西葫芦新品种寒丽的选育   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

武青山  武峻新 《中国瓜菜》2009,22(5):36-37

西葫芦新品种寒丽是以我国地方品种的分离后代经多代自交选育而成的纯合优良自交系F-70为母本,以国外引进品种的分离后代经多代自交选育而成的高代稳定自交系72-118为父本杂交育成的早熟一代杂交种。该品种植株矮生,株型紧凑,具有早熟、丰产、生长势强、抗逆性好、膨瓜速度快、持续结瓜能力强、商品性好等特点,667m2产量5000kg左右。适于我国大部分地区早春保护地和露地等种植。  相似文献   

An integrated water trading-allocation model, applied to a water market in Australia     

A.M. Zaman  H.M. Malano 《Agricultural Water Management》2009,96(1):149-159

Temporary water trading is an established and growing phenomenon in the Australian irrigation sector. However, decision support and planning tools that incorporate economic and biophysical factors associated with temporary water trading are lacking. In this paper the integration of an economic trading model with a hydrologic water allocation model is discussed. The integrated model is used to estimate the impacts of temporary water trading and physical water transfers. The model can incorporate economic and biophysical drivers of water trading. The economic model incorporates the key trade drivers of commodity prices, seasonal water allocations and irrigation deliveries. The hydrologic model is based on the Resource Allocation Model (REALM) framework, which facilitates hydrologic network simulation modelling. It incorporates water delivery system properties and operating rules for the main irrigation and urban centres in a study area.The proposed integration method has been applied to a case study area in northern Victoria, Australia. Simulations were conducted for wet and dry spells, a range of commodity prices and different irrigation distribution system configurations. Some example analyses of scenarios incorporating water trading were undertaken. From these analyses potential bottlenecks to trade that constrain the economic benefits from temporary water trading were identified. Furthermore, it was found that in certain areas of the system, trading can make impacts of long drought spells worse for water users, e.g. irrigators. Thus, the integrated model can be used to quantify short-term and long-term third party impacts arising from temporary water trading. These findings also highlight the need to link “paper trades” (estimated by economic models) to physical water transfers (estimated by biophysical models).  相似文献   

Relationship between stable carbon isotope discrimination and water use efficiency under regulated deficit irrigation of pear-jujube tree   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Ningbo Cui  Taisheng Du  Shaozhong Kang  Fusheng Li  Xiaotao Hu  Mixia Wang  Zhijun Li 《Agricultural Water Management》2009,96(11):1615-1622

To investigate the relationship between stable carbon isotope discrimination (Δ) of different organs and water use efficiency (WUE) under different water deficit levels, severe, moderate and low water deficit levels were treated at bud burst to leafing, flowering to fruit set, fruit growth and fruit maturation stages of field grown pear-jujube tree, and leaf stable carbon isotope discrimination (Δ_L) at different growth stages and fruit stable carbon isotope discrimination (Δ_F) at fruit maturation stage were measured. The results indicated that water deficit had significant effect on Δ_L at different growth stages and Δ_F at fruit maturation stage. As compared with full irrigation, the average Δ_L at different growth stages and Δ_F at fruit maturation stage were decreased by 1.23% and 2.67% for different water deficit levels, respectively. Δ_L and Δ_F among different water deficit treatments had significant difference at the same growth stage (P < 0.05). Under different water deficit conditions, significant relationships between the Δ_L and WUE_i (photosynthesis rate/transpiration rate, P_n/T_r), WUE_n (photosynthesis rate/stomatal conductance of CO_2, P_n/g_s), WUE_y (yield/crop water consumption, Y/ET_c) and yield, or between the Δ_F and WUE_y and yield were found, respectively. There were significantly negative correlations of Δ_L with WUE_i, WUE_n, WUE_y and yield (P < 0.01) at the fruit maturation stage, or Δ_L with WUE_i and WUE_n (P < 0.01) over whole growth stage, respectively. Δ_F was negatively correlated with WUE_y, WUE_n and yield (P < 0.05), but positively correlated with ET_c (P < 0.01) over the whole growth stage. Thus Δ_L or Δ_F can compare WUE_n and WUE_y, so the stable carbon isotope discrimination method can be applied to evaluate the water use efficiency of pear-jujube tree under the regulated deficit irrigation.  相似文献   

