依普黄酮对骨质疏松症笼养蛋鸡OPG和RANKL表达的影响     

马利芹  利凯  吕文亭  王鹏  杨永红 《中国兽医学报》2013,33(7)

选用200只24周龄健康海兰褐蛋鸡,随机分为4组:对照组(基础日粮中含钙3.55％)、低钙组(日粮合钙1.27％)、试验Ⅰ组(依普黄酮8 mg/kg,低钙日粮)和试验Ⅱ组(依普黄酮20 mg/kg,低钙日粮),观察依普黄酮对骨质疏松症笼养蛋鸡血清及骨骼骨保护素(Osteo protegerin,OPG)/核因子-相受体活化因子配体(Receptor activatorof NF-κB ligand,RANKL)表达的影响.结果显示:与低钙组相比,30 d时,试验Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组血清OPG分别显著升高33.12％和60.19％(P＜0.05)；60 d时,试验Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组血清OPG分别显著升高35.89％和61.59％ (P＜0.05)；30 d时,试验Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组血清RANKL分别极显著降低63.85％和70.87％(P＜0.01)；60 d时,试验Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组血清RANKL分别极显著降低69.98％和72.85％ (P＜0.01).与低钙组相比,试验Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组骨组织OPG平均光密度分别显著(P＜0.05)和极显著(P＜0.01)升高,试验Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组蛋鸡骨组织RANKL平均光密度极显著低于低钙组蛋鸡(P＜o.01).试验Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组OPG/RANKL值高于低钙组.结果表明,低钙日粮中添加依普黄酮对蛋鸡骨质疏松症可起到一定改善作用,这可能与OPG上调,RANKL下调,影响RANKL信号通路,使其骨量增加,骨结构改善密切相关.  相似文献   

水稻粒型调控基因功能研究进展     

李堂  曹华盛  熊亮  王福军  李曙光  顾海永  罗文永  何高  梁世胡 《广东农业科学》2023,50(12):12-28

水稻是世界上的重要谷类粮食作物之一，其产量和品质一直都是育种学家关注的重点，关系到全球粮食安全和人类健康。水稻粒型主要包括粒长、粒宽、粒厚等，是受多基因控制的重要数量性状，不仅直接影响水稻产量，还与水稻品质密切相关。深入了解水稻粒型的形成与调控机理将有助于进一步提升水稻单株产量、改善稻米品质。分子生物学的发展和基因组学的研究为探究水稻内部调控机制带来了新的变革。大量水稻粒型的数量性状遗传位点（Quantitative trait locus，QTL）成功被鉴定与解析，并验证了与之有关的基因功能。目前，已有几条调控粒型的通路得到鉴定，如泛素 - 蛋白酶体降解途径、G 蛋白信号途径、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶途径、转录因子调控途径、植物激素途径以及表观遗传途径等。然而，粒型调控网络极其复杂，多数基因上下游的调控组件作用机制尚不清楚，甚至影响粒型的各条通路间均存在一定的交叉互作。本文综述了影响水稻粒型的不同信号通路相关基因研究进展及关键粒型基因间的互作关系，总结了近年来粒型基因在育种上的应用情况，并提出结合多组学解析水稻粒型的调控机理研究，以期更好地服务于分子设计育种，为开发新的高产优质稻育种提供支撑。  相似文献   

