螺旋毛壳ND35 β-1,3-葡聚糖酶的诱导、性质及其抑菌作用   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

郭晓  高克祥  印敬明  白复芹  马迎新  于丹  刘晓光 《植物病理学报》2005,35(6):493-503

 以病原菌Rhizoctonia solani的细胞壁为诱导物,模拟毛壳菌自然的重寄生过程,研究了内生真菌螺旋毛壳(Chaetomium spirale) ND35 β-1,3-葡聚糖酶的产酶条件、性质,尤其是不同碳源的调控作用。结果表明,不同种类的真菌细胞壁及几丁质和昆布多糖,均可诱导产生β-1,3-葡聚糖酶,而作为分解代谢产物的葡萄糖则抑制产酶。经硫酸铵沉淀、DEAE-Sepharose阴离子交换层析及Phenyl-Sepharose疏水层析,并通过SDS-PAGE鉴定,纯化了一种分子量约为73 kDa的内切β-1,3-葡聚糖酶GLUC73。其最适反应温度为55℃,在40℃以下较稳定;最适pH值为5.5,在pH 5-9范围内均很稳定;酶活性受Hg²⁺、Fe³⁺、Zn²⁺、Mg²⁺等金属离子不同程度的抑制,Mn²⁺和Co²⁺对酶有激活作用;以昆布多糖为底物时,该酶的米氏常数K_m为0.412 mg·mL^-1,最大反直速度V_max为3.876 U·mL^-1。粗酶液同时具有β-1,3-葡聚糖酶和几丁质酶活性,离体抑菌试验表明,对苹果炭疽病菌(Glomerella cingulata)、杨树腐烂病菌(Valsa sordida)、苹果树腐烂病菌(Valsa mali)的菌丝生长和孢子萌发有明显的抑制作用。通过对β-1,3-葡聚糖进行免疫细胞化学标记和超微结构观察,间接证明了β-1,3-葡聚糖酶在螺旋毛壳重寄生过程中的作用。  相似文献   

Pain management in horses and farm animals     

Alexander Valverde  DVM  DVSc  DACVA    Cornelia I. Gunkel  Dr. med. vet.  MRCVS 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2005,15(4):295-307

Objective: This review discusses the different analgesic drugs and routes of administration used in large animals for acute pain management. General guidelines and doses are given to assist in choosing techniques that provide effective analgesia. Etiology: Noxious stimuli are perceived, recognized, and localized by specialized sensory systems located at spinal and supraspinal levels. Diagnosis: Localizing the source of the noxious stimulus as well as understanding the behavioral aspects and physiological changes that result from such insult is important to adequately diagnose and treat pain. Pain assessment is far from being definite and objective; not only are there species differences, but also individual variation. In addition, the behavioral and physiological manifestations vary with the acute or chronic nature of pain. Therapy: Pain management should include (1) selecting drugs that better control the type of pain elicited by the insult; (2) selecting techniques of analgesic drug administration that act on pathways or anatomical locations where the nociceptive information is being processed or originating from; (3) combining analgesic drugs that act on different pain pathways; and (4) provide the best possible comfort for the animal. Prognosis: Providing pain relief improves the animal's well being and outcome; however, interpreting and diagnosing pain remains difficult. Continuing research in pain management will contribute to the evaluation of the pathophysiology of pain, pain assessment, and newer analgesic drugs and techniques.  相似文献   

The induction of 1,3-β-glucanases and other enzymes in groundnut leaves infected with Cercospora arachidicola     

S. Roulin  A. J. Buchala 《Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology》1995,46(6)

Infection of groundnut leaves with the early leaf spot pathogen Cercospora arachidicola leads to a marked increase in extracellular 1,3-β-glucanase activity, limited to the infected tissue. Three isoforms of low molecular weight and extreme pI values, typical of pathogenesis-related proteins, were induced. These β-glucanases, when acting together, were capable of degrading the pathogen cell wall in vitro. Glucanases from homogenates of infected leaf tissue were partially purified by ion-exchange chromatography to give enzymes with molecular weights of 35, 32 and 20 kDa and pI values of 3·8, 3·6 and > 9, respectively. They were electrophoretically identical to the β-glucanases found in the intercellular washing fluid. Treatment of groundnut plants with 200 μM mercuric chloride induced the accumulation of identical extracellular β-glucanases. During the course of the infection an increase in peroxidase activity was also observed, but chitinase activity remained more or less constant.  相似文献   

