3树种抗旱性的灰色关联分析     

李禄军  车克钧  蒋志荣  邵玲玲 《防护林科技》2006,(6):26-27,79

运用灰色关联分析法,对红柳、侧柏和合头草等3个树种的抗旱性与9项抗旱指标的相关性进行了分析。关联度分析结果表明:叶绿素含量、叶水势、叶片相对含水量以及电导率与3个树种的关联度分别为0.767 4、0.700 5、0.679 3和0.628 7,它们可作为3个树种重要的抗旱评价指标。  相似文献   

吉林省西部苏打盐碱土GGR及植物体保水剂、吸水剂抗旱造林试验初报   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

冷志巍  张志  王晓晶  杨爱国  刁守龙  杨建芬 《吉林林业科技》2006,35(1):29-31

在吉林省西部苏打盐碱土上抗旱造林,用保水剂处理成活率可提高20％左右;GCR 保水剂处理成活率可提高18％左右,但生长状况最好,地径平均值高出对照10％左右;而吸水剂处理的苗木,不论是在成活率上,还是在生长量上,作用均不明显。  相似文献   

土壤逐渐干旱及复水对黑果腺肋花楸光合特性的影响     

胡艳  艾力江·麦麦提  安尼瓦尔·艾木都  古丽买然木·吐尼亚孜  阿不都外力·吐尔洪  买尔开那·赛买提江 《广东农业科学》2020,47(1):39-47

【目的】探索黑果腺肋花楸对土壤干旱胁迫的响应。【方法】以两年生黑果腺肋花楸为材料,人工模拟干旱胁迫,通过盆栽试验进行土壤逐渐干旱胁迫和旱后复水处理,研究土壤逐渐干旱及复水对黑果腺肋花楸光合特性的影响。【结果】整个干旱胁迫期间,黑果腺肋花楸的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO_2浓度(Ci)和蒸腾速率(Tr)均逐渐降低,而水分利用效率(WUE)随土壤干旱胁迫程度的加剧而上升;干旱胁迫下,黑果腺肋花楸的叶绿素总量显著降低,叶绿素a/b值显著增加,类胡萝卜素含量变化不明显,并维持较高的叶片相对含水量;CO_2补偿点升高,羧化效率明显减小;干旱30 d,Pn、Gs、Ci和Tr均降到最低值,均显著低于干旱处理前的水平,分别比干旱胁迫处理前下降了85.4%、79.86%、31.98%和91.55%,仍具有一定生物活性,没有死亡;干旱复水后,叶片相对含水量能恢复至对照水平,Pn、Gs、Ci和Tr均迅速升高,Gs、Ci、Tr均未恢复到干旱处理3 d时的水平,但只比干旱处理3 d时降低27.99%、14.15%、16.58%,Pn比干旱处理3 d时升高0.54%,通过表现出较强的恢复能力适应土壤干旱环境。【结论】干旱胁迫过程中,黑果腺肋花楸通过较高的Pn、较低的Tr来提高WUE,保持良好叶片水分状况来抵御干旱胁迫的伤害,胁迫去除后,叶片相对含水量和叶绿素含量均有所增高;各项光合参数值也有所回升,反映出黑果腺肋花楸在复水后具有较强的自我调节能力。  相似文献   

Water availability affects nectar sugar production and insect visitation of the cup plant Silphium perfoliatum L. (Asteraceae)     

Anna Lena Mueller  Christian A. Berger  Siegfried Schittenhelm  Burkhard Stever-Schoo  Jens Dauber 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2020,206(5):529-537

The perennial cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) is considered as an alternative feedstock to maize for biogas plants. Due to its ecological advantages of an extensive management and function as food resource for pollinators, it can be grown in Ecological Focus Areas (EFAs) since 2018. However, studies at the Julius Kühn-Institute in Braunschweig (Germany) showed that the assumed advantage of the cup plant of a high drought tolerance could not be confirmed regarding aspects of crop production and yield. We complemented this experiment by assessing how different soil moisture conditions affect the production of floral resources and insect visitation. In 2014, we sampled three irrigated and three rainfed plots of the cup plant. We quantified the nectar volume and sugar mass per inflorescence, the number of inflorescences per plant and calculated the total nectar sugar production. We further counted insect visitation on the inflorescences. Due to reduced numbers of inflorescences per plant and an earlier harvest, the estimated nectar sugar production was 58 kg/ha regarding irrigated and 20 kg/ha regarding rainfed plots. Honeybee visitation per inflorescence was about twice as high in the irrigated plots. Furthermore, the early harvest is a disadvantage for wild pollinators with a late activity period.  相似文献   