GPX4失活通过JNK通路缓解LPS诱导巨噬细胞炎症反应     

朱家威  赵潇晗  马翠  汤超华  司玮  赵青余  张军民  秦玉昌 《中国畜牧兽医》2022,49(11):4178-4186

【目的】 研究硒蛋白谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4（glutathione peroxidases 4,GPX4）失活如何参与调控脂多糖（lipopolysaccharide,LPS）诱导的RAW264.7巨噬细胞炎症反应及其潜在的分子机制。【方法】 体外培养RAW264.7巨噬细胞,以DMSO为对照,使用0.1~5.0 μmol/L GPX4抑制剂FIN56处理,通过CCK-8法检测细胞活力和Western blotting检测GPX4蛋白表达水平,确定抑制剂最适浓度。将RAW264.7巨噬细胞分为4组：对照组,添加DMSO培养24 h;FIN56（GPX4抑制剂）组,添加0.5 μmol/L FIN56培养24 h;DMSO-LPS组,DMSO培养24 h后使用LPS （100 ng/mL）刺激3 h;FIN56-LPS组,FIN56培养24 h后使用LPS刺激3 h。各组细胞经培养后,利用荧光探针2',7'-二氯二氢荧光素二乙酸酯（2',7'-dichlorodi-hydrofluorescein diacetate,H₂DCFDA）检测细胞内活性氧（reactive oxygen species,ROS）水平,使用试剂盒法检测细胞内丙二醛（malondialdehyde,MDA）水平,分别使用ELISA和荧光定量PCR检测促炎细胞因子白细胞介素1β（interleukin-1β,IL-1β）、白细胞介素6（interleukin-6,IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子α（tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α）的分泌水平和基因表达量,使用Western blotting法检测Toll样受体4（toll like receptor 4,TLR4）信号通路相关蛋白表达水平。【结果】 与DMSO处理相比,0.5 μmol/L FIN56处理巨噬细胞24 h对细胞活性无显著影响（P>0.05）,且显著降低GPX4蛋白表达水平（P<0.05）,故选用0.5 μmol/L FIN56用于后续实验。与对照组相比,FIN56和LPS均显著增加了ROS积累（P<0.05）,而与DMSO-LPS组相比,FIN56-LPS组ROS水平显著升高（P<0.05）。与对照组相比,LPS可显著增加小鼠巨噬细胞IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α的mRNA表达量和IL-6含量,以及c-Jun氨基末端蛋白激酶（c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase,JNK）和c-Jun磷酸化水平（P<0.05）,而FIN56可显著下调LPS诱导的IL-6的mRNA表达量和含量及JNK和c-Jun磷酸化水平（P<0.05）,但对p38蛋白（p38 MAPK,p38）、细胞外调节蛋白激酶（phosphorylate extracellular regulated protein kinases1/2,Erk1/2）蛋白表达水平无显著影响（P>0.05）。【结论】 GPX4失活可有效阻断JNK和c-Jun磷酸化,从而特异性抑制LPS诱导的巨噬细胞的炎症反应。该结果可为以GPX4为靶点研发抗炎治疗策略提供理论依据。  相似文献   

Comparative analysis of MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathway activation and inhibition in human and canine melanoma          下载免费PDF全文

J. S. Fowles  C. L. Denton  D. L. Gustafson 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2015,13(3):288-304

The lack of advanced animal models of human cancers is considered a barrier to developing effective therapeutics. Canine and human melanomas are histologically disparate but show similar disease progression and response to therapies. The purpose of these studies was to compare human and canine melanoma tumours and cell lines regarding MAPK and PI3K/AKT signalling dysregulation, and response to select molecularly targeted agents. Pathway activation was investigated via microarray and mutational analysis. Growth inhibition and cell cycle effects were assessed for pathway inhibitors AZD6244 (MAPK) and rapamycin (PI3K/AKT) in human and canine melanoma cells. Human and canine melanoma share similar differential gene expression patterns within the MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways. Constitutive pathway activation and similar sensitivity to AZD6244 and rapamycin was observed in human and canine cells. These results show that human and canine melanoma share activation and sensitivity to inhibition of cancer‐related signalling pathways despite differences in activating mutations.  相似文献   

