Review of psittacine beak and feather disease and its effect on Australian endangered species          下载免费PDF全文

SR Raidal  S Sarker  A Peters 《Australian veterinary journal》2015,93(12):466-470

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Frozen bread dough: Effects of freezing storage and dough improvers   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Vania Octaviani Selomulyo  Weibiao Zhou 《Journal of Cereal Science》2007

This review focuses on the effects of freezing storage on the microstructure and baking performance of frozen doughs, and provides an overview of the activities of dough improvers, including emulsifiers, hydrocolloids and other improvers used in frozen dough applications. The overall quality of bread baked from frozen dough deteriorates as the storage of the dough at sub-zero temperatures increases due to several factors which are discussed. Lipid-related emulsifiers such as diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono and diglycerides and sucrose esters employed as anti-staling agents, dough modifiers, shortening sparing agents, and as improvers for the production of high-protein bread have also been employed in frozen doughs. Hydrocolloids are gaining importance in the baking industry as dough improvers due to their ability to induce structural changes in the main components of wheat flour systems during breadmaking steps and bread storage Their effects in frozen doughs is discussed. Other dough improvers, such as ascorbic acid, honey and green tea extract, are also reviewed in the context of frozen doughs.  相似文献   

常州区金坛区鸟类资源研究     

马骧  陆万杰  崔立 《现代农业科技》2022,(6)

金坛区鸟类资源丰富,鸟类区系组成多样化,包含多种珍稀保护鸟类,同时在鸟类的组成上呈现出明显的季节性。通过野外调查和收集资料相结合的途径获得数据,运用植鸟类调查基本原理和方法,对金坛区鸟类资源进行全面整理、定量统计和系统分析,为本地区鸟类资源的保护与合理利用提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

Putative human and avian risk factors for avian influenza virus infections in backyard poultry in Egypt     

Basma M. Sheta  Trevon L. Fuller  Brenda Larison  Kevin Y. Njabo  Ahmed Samy Ahmed  Ryan Harrigan  Anthony Chasar  Soad Abdel Aziz  Abdel-Aziz A. Khidr  Mohamed M. Elbokl  Lotfy Z. Habbak  Thomas B. Smith 《Veterinary microbiology》2014

Highly pathogenic influenza A virus subtype H5N1 causes significant poultry mortality in the six countries where it is endemic and can also infect humans. Egypt has reported the third highest number of poultry outbreaks (n = 1084) globally. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to identify putative risk factors for H5N1 infections in backyard poultry in 16 villages in Damietta, El Gharbia, Fayoum, and Menofia governorates from 2010–2012. Cloacal and tracheal swabs and serum samples from domestic (n = 1242) and wild birds (n = 807) were tested for H5N1 via RT-PCR and hemagglutination inhibition, respectively. We measured poultry rearing practices with questionnaires (n = 306 households) and contact rates among domestic and wild bird species with scan sampling. Domestic birds (chickens, ducks, and geese, n = 51) in three governorates tested positive for H5N1 by PCR or serology. A regression model identified a significant correlation between H5N1 in poultry and the practice of disposing of dead poultry and poultry feces in the garbage (F = 15.7, p < 0.0001). In addition, contact between domestic and wild birds was more frequent in villages where we detected H5N1 in backyard flocks (F = 29.5, p < 0.0001).  相似文献   

取法自然：纳西东巴文美学风格分析     

王树勋  娥满 《云南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2014,8(6):54-58

东巴文承载了纳西族古老的美学传统,其文化精神契合于中国传统美学的意境体悟和生命意识.纳西先民以“林泉之心”直接观照自然,继而创造出具有和造化自然一样性质的审美意象,亦即所谓的“同自然之妙有”;同时把任自然的生活形态与精神境界都铸化在这种文字之中,体现了纳西东巴文与自然的亲密关系,而取法自然正是东巴文以主体之心体悟自然生命的结果,也是其最重要的美学风格.  相似文献   

白马鸡的人工孵化研究     

提布  肖林  江初农布  木艳春  李新红 《林业调查规划》2014,39(4):42-45

采用异亲鸟孵化与机器孵化2种繁殖方法对白马鸡种卵孵化的出雏率、种卵失重率等方面进行对比分析。结果表明,异亲鸟孵化成功率达87%以上,机器孵化的出雏率为85%;发育正常的白马鸡种卵在孵化器内正常孵化失重率变化不大,在13%左右;无发育能力的白马鸡卵在孵化器内正常孵化失重率变化较大,在11%~17%之间变动。在白马鸡人工孵化过程中种卵选择是孵化成功的先决条件。  相似文献   

不同产区浓香型与清香型烤烟内在化学成分含量分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李根原  朱德斌  蒋福昌  张四伟  周炼川 《湖南农业科学》2014,(18)

