基于生物酶法的酰基化桑椹花青素的制备与特性   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

蒋希芝  徐磊  张蓓  辛向东  Thomas Attaribo  桂仲争 《农业工程学报》2021,37(3):294-301

为尽可能减少花青素的降解,提高其稳定性,采用生物酶法,对桑椹花青素进行酰基化修饰,并与非酰基化花青素进行对比研究。运用单因素试验筛选脂肪酶、反应溶剂和酰基供体,分析对花青素酰基转化率的影响。确定酰基化反应的优化条件为南极假丝酵母脂肪酶为酰基化催化酶、吡啶为催化反应溶剂、苯甲酸甲酯为酰基供体,酰基化效果最好,转化率最大为13.5%。采用傅里叶红外、高效液相色谱对产物进行分析,经鉴定,酰基化产物为单酰基或多酰基花青素。此外,研究了酰基化对花青素稳定性和抗氧化性的影响。酰基化可提高花青素的热稳定性、光稳定性和耐酸碱稳定性。相同温度下,酰基化花青素保留率提高约5.0%,光照6d后,酰基化花青素的保留率仍高达96.1%。酰基化可以显著增加花青素体外抗氧化性,增强DPPH自由基清除能力,总还原能力比非酰基化花青素提高30%,金属离子螯合能力高达90%。酰基化花青素肿瘤细胞活性抑制率可达81%,而非酰基化花青素仅为50%。该研究为花青素稳定性提高和性能改善提供参考的理论依据。  相似文献   

非农就业质量如何影响山区农户土地转出稳定性——基于浙江省4县480户农户的观察     

李博伟  薛增鑫  程晋亮  孔凡斌 《中国农业大学学报》2024,(2):247-264

为厘清非农就业质量对山区农户土地转出稳定性的影响机制,基于2021年浙江省山区4县480户农户调查数据,采取OLS、Heckman两阶段以及2SLS等模型开展实证研究,同时采取Probit模型检验作用机制并结合案例加以佐证。结果表明：1）非农就业质量的改善激励山区农户提高土地转出的稳定性。2）非农就业质量显著影响老一代农户和“体制外”农户土地转出的稳定性,但是对新生代农户和“体制内”农户的影响不显著,同时,非农就业质量对土地转出稳定性的影响并不因为就业距离的远近而产生差异;3）非农就业质量影响土地转出稳定性的作用机制在于强化农户的城市融入意愿、弱化农户对地租的偏好以及弱化土地的社会保障功能。相关政策需要致力于提升山区农户的非农就业质量,提升和完善非农就业的稳定性、收入和保障制度。  相似文献   

黑加仑果汁色素稳定性的研究     

王飞  于泽源  李兴国 《黑龙江农业科学》2007,(2):55-57

以黑加仑为原料制取果汁,对不同添加物(Fe3 、Cu2 、Zn2 、Na 、Al3 、H2O2、葡萄糖、蔗糖、苯甲酸钠)和pH对果汁色素稳定性的影响进行了系统研究.研究结果表明:黑加仑果汁稀释液的最大吸收波长为520 nm;pH对黑加仑果汁色素影响很大;Cu2 、Zn2 、Na 、Al3 对黑加仑果汁色素无明显的不良影响;Fe3 则有显著的不良影响;不同浓度的葡萄糖、蔗糖对黑加仑果汁色素没有太大的不良影响;不同浓度的氧化剂H2O2、防腐剂苯甲酸钠对黑加仑果汁色素均都有严重的破坏作用.  相似文献   

玉米品种高产稳产性与抗旱性研究     

欧阳西荣  涂先德  吴玉林  屠乃美 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,33(3):267-272

根据多点试验资料,通过高稳系数、丰产性参数、稳定性参数及抗旱系数的计算,对参试玉米品种高产稳产及抗旱生态适应性进行综合分析和评价.结果表明:品种间、试验地点间的玉米产量有极显著差异,参试品种对不同试验地点的适应性有显著差异;灌溉增加了所有参试玉米品种的产量.洛玉1号和俞单3号高产稳产性最好.丰产性参数很好地反映了品种间的丰产性差异,高稳系数则较全面地反映了玉米品种的高产稳产综合性能.方差和变异度与玉米品种的稳产性关系不密切.参试品种间的抗旱系数没有显著差异.  相似文献   

