅灵  林慧龙 《草业学报》2018,27(10):171-182

新时期下,保障我国畜产食品供给安全是保障我国食物安全的重要内容之一,而“适度进口”是保障我国畜产食品供给安全的重要途径之一。如何才算“适度进口”,需对畜产食品进口的相关风险进行分析方可评判。运用进口依赖性评价模型对我国猪肉、鸡肉、羊肉、牛肉、鲜牛奶的进口依赖性风险进行分析发现,上述5种畜产食品均存在进口依赖性风险。其中,猪肉的风险来自美国、德国、丹麦、西班牙和加拿大;鸡肉的风险来自美国、巴西、阿根廷和波兰;羊肉的风险来自澳大利亚、新西兰和乌拉圭;牛肉的风险来自乌拉圭、澳大利亚、新西兰、阿根廷和加拿大;鲜牛奶的风险来自德国、法国、新西兰和澳大利亚。为降低我国畜产食品进口依赖性风险,短期内应采取畜产食品进口市场多元化策略以及用进口饲草料替代进口畜产食品的进口方式;长期应在保障“口粮安全”的前提下,调整农业结构,大力发展草地农业,减少对国际市场的依赖性。  相似文献   

Processing traits and digestibility of extruded dog foods with soy protein concentrate          下载免费PDF全文

K. S. Venturini  M. F. Sarcinelli  M. A. Baller  T. C. Putarov  E. B. Malheiros  A. C. Carciofi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(4):1077-1087

Soya bean protein concentrate (SPC) with two particle sizes were evaluated on extrusion parameters, kibble formation, digestibility and palatability of dog foods. Eight diets were extruded: PBM—control diet based on poultry by‐product meal (PBM); GM—a diet in which corn gluten meal (GM) replaced 45% of the diet protein; cSPC15%, cSPC30% and cSPC45%—diets in which SPC of coarse particle size (600 μm) replaced 15%, 30% and 45% of the diet protein; and sSPC15%, sSPC30% and sSPC45%—diets in which SPC of small particle size (200 μm) replaced 15%, 30% and 45% of the diet protein. The digestibility of nutrients was evaluated for the PBM, GM, cSPC45% and sSPC45% diets, using six dogs per food. The PBM, GM and cSPC45% diets were compared for palatability. Data were submitted for analysis of variance, and the means were compared by polynomial contrasts or Tukey's test (p < .05). The cSPC increased the specific mechanical energy (SME) application, extrusion temperature and pressure linearly, resulting in lower kibble density and higher expansion and starch gelatinization (SG) (p < .01). When comparing the PBM, GM, cSPC45% and sSPC45% diets, higher SME, extrusion temperature and pressure, SG and kibble expansion were verified for the cSPC45% diet (p < .05). The DM, fat and crude protein digestibility were similar among diets. Faecal pH, ammonia and lactate did not differ, demonstrating that the removal of oligosaccharides and soluble non‐starch polysaccharides of SPC produces an ingredient with mostly non‐fermentable fibre. Dogs preferred the PBM to the GM diet (p < .05), but consumed the PBM and cSPC45% foods equally. In conclusion, SPC exhibited good extrusion functionality, favouring kibble expansion and SG, with high digestibility, similar to that of PBM. The removal of soluble compounds from soya beans resulted in an ingredient with low fermentable fibre content, which did not alter faecal formation or characteristics.  相似文献   

钒钼黄比色法测定食品中磷的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

向晓黎  王静  王国红 《绿色科技》2015,(4)

建立了钒钼黄比色法测定食品中磷的检测技术 ,该法通过消解液酸度的调节 ,显色剂的替换 ,应用钒钼黄比色法测定食品中磷的含量.当磷溶液浓度范围在[1mg/L～20 mg/L ]时 ,线性回归良好 ;回收率范围为94%～97% .用此法测定了国家标准参考物质 ,与国标方法测定食品中磷的含量进行了比对 ,结果表明 :测定结果与国标方法的测定结果比较无显著统计学差别 ,说明该方法可用于食品中磷的测定.  相似文献   

菜用睡莲营养成分及重金属含量测定与评价   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘义满  彭静  钟兰  刘玉平  李明华  黄来春 《湖北农业科学》2016,(14):3730-3732

对绿梗菜用睡莲(Nymphaea tetragona)及红梗菜用睡莲的15营养成分和4种重金属含量进行了测定与评价。结果表明,1与104~140种(品种)新鲜蔬菜已知数据比较,绿梗和红梗菜用睡莲均有较高含量的维生素C、钠及较低含量的干物质、蛋白质、钾、钙、镁、铜、锌、磷及硒;绿梗菜用睡莲有较高含量的粗纤维、锰及较低含量的铁,红梗菜用睡莲有较高含量的铁及较低含量的粗纤维。2菜用睡莲是一种含钠量较高的蔬菜。3绿梗菜用睡莲营养成分含量总体高于红梗菜用睡莲。4湖北产区菜用睡莲的铅、砷、镉及汞等重金属含量符合食品安全国家标准的规定。  相似文献   

国家农村粮食补贴制度的绩效评价与优化路径分析——江西宜春种粮补贴调研报告     

何流闻  周涛  晏林欢  孙建 《湖南农机》2011,(5):113-114

根据在宜春市的实地调研,对宜春市粮食补贴制度及实施过程进行绩效分析。以＂点＂反应＂面＂,为我国粮食补贴制度的进一步探索和完善提供帮助。  相似文献