为了揭示影响烤烟香型风格的主要化学特性指标,研究以湖南郴州、河南许昌、云南文山和福建三明4个烟区的烟叶作为浓香型和清香型烟叶的代表,对烟叶的内在化学成分含量进行了比较分析。结果表明,湖南郴州和河南许昌两个烟区的浓香型烟叶在总糖和烟碱含量上的差异不明显,云南文山和福建三明两个烟区的清香型烟叶在总氮含量上没有差异,这表明总糖和烟碱是浓香型烟叶的决定因素,而总氮含量是清香型烟叶的决定因素。湖南郴州和河南许昌为代表的浓香型烟叶与云南文山和福建三明为代表的清香型烟叶在化学指标上总糖、还原糖、烟碱、糖碱比和两糖差均达到极显著差异(P0.01),表明浓香型与清香型烟叶的差异主要表现在糖和烟碱上,低糖和低碱成为浓香型的烟叶特色。  相似文献   

Status of aquatic and riparian biodiversity in artificial lake ecosystems with and without management for recreational fisheries: Implications for conservation     

Robert Nikolaus  Malwina Schafft  Andreas Maday  Thomas Klefoth  Christian Wolter  Robert Arlinghaus 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2021,31(1):153-172

1. Humanity is facing a biodiversity crisis, with freshwater-associated biodiversity in a particularly dire state. Novel ecosystems created through human use of mineral resources, such as gravel pit lakes, can provide substitute habitats for the conservation of freshwater and riparian biodiversity. Many of these artificial ecosystems are subject to a high intensity of recreational use, however, which may limit their biodiversity potential.
2. The species richness of several taxa (plants, amphibians, dragonflies, damselflies, waterfowl, and songbirds) was assessed and a range of taxonomic biodiversity metrics were compared between gravel pit lakes managed for recreational fisheries (n = 16) and unmanaged reference lakes (n = 10), controlling for non-fishing-related environmental variation.
3. The average species richness of all the taxa examined was similar among lakes in both lake types and no substantial differences in species composition were found when examining the pooled species inventory. Similarly, there were no differences between lake types in the presence of rare species and in the Simpson diversity index across all of the taxa assessed.
4. Variation in species richness among lakes was correlated with woody habitat, lake morphology (surface area and steepness), and land use, but was not correlated with the presence of recreational fisheries. Thus, non-fishing-related environmental variables had stronger effects on local species presence than recreational fisheries management or the presence of recreational anglers.
5. Collectively, no evidence was found that anglers and recreational fisheries management constrain the development of aquatic and riparian biodiversity in gravel pit lakes in the study region; however, the conservation of species diversity in gravel pit lakes could benefit from an increasing reliance on habitat enhancement activities.

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The diving behaviour of little penguins in Western Australia predisposes them to risk of injury by watercraft     

Belinda Cannell  Yan Ropert‐Coudert  Ben Radford  Akiko Kato 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2020,30(3):461-474

1. The most western little penguin colony globally, and the most northern in Western Australia (WA) is found on Penguin Island, WA. The penguins use coastal bays that are also used extensively by recreational watercraft. These penguins have been found to either dive predominantly to shallow depths of 1–5 m or to depths >8 m. It is thus hypothesized that (a) both the shallow and deeper diving penguins can potentially be disturbed or injured by these watercraft but that the risk will differ between the two diving strategies, and (b) that risk of injury for both is greater during the summer and autumn, when people are more likely to use watercraft.
2. This was tested by attaching data loggers to little penguins during chick rearing and by investigating necropsy records. Diving activity was studied for the very shallow and relatively deeper diving penguins separately, and we considered the penguins were vulnerable to interactions with watercraft when they were within the top 2 m of the water column or at the surface.
3. Shallow‐diving penguins executed >1,200 dives per day, 64% of dives occurred within the top 2 m, and they were vulnerable for approximately two‐thirds of their time at sea. The deeper diving penguins executed fewer dives. Almost half of dives were to ≥10 m, yet they were vulnerable for almost one‐third of their time at sea. Their post‐dive recovery was also longer. Thus, the risk of interaction from watercraft differs depending on the diving behaviour.
4. This study highlights the potential impact to little penguins throughout Australia and New Zealand.

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Reproductive biology of pink dentex Dentex gibbosus (Rafinesque) from the Adriatic Sea, Croatia     

Leon Grubisic  Gorana Jelic Mrcelic  Neda Skakelja  Ivan Katavic  Vijeko Ticina  & Merica Sliskovic 《Aquaculture Research》2007,38(9):991-1001

A 4‐year study (May 1997–December 2000) of the reproductive biology of pink dentex Dentex gibbosus (Rafinesque) from the Adriatic Sea revealed that this species is a rudimentary hermaphrodite. The smallest mature males and females captured were 38.70 cm in total length (T_L) and 39.80 cm in total length (T_L) respectively. The von Bertalanffy growth parameters estimated for the entire population were: L_∞=107.24, K=0.12 and t₀=−0.90. Fifty per cent of the population were sexually mature at 41.50 cm T_L, while 100% of the specimens were sexually mature at 57.00 cm T_L. Both monthly gonadosomatic index and macroscopically determined gonad stages strongly indicate that the pink dentex from the Adriatic Sea spawn partially in August, September and October. The mean value of absolute fecundity (F) was 1672 × 10⁶ eggs. The results of great fertility of the pink dentex, partial spawning and relatively late sexual maturation suggest that the pink dentex has a high potential for commercial culture.  相似文献