Changes in the Quality of Refined Fish Oil in an Accelerated Storage Study     

Kajal Chakraborty  Deepu Joseph  Dexy Joseph 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(7):1155-1170

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to prepare the refined oil derived from Sardinella longiceps by a step-wise procedure of degumming, bleaching, and deodorization. The refined sardine oil showed greater susceptibility toward oxidation than the crude oil, but the addition of ethyl acetate fractions of the red seaweeds Hypnea musciformis, Kappaphycus alvarezii, and Jania rubens with great antioxidant potential significantly increased the oxidative stability of the refined oil. The refined oil supplemented with the ethyl acetate fraction of these seaweeds indicated more noteworthy oxidative stability indices (≥ 0. 51 h) than α-tocopherol. The induction time was greater for refined oil added with H. musciformis (1.26 h) than butylated hydroxytoluene (1.04 h) and α-tocopherol (0.4 h). No traces of aromatic (δ 6.7–7.5 ppm), hydroperoxides, and aldehydes (δ 9–10 ppm) in the ¹H-NMR spectra of the refined oil supplemented with seaweed extracts at the baseline and after the accelerated storage study demonstrated that the seaweed extracts were able to prevent the formation of secondary oxidation products in the unsaturated system during storage. This study demonstrated the potential of seaweeds as natural alternatives to the synthetic antioxidants to prevent the rancidity of the refined fish for use in food and pharmaceutical industries.  相似文献   

高压静电场结合冰温气调保鲜技术对罗非鱼鱼片品质的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵良  岑剑伟  李来好  杨贤庆  郝淑贤  魏涯  辛少平  周婉君 《南方水产科学》2016,(3):91-97

文章研究了高压静电场结合冰温气调保鲜技术对罗非鱼鱼片的保鲜效果,通过罗非鱼片贮藏过程中肉汁渗出率、菌落总数、感官品质、色差值、总挥发性盐基氮(TVB-N)、脂质氧化(TBA)、p H等指标的变化情况,分析比较3.8 kV、1.8 kV、0 V高压静电下罗非鱼肉品质指标的变化。结果表明,高压静电场能够显著改善鱼肉的品质,贮藏至第30天,样品无异味,感官品质良好,可显著抑制肉汁渗出;可有效抑制微生物的生长和挥发性盐基氮的增加,在一定程度上抑制了鱼肉内脂肪氧化,具有较好的保鲜效果。总体上3.8 kV高压静电对鱼肉的保鲜效果优于1.8 kV高压静电,可延长肉片的保质期至30 d。  相似文献   

Determination of primary structure of amberjack myosin heavy chain and its relationship with structural stability of various fish myosin rods   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Reina Kawabata  Nobuyuki Kanzawa  Masahiro Ogawa  Takahide Tsuchiya 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2000,23(4):283-294

The structural stability of fish myosin depends upon species and temperatures of water in which fish live. Primary, secondary, and quaternary structures of myosin heavy chain (MyHC) from three species of fish living at different temperature ranges have been compared with those of rabbit MyHC in order to investigate the differences in stability. Primary structure of MyHC, although being accessible for warm-water and cold-water fish (carp and walleye pollack), was not available in previous for tropical-water fish literature; so in this study primary structure of MyHC of the tropical-water fish amberjack has been determined by cloning and sequencing its cDNA. The MyHC has 1938 amino acid residues (AA), which are almost as much as as those of carp and walleye pollack. The amberjack MyHC is 91–95% homologous with other fish and rabbit MyHCs. There is a discernible difference between animal species with stable myosin rod (amberjack, carp, and rabbit) and walleye pollack with unstable rod. Stable rod species have a high probability of forming coiled-coil around the COOH-terminal end of the rod, while the pollack has a low coiled-coil formation probability. In addition, the average scores of the coiled-coil for myosin rod were rabbit (1.738) > amberjack (1.691) > carp (1.680) > walleye pollack (1.674) which correlated exactly with the observed stability. The results suggest that coiled-coil forming ability, particularly around the COOH-terminal end, directs structural stability of fish myosin rod.  相似文献   

