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71.
Rapeseed/canola seedlings can be easily damaged by spring frost, which can rupture the cells and kill the plant. Genetic variations for frost tolerance have known to exist within rapeseed/canola gene pool. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted using 231 diverged rapeseed/canola germplasm to find the significant markers of the freezing tolerance traits. The genotypes were obtained from 21 countries and comprised of spring, winter and semi-winter growth types. The genotypes were evaluated in plant growth chamber under simulated freezing conditions. Highly significant genotypic variation was observed for the freezing tolerance. The best three freezing tolerant germplasms (Rubin, KSU-10, and AR91004) were winter type, while the four most freezing susceptible germplasms (Polo Canada, Prota, Drakkar, and BO-63) were all spring type. No geographical or growth habit type clusters were identified by structure analysis in this mixed population. One QTL was identified that was located on chromosome A02. Six freezing/abiotic stress tolerance genes have been identified in this study. 相似文献
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以32份大刍草、68份玉米地方品种和来源广泛的294份玉米自交系为材料,在对294份玉米自交系进行简化基因组测序的基础上,采用GWAS方法对11个玉米穗型和粒型性状进行关联分析。结果表明,11个性状共检测到44个关联的SNP位点,其中,28个位点与6个穗型性状相关联,16个位点与3个粒型性状相关联。进一步整合32份大刍草和68份地方品种相应位点的序列数据,44个关联位点中共发现29个SNP在3类群体间共有。通过Fisher的精确检验发现,7个SNP的等位基因频率在大刍草到地方品种中发生了显著变化,14个SNP的等位基因频率在地方品种到自交系中发生了显著变化,3个SNP的等位基因频率则在大刍草到地方品种以及地方品种到自交系中均发生了显著变化,表明这些位点可能经历了驯化或/和人工改良。 相似文献
73.
Black point is a severe wheat grain disease caused by complex pathogens, of which Bipolaris sorokiniana is dominant. Analysis of effective resistance genes/quantitative trait loci (QTL) is an essential prerequisite for breeding by marker-assisted selection (MAS). In this study, we aimed to identify the loci resistant to black point caused by B. sorokiniana in 10 wheat genotypes by performing a genome-wide association study with an incomplete diallel cross population. Twenty-three major marker-trait associations (MTAs) resistance to B. sorokiniana black point were identified, which could explain more than 11% of the phenotypic variations. They were located on 1B, 1D, 2B (2), 2D, 3A (2), 3B (2), 3D, 4A, 5A (2), 5B (2), 6B (3), 6D, 7A (2), and 7D (2), respectively. The average number of major MTAs in the 10 resistant lines was 20.2, whereas that in the susceptible lines was 9.8. All the major MTAs in the parents were detected in the F1 hybrids. Three PCR markers were developed for detecting two MTAs using two recombinant inbred line populations. These PCR markers linked to black point resistance and accessions with a larger number of resistance alleles can be used to improve wheat resistance by QTLs pyramiding via MAS. 相似文献
74.
旨在比较结合全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association study, GWAS)先验标记信息的基因组育种值(genomic estimated breeding value, GEBV)估计与基因组最佳线性无偏预测(genomic best linear unbiased prediction, GBLUP)方法对鸡剩余采食量性状育种值估计的准确性,为提高基因组选择准确性提供理论与技术支持。本研究选用广西金陵花鸡3个世代共2 510个个体作为素材,其中公鸡1 648只,母鸡862只,以42～56日龄期间的剩余采食量(residual feed intake, RFI)为目标性状,将试验群体随机分为两组,其中一组作为先验标记信息发现群体,用于GWAS分析并筛选最显著的top5%、top10%、top15%和top20%的位点作为先验标记信息;另外一组分别结合不同的先验标记信息进行遗传参数估计并比较基因组育种值的预测准确性,使用重复10次的五倍交叉验证法获取准确性,随后两组群体再进行交叉验证。研究结果表明,GBLUP计算RFI的遗传力为0.153,预测准确性为0.38... 相似文献
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Starch is a crucial component in wheat endosperm and plays an important role in processing quality. Endosperm of matured wheat grains contains two distinct starch granules (SG), referred to as larger A- and smaller B-granules. In the present study, 166 Chinese bread wheat cultivars planted in four environments were characterized for variation in SG size. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) using the 90 K SNP assay identified 23 loci for percentage volumes of A- and B-granules, and 25 loci for the ratio of A-/B-granules volumes, distributing on 15 chromosomes. Fifteen MTAs were associated with both the percentage volumes of A-, B-granules and the ratio of A-/B-granules volumes. MTAs IWB34623 and IWA3693 on chromosome 7A and IWB22624 and IWA4574 on chromosome 7B associated with the percentage volumes of A- and B-granules consistently identified in multiple environments were considered to be stable. Linear regression analysis showed a significantly negative correlation of the number of favorable alleles with the percentage volumes of A-granules and a significantly positive correlation between the number of favorable alleles and the percentage volumes of B-granules, respectively. The loci identified in this study and associated markers could provide basis for manipulating SG size to obtain superior noodle quality in wheat. 相似文献
76.