咖啡酸苯乙酯通过AMPK/FOXO3a信号通路缓解猪精液常温保存氧化应激的作用机制     

蓝群  谢颖瑜  曹嘉程  薛丽娥  陈德军  饶勇勇  林瑞意  方绍明  肖天放 《中国农业科学》2022,55(14):2850-2861

【目的】探究咖啡酸苯乙酯（caffeic acid phenethyl ester,CAPE）通过AMPK/FOXO3a信号通路缓解氧化应激对猪精液的影响及其分子机制。【方法】选取8头成年（1—2岁）、健康状况良好长白种公猪进行鲜精采集,将质检合格的样品混池待用。试验设计如下：首先,在常温基础稀释液中分别添加0、0.02、0.04、0.06、0.08和0.10 g·L^-1浓度的CAPE,将精液样品与各个浓度组依次混合后放置室温平衡,随即转入17 ℃电子恒温冰箱进行常温保存。全自动精子分析仪（CASA）测定1—5 d精子运动学参数（总活率与渐进性活力）,筛选出最佳适宜浓度为0.06 g·L^-1。其次,将0.06 g·L^-1 CAPE与400 μmol·L^-1的H₂O₂建立氧化胁迫模型,在第1、3、5天分别采用CASA测定精子总活率与渐进性活力,荧光探针技术评估质膜完整性与顶体完整性,抗氧化试剂盒检测过氧化氢酶（catalase,CAT）与超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase,SOD）活性,在第5 天利用实时荧光定量 PCR技术测定AMPK/FOXO3a信号通路下游靶向基因（AMPK、FOXO3a、SOD1、SOD2、CAT）及凋亡基因BAX的mRNA表达水平,蛋白免疫印记技术测定AMPK、p-AMPK蛋白表达。【结果】（1）浓度筛选试验中,0.06 g·L^-1的CAPE在保存第3 天显著提高精子的总活率并维持至第5天（P<0.05）,不仅如此,精子的渐进性活力在第1 天显著高于其他处理组（P<0.05）。（2）氧化胁迫试验中,H₂O₂处理组的精子质膜完整性、顶体完整性、总活率、渐进性活力、SOD与CAT活性在保存的第5天均极限显著低于空白组与CAPE+H₂O₂混合组（P<0.001）,而空白组与CAPE+H₂O₂混合组的总活率、顶体完整性、CAT与SOD活性不存在显著差异（P>0.05）。与CAPE+H₂O₂混合组相比,H₂O₂处理组AMPK、FOXO3a、SOD1、SOD2、CAT的mRNA表达水平显著降低（P<0.05）,BAX的表达水平显著升高（P<0.05）,而空白组与CAPE+H₂O₂混合组的AMPK、SOD1、CAT与BAX不存在显著差异（P>0.05）。在蛋白表达水平中,CAPE+H₂O₂混合组与H₂O₂组相比,AMPK、p-AMPK 与p-AMPK/AMPK比率显著提升（P <0.05）。【结论】在常温基础稀释液中添加0.06 g·L^-1CAPE可通过促进磷酸化AMPK的表达,诱导AMPK/FOXO3a信号下游抗氧化分子的转录,继而缓解H₂O₂介导的氧化危害对精液品质产生的影响,延长精液的保存时间,但CAPE保护精子氧化损伤更为深入的分子机制仍需作进一步探究。  相似文献   

刀鲚基因家族鉴定及扩张与收缩     

张金鹏  高淑芳  施永海  严银龙  齐明  刘其根 《水产学报》2022,46(6):897-905

为增加对刀鲚在进化过程中因核心基因家族改变而产生的特殊机制的了解。实验利用比较基因组学,通过比较刀鲚及其近缘物种斑马鱼、三刺鱼、青鳉、红鳍东方鲀和绿河鲀基因组,鉴定刀鲚基因家族;利用CAFév 4.2软件进行基因家族扩张和收缩分析;最后将鉴定的扩张基因家族基因与GO、KEGG等数据库进行比对、注释和通路分析。结果显示,刀鲚具有11 872个基因家族,包含16 470个基因,有2 963个基因未形成基因家族。同其他5个物种相比,刀鲚有150个特有基因家族,包含419个基因。刀鲚扩张和收缩基因家族分析结果表明,刀鲚有1 200个基因家族扩张了,7 543个基因家族收缩了。刀鲚显著扩张的基因家族有39个,包含508个基因;显著收缩的基因家族有36个,包含21个基因。刀鲚显著扩张基因家族GO富集分析条目中鉴定较多的是,代谢过程、催化活性、细胞、细胞组分等。KEGG富集分析条目中鉴定较多的是紧密连接、心肌细胞的肾上腺素能信号、心肌收缩、细胞黏附分子等。与渗透压调节相关的通路有紧密连接、心肌收缩等;与生殖洄游行为相关的通路有GnRH信号通路、嗅觉转导通路等。对显著扩张基因家族基因进行基因组定位,结...  相似文献   

Characterization of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BetB) as an essential virulence factor of Brucella abortus     

Jin Ju Lee  Jae Hong Kim  Dae Geun Kim  Dong Hyeok Kim  Hannah Leah Simborio  Won Gi Min  Man Hee Rhee  Jong Hwan Lim  Hong Hee Chang  Suk Kim 《Veterinary microbiology》2014