干旱胁迫下腐植酸对燕麦叶绿素荧光特性的调控效应     

李英浩  刘景辉  赵宝平  田露  王琦  朱珊珊  戴云仙 《灌溉排水学报》2020,(4):26-33

【目的】明确腐植酸(HA)对干旱胁迫下燕麦叶片叶绿素荧光特性的调控效应。【方法】采用盆栽试验,研究了在正常供水(75%田间持水率)、中度干旱胁迫(60%田间持水率)、重度干旱胁迫(45%田间持水率)3个水分条件下喷施HA对燕麦叶片叶绿素量及荧光参数的影响。【结果】①水分胁迫导致Chla+Chlb、Chla/Chlb、Fm、Fv、Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo和qP显著降低,而Fo和NPQ显著升高;②与CK相比,干旱胁迫下HA处理Chla+Chlb提高0.6%~40.82%、Chla/Chlb提高1.13%~30.09%、Fm提高0.7%~121.19%、Fv提高1.0%~171.79%、Fv/Fm提高0.2%~83.89%、Fv/Fo提高1.9%~211.56%、qP提高0.1%~68.30%、NPQ提高6.02%~73.36%、而Fo降低0.70%~14.06%,其中在重度干旱胁迫下均达到显著差异。【结论】干旱胁迫对燕麦PSⅡ光反应系统产生明显伤害,喷施腐植酸可缓解其影响,且在重度干旱胁迫条件下效果最明显。  相似文献   

4个核桃类树种苗木应对持续干旱的生理响应   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

王寒茹  刘华  李丕军  邢文曦  郑崇文 《安徽农业大学学报》2020,47(5):722

采用自然干旱法,对引种栽培的美国黑核桃‘北加州黑核桃’和美国山核桃‘波尼’以及乡土核桃树种（漾濞大泡核桃和旺核2号）的2年生苗木进行干旱胁迫处理,测定其生理生化指标,对比分析其抗旱性。结果表明：(1) 4个树种的根系活力、叶片相对含水量、叶片水势和超氧化物歧化酶均随干旱胁迫的增强而呈下降的趋势,叶片相对电导率呈上升的趋势,叶片丙二醛含量呈先增加后下降最后上升的趋势,可溶性糖含量呈先增后减的趋势。（2）叶片可溶性糖含量在第14天时发生显著变化;根系活力在第17天时发生显著变化;叶片相对含水量和丙二醛含量以及超氧化物歧化酶活性在第19天时开始发生显著变化;叶片相对电导率、叶片水势均在第23天时发生显著变化。 (3) 4个树种的抗旱隶属值排序为：‘北加州黑核桃’>‘波尼’>‘旺核2号’>漾濞大泡核桃,说明引进种对干旱的适应性要高于乡土树种。  相似文献   

Heterologous expression of the ThIPK2 gene enhances drought resistance of common wheat          下载免费PDF全文

ZHANG Shu-juan  LI Yu-lian  SONG Guo-qi  GAO Jie  ZHANG Rong-zhi  LI Wei  CHEN Ming-li  LI Gen-ying 《农业科学学报》2020,19(4):941-952

Th IPK2 is an inositol polyphosphate kinase gene cloned from Thellungiella halophila that participates in diverse cellular processes. Drought is a major limiting factor in wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) production. The present study investigated whether the application of the Th IPK2 gene could increase the drought resistance of transgenic wheat. The codon-optimized Th IPK2 gene was transferred into common wheat through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation driven by either a constitutive maize ubiquitin promoter or a stress-inducible rd29 A promoter from Arabidopsis. Molecular characterization confirmed the presence of the foreign gene in the transformed plants. The transgenic expression of Th IPK2 in wheat led to significantly improve drought tolerance compared to that observed in control plants. Compared to the wild type(WT) plants, the transgenic plants showed higher seed germination rates, better developed root systems, a higher relative water content(RWC) and total soluble sugar content, and less cell membrane damage under drought stress conditions. The expression profiles showed different expression patterns with the use of different promoters. The codon-optimized Th IPK2 gene is a candidate gene to enhance wheat drought stress tolerance by genetic engineering.  相似文献   

