非洲猪瘟诊断技术研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

高瞻  张光磊  邵军军  常惠芸 《中国动物检疫》2019,36(9):63-68

非洲猪瘟是猪的一种急性、高度接触性传染病,致死率可达100%。本文综述了非洲猪瘟病原学和血清学诊断技术研究进展,包括红细胞吸附试验(HAD)、聚合酶链反应技术(PCR)、环介导恒温扩增技术(LAMP)、荧光抗体技术(FAT)、酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)和胶体金快速免疫层析技术(GICA)等,并对各种方法的优缺点进行简要汇总分析,总结认为今后非洲猪瘟诊断的发展趋势在于不同诊断技术的联合应用。  相似文献   

牛、羊包虫病及其实验室诊断技术     

郭宇  刘威  李军燕  云涛  兰天驰  罗晓平 《畜牧与饲料科学》2019,40(2):98-101

包虫病(echinococcosis)是由寄生于终末宿主(犬、狼、狐狸等)小肠的棘球蚴感染中间宿主(牛、羊、猪、骆驼、人类等)而引起的一种严重的人兽共患寄生虫病。该病在临床表现上缺乏特异性,且多为隐性感染,病原体不易检出,严重危害牧区人民健康和畜牧业发展。对包虫病的病原学特点、流行病学特点、实验室检测和诊断技术作一介绍,以期为该病的预防控制和进一步研究提供参考。  相似文献   

Polymerase chain reaction for antigen receptor rearrangement: Benchmarking performance of a lymphoid clonality assay in diverse canine sample types     

E. J. Ehrhart  Shukmei Wong  Keith Richter  Victoria Zismann  Carolyn Grimes  William Hendricks  Chand Khanna 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2019,33(3):1392-1402

  相似文献   

New perspectives in avian influenza diagnosis     

Cattoli G  Terregino C 《Zoonoses and public health》2008,55(1):24-28

Recent outbreaks of avian influenza (AI) occurring in Europe, in the Americas, in Asia and in Africa have provided field evidence of how challenging the control of this infection can be, particularly in densely populated poultry areas or in areas where free-range rural village poultry and backyard flocks are present. In these areas, laboratory testing is mainly applied to trace viral circulation in a given area or in a susceptible population to implement an early warning system, rather than to diagnose the presence of the virus in a diseased flock or animal. This implies the use of rapid, sensitive and possibly cost-effective laboratory tests adaptable to very high throughputs. As a consequence, new diagnostic approaches and technologies have been increasingly developed and applied. Molecular biology and biotechnology are providing important and precious contributions to the field of AI diagnosis, making extremely rapid, specific and sensitive techniques available. However, the use of some of these technologies is still limited, due to their costs and to the requirement of advanced technical and scientific expertise. Therefore, more conventional and well-established techniques, should not be abandoned but rather reconsidered and improved or modified.  相似文献   

High field magnetic resonance imaging contributes to diagnosis of equine distal tarsus and proximal metatarsus lesions: 103 horses          下载免费PDF全文

Myra F. Barrett  Kurt T. Selberg  Sherry A. Johnson  Jake Hersman  David D. Frisbie 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2018,59(5):587-596

Injury of the distal tarsus and proximal metatarsus commonly causes lameness. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows concurrent assessment of both the distal tarsal joints and suspensory ligament origin, and aids identification of lesions that may otherwise go undetected by other modalities. In this retrospective observational study, the medical records of a veterinary imaging center were searched for MRI exams of the distal tarsus and proximal metatarsus for the years 2012 through 2014. Studies for 125 limbs of 103 horses were identified and retrospectively evaluated by two board‐certified veterinary radiologists. Soft tissue and osseous changes were characterized and graded by degree of severity. The patients’ signalment, lameness severity, and results of diagnostic analgesia were recorded. Osteoarthritic changes of the distal intertarsal and tarsometatarsal joints were the most common findings. Other findings included bone marrow lesions, degenerative changes of the small cuboidal bones, subchondral cystic lesions, and intertarsal desmopathy. Suspensory ligament desmopathy was found in 53% of limbs. Fourty‐seven percent of limbs that responded to analgesia of the proximal suspensory ligament had more severe lesions in the distal tarsus. Bone marrow lesions of the third tarsal bone were the only MRI finding that correlated with grade of lameness in patients for which lameness grade was reported. The grade of lameness has a poor correlation with the severity of lesions found on MRI. The findings support the use of MRI for simultaneous evaluation of the proximal metatarsus and distal tarsus, particularly given the difficulty of lesion localization with diagnostic analgesia.  相似文献   