车用控制器局域网中网关的特性分析     

朱双华 《拖拉机与农用运输车》2009,36(5):129-130,132

控制器局域网中网关工作的好坏决定了不同的总线、模块和网络相互间通信的好坏。本文详细阐述了网关的特点和功能,并对网关在奥迪A4-B6车用控制器局域网(CAN)中的作用作了详细说明。  相似文献   

黑龙江茴鱼(Thymallus arcticus grubei Dybowski)精子活力的观察   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

韩英  张澜澜  徐革峰  牟振波  赵吉伟 《水产学杂志》2008,21(1):9-14

用BSS和水两种激活剂对黑龙江茴鱼精子活力进行测定,并在4℃和14℃(室温)条件下,对精原液和用ASP稀释的精液分别进行保存试验.试验结果显示,用BSS和水均可激活黑龙江茴鱼精子,其精子活率分别可达100%和98%.14℃条件下,用BSS激活黑龙江茴鱼精子平均寿命为72.1s,A级(快速)运动时间平均为14.1s;用水激活精子平均寿命为67.2s,A级运动时间平均为12.5s.不同温度保存的精子寿命和快速运动时间也有显著差异:精原液4℃保存2h后精子失去A级运动,其激活率在70%以上,保存6h后激活率小于20%;精原液14℃保存1.5h后精子失去A级运动,其激活率大于70%,4h后激活率小于20%.经ASP(pH分别为7.0、7.8、8.0、8.5、9.0)稀释的精液,在4℃和14℃条件下,BSS和water对精子的激活率均小于20%,且精子均呈现C、D级运动,1.5h后各保存组激活率为0.试验结果表明,BSS对黑龙江茴鱼的精子有良好的激活效果;精原液4℃保存效果好于14℃,在4℃保存条件下2h以内使用,可以得到理想的结果;精液不宜用ASP稀释保存.  相似文献   

流式细胞术在水生生物DNA含量和倍性分析中的应用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

耿波  孙效文 《水产学杂志》2008,21(2)

利用流式细胞仪对鲤鱼、银鲫、黄颡、牙鲆等淡水和海水鱼类进行了DNA含量测定或倍性分析。通过几百个样品的测定和分析,认为流式细胞仪在DNA相对含量测定和倍性分析上结果比较稳定一致,可以用于大量样品的测定分析。同时对待测样品的保存、处理及上样量等进行了一系列比较研究,找出最好的保存方法、最简便的样品处理方法和最少的上样量。流式细胞仪在水生生物的遗传育种、种群分化等方面有很重要的应用价值。  相似文献   

Effects of stocking density on haematological parameters,growth and fin erosion of great sturgeon (Huso huso) juveniles     

Saeedeh Rafatnezhad  Bahram Falahatkar  Mohammad H Tolouei Gilani 《Aquaculture Research》2008,39(14):1506-1513

The influence of stocking density (1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 kg m^?2) was investigated on haematological parameters, growth and fin erosion of great sturgeon (Huso huso) juveniles for a period of 8 weeks. The mean weight of fish at the start of trial was 93.13±1.04 g. After 8 weeks of rearing, the mean weight was 362.4, 319.7, 267, 242.1 and 211.1 in densities 1–8 kg m^?2 respectively. The results of this study showed that growth parameters, including condition factor, weight, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, specific growth rate and body weight increase, had a statistically significant difference among treatments (P<0.05). A significant difference (P<0.05) was observed in haematocrit, but the other haematological parameters, including red blood cells, white blood cells (WBC), haemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration and differential WBC count, showed no significant effect with stocking density (P>0.05). At the end of the experiment, stocking density had no significant effect on plasma cortisol and glucose concentration. The fin length (dorsal, anal, ventral, pectoral and caudal) of fish was measured to calculate the fin index. According to this index, dorsal, anal, ventral and pectoral fins showed no significant difference among treatments (P>0.05), but the erosion of the caudal fin was significantly different between fish held on 6 and 8 kg m^?2 (P<0.05). These results showed that rearing density has a major effect on the growth indices of H. huso. Unlike many other fish, great sturgeon exhibited lower stress responses to high stocking density. This indicates that they are more tolerable to rearing conditions in high stocking densities. With respect to the various effects that density causes on growth, fin erosion and physiological and haematological parameters, better understanding of these phenomena considering different levels of density could have a beneficial impact on many rearing steps of this species.  相似文献   

Genetic analysis of Aequipecten opercularis and Mimachlamys varia (Bivalvia: Pectinidae) in several Atlantic and Mediterranean localities, revealed by mitochondrial PCR-RFLPs: a preliminary study     