20个甘蔗品种（系）的抗旱性比较     

李晓君  罗正清  陆昌强  唐吉昌  周中  曹琦 《热带作物学报》2020,41(12):2482-2491

干旱是限制我国甘蔗产量提高的主要原因。采用桶栽和人工控水的方法,对云南省甘蔗主产区临沧市选取的20个甘蔗品种（系）进行抗旱性分析,通过测定苗期和分蘖期的8个抗逆生理指标,以及分蘖率、成活率和株高3个生长指标,采用模糊隶属函数、主成分分析和系统聚类分析方法对各甘蔗品种（系）的抗旱性进行综合评价。结果表明,干旱胁迫后,甘蔗叶片相对含水量、叶绿素含量、甘蔗分蘖率、株高和成活率呈下降趋势,而甘蔗叶片丙二醛、脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量、质膜透性、SOD和POD酶活性则呈上升趋势。通过模糊隶属函数、主成分分析和系统聚类分析可将20份甘蔗品种（系）材料分为3类,其中7个为抗旱品种（系）,6个为中等抗旱品种（系）,7个为不抗旱品种（系）;根据抗旱综合值,7个抗旱品种（系）的抗旱能力排名为：‘桂糖06-2081’>‘柳城05-136’>‘福农38’>‘柳城03-1137’>‘德蔗03-83’>‘云蔗05-49’>‘福农40’。相关分析表明,与甘蔗抗旱性呈显著正相关的指标分别为成活率、株高和叶片相对含水量,呈显著负相关的指标分别为质膜透性、脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量。  相似文献   

Quantitative trait loci analysis for root traits in synthetic hexaploid wheat under drought stress conditions          下载免费PDF全文

LIU Rui-xuan  WU Fang-kun  YI Xin  LIN Yu  WANG Zhi-qiang  LIU Shi-hang  DENG Mei  MA Jian  WEI Yu-ming  ZHENG You-liang  LIU Ya-xi 《农业科学学报》2020,19(8):1947-1960

Synthetic hexaploid wheat(SHW), possesses numerous genes for drought that can help breeding for drought-tolerant wheat varieties. We evaluated 10 root traits at seedling stage in 111 F9 recombinant inbred lines derived from a F2 population of a SHW line(SHW-L1) and a common wheat line, under normal(NC) and polyethylene glycol-simulated drought stress conditions(DC). We mapped quantitative trait loci(QTLs) for root traits using an enriched high-density genetic map containing 120 370 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs), 733 diversity arrays technology markers(DArT) and 119 simple sequence repeats(SSRs). With four replicates per treatment, we identified 19 QTLs for root traits under NC and DC, and 12 of them could be consistently detected with three or four replicates. Two novel QTLs for root fresh weight and root diameter under NC explained 9 and 15.7% of the phenotypic variation respectively, and six novel QTLs for root fresh weight, the ratio of root water loss, total root surface area, number of root tips, and number of root forks under DC explained 8.5–14% of the phenotypic variation. Here seven of eight novel QTLs could be consistently detected with more than three replicates. Results provide essential information for fine-mapping QTLs related to drought tolerance that will facilitate breeding drought-tolerant wheat cultivars.  相似文献   

Silencing the SLB3 transcription factor gene decreases drought stress tolerance in tomato          下载免费PDF全文

WANG Zi-yu  bAO Yu-fang  PEI Tong  WU Tai-ru  DU Xu  HE Meng-xi  WANG Yue  LIU Qi-feng  YANG Huan-huan  JIANG Jing-bin  ZHANG He  LI Jing-fu  ZHAO Ting-ting  XU Xiang-yang 《农业科学学报》2020,19(11):2699-2708

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