电麻醉对西伯利亚鲟幼鱼行为特性与血清离子浓度的影响   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

冯广朋  庄平  章龙珍  陈宁宁  姚志峰  孟彦羽 《海洋渔业》2009,31(1)

研究了不同强度电麻醉对西伯利亚鲟幼鱼行为特性与血清离子浓度的影响。西伯利亚鲟电麻醉阶段包括部分失去平衡期、完全失去平衡期、完全麻醉期和鳃动停止期等4个时期。电麻醉时西伯利亚鲟呈现趋阳性;随着电压升高,到达各麻醉阶段时间与恢复时间逐渐缩短。西伯利亚鲟到达完全麻醉期时间在15 V、20 V、25 V、35 V组间均有显著差异,在30 V与35 V时分别仅为97.0 s和68.8 s,而恢复时间为0 s。各试验组西伯利亚鲟在电麻醉时鳃动频率均增加,而恢复阶段均降低。电麻醉对西伯利亚鲟摄食与活动状态均无显著影响。随着电压升高,钾离子与镁离子浓度先下降后上升,钙离子则先上升后下降。钠离子与氯离子浓度变化较大,均是15 V组时浓度最低,20 V时浓度最高。磷离子浓度呈现增高趋势。pH值在麻醉后降低,对照组与其余各组均有显著性差异。因此西伯利亚鲟幼鱼适宜电麻醉强度为25~30 V,电麻醉是种较好的麻醉方法,具有广泛的应用前景。  相似文献   

流溪河保护区鱼类群落结构及其时空变动     

吴倩  李潮  高天扬  李炜  张雯君  王俊杰  赵俊 《水产科学》2020,39(2):234-244

为了解流溪河光倒刺鲃国家级水产种质资源保护区鱼类群落结构,分析不同河段、不同季节鱼类群落多样性的变化,于2017年12月-2018年10月对保护区上、中、下游的鱼类开展了每个季度一次的调查。调查结果显示,共采集鱼类57种,隶属于5目14科50属,其中鲤形目43种、鲈形目6种、鲇形目5种,合鳃鱼目2种,鳉形目1种;计算57种鱼类的相对重要性指数,结果显示,尼罗罗非鱼、越南■及鲤鱼为2017-2018年度优势种;Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数和Pielou均匀度指数计算结果显示,下游鱼类群落的多样性及均匀度最高,夏季鱼类群落的多样性、丰富度及均匀度最高;各监测点之间的种类相似性系数显示,保护区上中游、上下游之间鱼类种类组成为中等不相似,中下游种类组成为中等相似,春夏、春冬、夏冬及夏秋季节鱼类种类组成为中等不相似,春秋、秋冬季节为中等相似;ABC分析结果显示,春、夏及冬季鱼类群落处于稳定状态,秋季处于中度干扰状态。  相似文献   

Effects of Packaging Method on Salt-Cured Cod Yield and Quality During Storage     

Grete Hansen Aas  Olaug Taran Skjerdal  Iren Stoknes  Ingebrigt Bjørkevoll 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(3-4):149-161

Different packaging conditions of salt-cured cod fillets were studied during 2-years chilled storage. Yield and quality of salt-cured Atlantic cod fillets packed in sealed polystyrene boxes or in traditional cardboard boxes were compared. After 4 months, yield decreased by approximately 10% and decreased further when packed in cardboard boxes. Lipid oxidation was low after 12 months, and no microbiological spoilage was registered. The total amount of bacteria in the fish reduced with storage time, independent of packaging. The reddish color of halophilic bacteria was detected after 7–8 weeks at 18°C, but not if packed with MAP.  相似文献