Effects of N-methyl-D, L-aspartate on secretion of growth hormone-releasing hormone from the boar hypothalamic-preoptic area and median eminence in vitro     

Estienne MJ  McElwain KV  Barrett JB  Barb CR 《Domestic animal endocrinology》1999,17(4):1156-407

N-methyl-D, L-aspartate (NMA) elicited secretion of growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone from both the hypothalamic-preoptic area and the median eminence that were collected from boars. We suggest that the previously described increase in GH secretion that follows peripheral treatment of swine with NMA is attributable, at least in part, to NMA-stimulated secretion of GH-releasing hormone from the central nervous system.  相似文献   

南方发展草畜业的几点思考     

洪振海  何仕林 《安徽农业大学学报》2002,(2):41-43

世界农业由子实体向营养体的转型、北方休牧还草政策的出台以及南方理想的自然条件和市场空间,为草畜业发展提供了千载难逢的机遇;南方发展草畜业不失为一条帮助农民快速致富的有效途径;只要破解观念更新、资金筹措、技术传授三大难题,草畜业定能成为南方农业的主要板块。  相似文献   

大学生就业意向的研究     

蒋传和  王琼  孙伟 《安徽农业大学学报》2002,(5):111-113

本文针对大学生就业中的个人职业选择性就业问题,根据彼德罗夫斯基“动机系统理论”的相关观点,在就业心理上,提出了”就业意向”的概念。尝试性地构筑了就业意向的初步结构,并就此作了实际的调查研究,阐明了大学生就业观念的变化及其与现实要求之间存在的差距,强调了应进一步加强狱业意向”的研究和就业指导工作。  相似文献   

非电类工科专业《电子技术》课程教学改革的探究     

谢守勇 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2006,4(4):288-290

对当前非电类工科专业在《电子技术》课程教学中存在的问题进行了阐述，并结合作者自己的教学经验探讨了非电类工科专业《电子技术》课程的内容设簧和教学方法。提出了教学内容应与所学专业相结合，提高学生学习的积极性与自觉性。并介绍了一些具体的改革方法，实践证明其改革效果较好。  相似文献   

高校勤工助学应从体力型转向智力型     

周海蓉 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2006,4(1):199-201

在国家建立的资助经济困难学生的奖、贷、助、补、减政策体系中，勤工助学具有独特的地位和作用。随着社会的发展，体力型勤工助学已经越来越不能满足贫困学生的需要。要想完全发挥勤工助学的作用，必须将勤工助学从体力型转向智力型。  相似文献   

万州区农业产业化、农村工业化、农村城镇化发展不协调的表现研究     

谢必武徐小方  周长春杨洪霞  潘久政冯梅 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2006,4(2):124-127

通过大量调查，分析了万州区农业产业化、农村工业化、农村城镇化发展不协调的表现。具体表现在：农业产业化与农村工业化发展不协调，工业化程度偏低，农业产业化程度不高，没有形成规模经济和产业链；农业产业化与农村城镇化发展不协调，影响市场容量的扩大，制约农业自身的发展，制约第三产业发展和农民进入城镇就业步伐，城镇化辐射带动能力弱；农村工业化与农村城镇化发展不协调，城镇对生产要素的集聚功能差，农村工业布局较分散且技术落后，“空城现象”明显；农业产业化、农村工业化、农村城镇化与区域经济发展不协调，区域经济发展水平不高，区域经济结构运行质量不高，区域经济的市场竞争力不强，区域经济的发展环境不优。  相似文献   

协力构建和谐的医患关系     

张国栋 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2006,4(3):52-55

和谐的医患关系是社会主义和谐社会的重要内容.构建和谐的医患关系,需要政府、医院、医务人员和患方的共同努力.为此,政府应增加卫生经费投入,加快卫生立法步伐;医院应着力医德医风建设,正确处理医疗纠纷;医务人员应树立人文关怀理念,改善医疗服务态度;患方应科学认识就医行为,理性对待医疗事故.  相似文献