Mercedes Fernandez-Moreno  Alberto Arias-Perez  Ruth Freire  & Josefina Méndez 《Aquaculture Research》2008,39(5):474-481

Aequipecten opercularis (Queen scallop) and Mimachlamys (Chlamys) varia (Black scallop) are important natural resources occurring in Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts. To develop an optimal sustainable exploitation plan, it is important to study the genetic structure of the different populations. In this study, we used polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphisms for the determination of the genetic variation and population structure of these two species in different localities. Ten composite haplotypes were generated for A. opercularis and 15 haplotypes for M. varia. Of these, six and four were unique respectively. The analysis of the distribution of the different haplotypes between the localities showed no clear evidence of subdivision in A. opercularis, while in M. varia the results indicated that the two localities analysed should be managed as separate stocks.  相似文献   

Effect of dietary supplemental l‐carnitine on growth performance,body composition and antioxidant status in juvenile black sea bream,Sparus macrocephalus     

J.J. MA  Z.R. XU  Q.J. SHAO  J.Z. XU  SILAS S. O. HUNG  W.L. HU  L.Y. ZHUO 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2008,14(5):464-471

Effects of dietary l ‐carnitine were studied in juvenile black sea bream (Sparus macrocephalus). The semipurified basal diet [crude protein 450 g kg^?1 dry matter (DM); crude lipid 126 g kg^?1 DM] was formulated to choose white fishmeal as the protein source and fish oil plus corn oil (1 : 1) as the lipid source. Six diets (control + diets 1–5) containing 0.1, 0.12, 0.16, 0.24, 0.39 and 1.1 g of l ‐carnitine kg^?1 diet were fed to triplicate groups of black sea bream (initial weight 13.10 ± 0.05 g) for 8 weeks. At the end of the feeding trial, growth performance, body composition and antioxidant status were determined. The results showed that relative growth rate (RGR) was significantly improved by the elevation of dietary l ‐carnitine level from 0.1 to 0.24 g kg^?1, but decreased with further increment (P < 0.05). Lipid content decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in the dorsal muscle whereas increased (P < 0.05) in the liver with the addition of dietary l ‐carnitine. Dietary l ‐carnitine supplements elevated enzymatic antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT; glutathione‐S‐transferase, GST) activities (P < 0.05) yet decreased the content of non‐enzymatic factor, total sulphydryl groups (TSH) (P < 0.05). In summary, the optimum dietary l ‐carnitine level was 0.284 g kg^?1 diet by second‐polynomial regression analysis based on RGR (y = ?647.4x² +367.97x + 234.55; R² = 0.977, x = dietary l ‐carnitine levels, y = RGR), and dietary l ‐carnitine addition within the levels adopted in our study could depress lipid peroxidation in tissues of juvenile black sea bream.  相似文献   

Application of ELISA-based kit for detecting AOZ and determining its clearance in eel tissues     

Laddawan Krongpong  Kunihiko Futami  Takayuki Katagiri  Makoto Endo  Masashi Maita 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(5):1055-1061

Furazolidone, an antibacterial drug that was once widely used in the livestock industry and aquaculture, is now prohibited in numerous countries. It is difficult to detect residual furazolidone because it is readily metabolized in animal tissues but, by using and liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry, its metabolite, 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone (AOZ) can be detected. Here we describe the validity of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit to detect AOZ in Japanese eel Anguilla japonica tissue. ELISA is capable of detecting AOZ at 1.0 μg/kg in an eel sample with excellent accuracy and precision. Our results show that ELISA is suitable for regulatory purposes and for studying the fate of AOZ residues in eel treated with furazolidone. To measure the persistence of AOZ in eel tissues, eels (1.4–6.5g) were immersed in tanks containing 2 and 10 mg furazolidone/L for 3 h, and then maintained in a tank supplying well water for the next 160 days. The half-lives of AOZ, calculated from the linear terminal part of the excretion curve, were 25.0 days in muscle and 21.6 days in liver from fish exposed to 2 mg/L furazolidone. In the eels treated with 10 mg/L furazolidone, by contrast, high levels of AOZ were detected in liver and muscle, but the half-lives of AOZ were similar to those in fish treated with 2 mg/L furazolidone. The half-lives of AOZ in eel tissues were prolonged by the condition of low water temperature.  相似文献