为了开发番茄抗黄萎病、枯萎病、根结线虫和细菌性斑点病基因的高通量分子标记,以189份加工番茄核心种质为试材进行低倍重测序(0.5×),群体结构和主成分分析结果均将材料分为2个大的亚群。利用混合线性模型(Mixed linear model,MLM)对抗病基因Ve-1、I-2、Mi-1和Pto的分子标记检测结果进行全基因组关联分析(Genome-wide association study,GWAS),获得了与抗病基因紧密连锁的变异位点,并获得了Ve-1、I-2、Mi-1和Pto基因内部的单核苷酸多态性位点(Single nucleotide polymorphisms,SNPs),提高了基因检测的准确性。其中与Ve-1关联度最高的位点位于基因内部,与I-2、Mi-1与Pto关联度最高的位点位于基因侧翼,可能与不同材料内等位基因变异及变异频率有关。利用该群体还可以进行加工番茄其他性状的挖掘;通过明确等位基因的变异与材料抗病基因的关系获得的关联位点可以用于通量SNP标记的开发,进行分子辅助番茄育种,提高番茄育种效率。 相似文献
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Shulin Chen Xiyong Cheng Kang Yu Xiangnan Chang Huihui Bi Haixia Xu Junsen Wang Xingxu Pei Ziliang Zhang Kehui Zhan 《Plant Breeding》2020,139(2):272-283
One hundred and ninety-seven wheat accessions from Yellow and Huai Winter Wheat Region (YHW) were evaluated for differences of 14 agronomic traits under low- and high-density plantings. Compared with the high-density plantings, plant height, neck length, uppermost internode length, flag leaf angle and number of sterile spikelets under the low-density plantings reduced, while heading date, flowering date, flag leaf length and width, spike length, number of fertile spikelets, grain number per spike, thousand-kernel weight and grain weight per spike increased. A total of 1,118 markers were detected based on GWAS, and seven QTLs were confirmed. One QTL on chromosomes 5BL and two other QTLs on 5Dl were all tightly associated with flowering date difference. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that two haploblocks in 5Dl were involved, and the Vrn-D1 locus was located in this interval. A region on chromosome 5B at around 531.5 Mb was significantly associated with plant height difference. Two QTLs including AX-94840438 (7BL) and AX-94563647 (7DS) were responsible for neck length or uppermost internode length difference. 相似文献
78.
Rapid prediction of head rice yield and grain shape for genome-wide association study in indica rice
Rice milling and appearance qualities are the main determinants of market price of the milled rice, so great breeding efforts have been directed to improve the milling and appearance quality. The success of breeding efforts depends on the accurate and rapid phenotyping of the quality traits in early generations. This study was conducted to first validate the effectiveness of the PaddyCheck to measure head rice yield (HRY) and paddy grain length of 40 indica rice cultivars. The results indicated that the PaddyCheck data had positively correlated with the lab methods of HRY (r = 0.81**) and grain length (r = 0.97**). An association panel including 281 indica rice accessions was phenotyped with the PaddyCheck and the data were used for genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify quantitative trait locus (QTL) for milling and appearance quality. A total of nine QTLs were identified, among which the major genes GS3 and qSW5 were identified for grain length and width, respectively. Furthermore, a novel QTL on short arm of chromosome 6 was identified for HRY. Our study indicated that PaddyCheck measurement was accurate and effective, and could be applied in rice breeding for improvement of grain shape and milling quality. The nine QTLs identified in indica rice could be used in marker assisted selection in rice breeding programs. 相似文献
79.
Copper is a necessary trace mineral for the human body, and its deficiency threatens human health. Here, a panel of 243 Chinese wheat cultivars from five replications was used to measure the grain copper content (GCC) by atomic absorption spectrometry. Phenotypic analysis results revealed that the averaged GCC of surveyed cultivars ranged from 6.81 to 11.36 mg/kg with an average of 9.23 mg/kg. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) indicated that a total of 489 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were significant, explaining 10.1%–32.6% of the phenotypic variation and were mainly distributed on chromosomes 2A and 5A. Further analysis indicated that GCC_Hap_2A1, GCC_Hap_3B1, and GCC_Hap_5A1 may be important genetic loci that regulate GCC in wheat. Linkage mapping using a bi-parental population detected four QTLs on 1D, 6A, 6B, and 7D, explaining 8.66%, 7.55%, 8.21%, and 4.71% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. Additionally, two of the significant SNPs were located on 1D, as detected by GWAS, and were within the interval of QGCC.hau-1D, suggesting that this locus plays an important role in regulating wheat GCC. This study dissected the genetic mechanism of GCC in wheat and provides useful information for the utilization of high-GCC wheat germplasm by marker-assisted selection in wheat quality breeding. 相似文献
80.