人工神经网络在汽油发动机故障诊断中的应用     

袁泉  张建阳  何勇  陈开考 《浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版)》1998,(4)

结合专家系统与模糊神经网络技术,通过对汽车发动机废气中ＨＣ,ＣＯ,ＣＯ２和Ｏ２含量的分析进行故障推理和诊断．首先由人工神经网络模块进行故障分类,再经专家系统给出解释并进一步推理,得到具体的诊断结果,从而实现发动机常见故障的快速智能化诊断  相似文献   

Evaluation of histopathology,real‐time PCR and virus isolation for diagnosis of infectious salmon anaemia in Norwegian salmon using latent class analysis     

T Abayneh  N Toft  A B Mikalsen  E Brun  M Sandberg 《Journal of fish diseases》2010,33(6):529-532

  相似文献   

Bayesian latent class analysis of ELISA and RT‐rPCR diagnostic accuracy for subclinical Renibacterium salmoninarum infection in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) broodstock     

Emilie Laurin  Diane Morrison  Ian A. Gardner  Ahmed Siah  James F. F. Powell  Mykolas Kamaitis 《Journal of fish diseases》2019,42(2):303-313

  相似文献   

Design standards for experimental and field studies to evaluate diagnostic accuracy of tests for infectious diseases in aquatic animals          下载免费PDF全文

E Laurin  K K Thakur  I A Gardner  P Hick  N J G Moody  M S J Crane  I Ernst 《Journal of fish diseases》2018,41(5):729-749

Design and reporting quality of diagnostic accuracy studies (DAS) are important metrics for assessing utility of tests used in animal and human health. Following standards for designing DAS will assist in appropriate test selection for specific testing purposes and minimize the risk of reporting biased sensitivity and specificity estimates. To examine the benefits of recommending standards, design information from published DAS literature was assessed for 10 finfish, seven mollusc, nine crustacean and two amphibian diseases listed in the 2017 OIE Manual of Diagnostic Tests for Aquatic Animals. Of the 56 DAS identified, 41 were based on field testing, eight on experimental challenge studies and seven on both. Also, we adapted human and terrestrial‐animal standards and guidelines for DAS structure for use in aquatic animal diagnostic research. Through this process, we identified and addressed important metrics for consideration at the design phase: study purpose, targeted disease state, selection of appropriate samples and specimens, laboratory analytical methods, statistical methods and data interpretation. These recommended design standards for DAS are presented as a checklist including risk‐of‐failure points and actions to mitigate bias at each critical step. Adherence to standards when designing DAS will also facilitate future systematic review and meta‐analyses of DAS research literature.  相似文献   

Comparative evaluation of MCP gene in worldwide strains of Megalocytivirus (Iridoviridae family) for early diagnostic marker          下载免费PDF全文

A Mishra  G‐H Nam  J‐A Gim  H‐E Lee  A Jo  D Yoon  S Oh  S Kim  A Kim  D‐H Kim  Y C Kim  H D Jeong  H‐J Cha  Y H Choi  H‐S Kim 《Journal of fish diseases》2018,41(1):105-116

Members of the Iridoviridae family have been considered as aetiological agents of iridovirus diseases, causing fish mortalities and economic losses all over the world. Virus identification based on candidate gene sequencing is faster, more accurate and more reliable than other traditional phenotype methodologies. Iridoviridae viruses are covered by a protein shell (capsid) encoded by the important candidate gene, major capsid protein (MCP). In this study, we investigated the potential of the MCP gene for use in the diagnosis and identification of infections caused Megalocytivirus of the Iridoviridae family. We selected data of 66 Iridoviridae family isolates (53 strains of Megalocytivirus, eight strains of iridoviruses and five strains of Ranavirus) infecting various species of fish distributed all over the world. A total of 53 strains of Megalocytivirus were used for designing the complete primer sets for identifying the most hypervariable region of the MCP gene. Further, our in silico analysis of 102 sequences of related and unrelated viruses reconfirms that primer sets could identify strains more specifically and offers a useful and fast alternative for routine clinical laboratory testing. Our findings suggest that phenotype observation along with diagnosis using universal primer sets can help detect infection or carriers at an early stage.  相似文献