The pathogenic mechanisms of Brucellosis used to adapt to the harsh intracellular environment of the host cell are not fully understood. The present study investigated the in vitro and in vivo characteristics of B. abortus betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BetB) (Gene Bank ID: 006932) using a betB deletion mutant constructed from virulent B. abortus 544. In test under stress conditions, including osmotic- and acid stress-resistance, the betB mutant had a lower osmotic-resistance than B. abortus wild-type. In addition, the betB mutant showed higher internalization rates compared to the wild-type strain; however, it also displayed replication failures in HeLa cells and RAW 264.7 macrophages. During internalization, compared to the wild-type strain, the betB mutant was more adherent to the host surface and showed enhanced phosphorylation of protein kinases, two processes that promote phagocytic activity, in host cells. During intracellular trafficking, colocalization of B. abortus-containing phagosomes with LAMP-1 was elevated in betB mutant-infected cells compared to the wild-type cells. In mice, the betB mutant was predominantly cleared from spleens compared to the wild-type strain after 2 weeks post-infection, and the vaccination test with the live betB mutant showed effective protection against challenge infection with the virulent wild-type strain. These findings suggested that the B. abortus betB gene substantially affects the phagocytic pathway in human phagocytes and in host cells in mice. Furthermore, this study highlights the potential use of the B. abortus betB mutant as a live vaccine for the control of brucellosis.  相似文献   

吐鲁番黑羊MSTN/Smad信号通路基因表达的发育性变化     

安外尔·热合曼  吐来力江·哈木太  马晓燕  依明·苏来曼  决肯·阿尼瓦什 《中国养羊》2014,(3):12-14

为探讨MSTN/Smad信号通路基因对吐鲁番黑羊肌肉生长发育的影响,采用实时定量PCR法,分别对1～6月龄吐鲁番黑羊的腿肌和尾脂MSTN/Smad信号通路基因进行检测.结果表明：MSTN/Smad信号通路基因在腿肌和尾脂组织中均有表达,MSTN/Smad信号通路基因在吐鲁番黑羊不同生长阶段的腿肌和尾脂中的表达没有出现随月龄的增加而一直增加或下降的趋势.  相似文献   

色氨酸对哺乳动物母-胎界面的免疫调节作用及其机制     

阮征  印遇龙  伍国耀 《动物营养学报》2014,26(10)

近年来,一些研究发现氨基酸对提高母猪繁殖能力具有重要的作用.少量的体内和体外试验研究表明,色氨酸及其代谢物能够提高母猪繁殖能力,降低流产率.本文综述了色氨酸及其犬尿氨酸代谢对哺乳动物(主要是猪和鼠)母-胎界面免疫调节(或免疫耐受)的影响,以及色氨酸及其代谢物(如犬尿氨酸和3-羟基犬尿氨酸)对哺乳动物母-胎界面蜕膜自然杀伤(dNK)细胞、调节性T细胞(Treg)和17型辅助性T细胞(Th17)的调控作用以及可能的作用机制.  相似文献   

Vaspin and insulin signaling pathways in obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome animal model     

ZHUANG Xiang-hua  NI Yi-hong  LIU Yuan-tao  SUN Ai-li  SUN Fu-dun  JIANG Dong-qing  LI Xiao-bo  CHEN Shi-hong 《园艺学报》2014,30(11):2084-2088

AIM: To establish a suitable chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) model in rats for modeling the obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and further to explore the relationship between vaspin and insulin signaling pathways at mRNA and protein levels. METHODS: Healthy male Wistar rats were divided into control group and CIH group. The rats in control group were raised under physiological condition, and the rats in CIH group were kept in the plexiglass chamber between 9:00~17:00 and underwent intermittent hypoxic challenge 8 h/d for 8 weeks. The blood pressure of arteria caudilis in the rats was measured by tail cannulation before and after study. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), fasting insulin (FINS), vaspin and adiponectin levels were measured. The mRNA expression of vaspin was detected by real-time PCR. The protein levels of vaspin, Akt and p-Akt were determined by Western blotting.RESULTS: Before the experiment, the weight and blood pressure of the rats had no significant difference, while after the experiment the blood pressure in CIH group was obviously higher than that in control group. FPG, FINS, TG and TC in CIH group were also markedly higher than those in control group (P<0.05). Serum vaspin concentration was significantly correlated with FPG, FINS, HOMA-IR and TC. The expression of vaspin at mRNA and protein levels in the fat tissue of CIH group was evidently higher than that in control group. The protein levels of p-Akt decreased distinctly in CIH group. CONCLUSION: The levels of FINS, HOMA-IR, SaO2 and vaspin were markedly higher than those in control group, indicating that there was a close relationship between vaspin and insulin resistance in OSAHS.  相似文献