农作物抗旱性鉴定仪的研制和应用     

陈毓荃  王志常  王志辉  兰晓纪 《西北农业学报》1997,6(3):92-95

依据陈毓荃等首次提出的连续升温电导法，研制了ＮＫＪ－１型农作物抗旱性鉴定仪，对１４种小麦抗旱性的鉴定结果与田间观测结果一致，也适于果树抗热性鉴定。  相似文献   

沙区五种珍稀濒危植物水分生理指标测定及分析   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15  

王理德  刘生龙 《甘肃林业科技》1995,20(3):6-9

本文在测定沙区５种珍稀濒危植物的水分生理指标的基础上，分析了其抗旱性，意在探讨适应干旱环境的特性。研究结果表明：矮沙冬青保水能力与吸水能力强，对干燥炎热的环境有很强的适应性；银沙槐蒸腾强度大，失水快，但吸水力强，补偿水分快；裸果木通过强的保水力适应干旱；绵刺以强的吸水力和抗脱水力适应环境；准噶尔无叶豆以体内水分自我调节作用适应大气干旱。  相似文献   

低温热水地板供暖系统简述   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

孙秋红 《林业科技情报》2006,38(1):40-40

本文介绍了低温热水地板供暖系统的特点。对设计中存在的几个问题进行分析:热负荷计算问题、户内系统阻力损失和地板加热盘管敷设形式及间距选择问题。  相似文献   

实验猴志贺氏菌检出、血清分型及药物敏感性试验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

盘宝进  汪文龙  谢永平  韦梅良  罗兆飞  陈立标 《广西农业科学》2006,37(3):331-332

采用实验动物国家标准(GB/T 14926.47-2001)的检验方法,对144份待出口实验猴粪便样品检测,检出志贺氏菌2株,阳性检出率1.39%。血清学分型,均属于B群志贺氏菌,血清型分别为X变种和Y变种。药敏试验结果表明,2株分离菌对先锋V、氟哌酸和环丙沙星高度敏感,而对青霉素、红霉素和复方新诺明耐药。  相似文献   

影响水产动物药代动力学的因素   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

湛嘉  李佐卿  康继韬  俞雪均  谢东华  孙大为  杨先乐 《中国兽药杂志》2003,37(12):38-41

对影响水产动物药代动力学的机体因素、药理因素和环境因素进行了综述。影响药动学的因素很多，尤其对于所处环境因素复杂的水产动物来说，除了遗传种属、性别等生理因素和病理、药理等因素外，环境因子尤其是水温能显著影响药代动力学过程。研究不同条件下的药动学，对于合理、正确地使用药物有重要的指导作用。  相似文献   

辣椒主要病害抗性的配合力分析     

邹学校  侯喜林  陈文超  刘荣云  张竹青  马艳青  戴雄泽  杨宇红 《辣椒杂志》2003,(4)

本文用6个亲本,按(1/2)n(n-1)双列杂交法配制15个杂交组合,对辣椒TMV、CMV、疫病、疮痂病抗性进行了配合力分析。结果表明,不同亲本、不同病害抗性的一般配合力效应和不同杂交组合的特殊配合力效应差异较大,疫病抗性显性方差所占份量较大,加性方差所占的份量较小;CMV和疮痂病抗性是加性方差所占份量较大,显性方差所占份量相对较小;TMV抗性介于二者之间。不同病害抗性间所有一般配合力的相关系数均未达到显著水平;特殊配合力是CMV与疮痂病阃的相关达到了极显著水平,TMV与CMV间和疫病与疮痂病间的相关系数达到显著水平。  相似文献   

钾肥对草坪草抗性的影响   总被引：11，自引：4，他引：7  

游明鸿  毛凯  刘金平  干友民 《草业科学》2003,20(2):62-65

钾肥是草坪草三大营养元素之一，对形成和加强草坪草的抗性起着十分重要的作用。论述了钾肥对草坪草寒、旱、热、病虫害及盐碱等抗性的影响及其作用机理，为草坪建植、管理等生产实践及系统化研究提供一定的依据。  相似文献   

Morphological characterization of the interaction between Diplocarpon rosae and various rose species     

O. Blechert  T. Debener † 《Plant pathology》2005,54(1):82-90

Blackspot, caused by Diplocarpon rosae , is the most severe and ubiquitous disease of garden roses, but information is lacking about genotype-specific forms of resistance and susceptibility of the host. Macro- and microscopic analyses of 34 rose genotypes with a defined monoconidial culture black spot inoculum identified susceptible and resistant rose genotypes and further genotype-specific subdivisions, indicating the presence of partial forms of resistance and different resistance mechanisms. In total, eight interaction types were characterized, five representing compatible (types 1–5) and three representing incompatible interactions (types 6–8). The incompatible interactions were characterized by the lack of any visible fungal structures beneath the cuticle (type 8), single-cell necroses (type 7) or necroses of larger cell clusters (type 6), the latter two types with penetration hyphae and haustoria in epidermal cells.  相似文献   

再论生长的冗余   总被引：29，自引：1，他引：28  

张大勇  姜新华 《草业学报》1995,4(3):17-22

生长冗余概念是由盛承发在１９９０年首先提出来的。本文从作物个体与群体对立统一关角度出发提出了作物生长冗余的一个解释。盛承发提出的随机波动环境假说可以导致生长冗余的产生；但是，他从物种利益角度出发解释生物进化还有待商榷。本文还综述了黄土高原阗干旱雨养农业地区小麦根系生长冗余问题，并根据前入工作提出适度增加播种深度和苗期叶片刈割等高产栽培措施。  相似文献   

Colonization and histopathology of susceptible and resistant carnation cultivars infected with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi     

R. P. Baayen  D. M. Elgersma 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1985,91(3):119-135

Stems of the susceptible Early Sam and resistant Novada carnations were inoculated with a conidial suspension ofFusarium oxysporum f. sp.dianthi. Stem segments of either cultivar were sampled regularly and used for determination of fungal growth and for microscopical investigation.Early Sam showed typicalFusarium wilt symptoms and its stems were colonized intensively. The observed vascular browning appeared to be caused by discolouration of primary walls of infected vessels and surrounding cells. Vessels were rarely occluded with gel. Cell wall degradation led to the formation of stem cavities. Hyperplasia of xylem parenchyma was not seen.In Novada, fungal colonization remained low throughout the experiment. Macroscopic symptoms were absent except for longitudinal bursts in the stem, which appeared to be caused by hyperplasia of xylem parenchyma bordering infection. Vascular gelation occurred in the infected tissues, causing some vascular browning also. Xylem vessel regeneration was observed in the hyperplastic layer. Cavities were not formed, and wall discolouration was rare. Vascular gelation is considered part of theFusarium wilt resistance mechanism. It is followed by xylem vessel regeneration, which expresses a general plant response to vascular dysfunction rather than being part of the resistance mechanism.Although of different origin, vascular browning as such occurs in both susceptible and resistant interactions. In breeding for resistance, care should hence be taken with the current use of browning as an indication of disease.Samenvatting Anjers van de vatbare cultivar Early Sam en de resistente cultivar Novada werden geïnoculeerd met een conidiënsuspensie vanFusarium oxysporum f. sp.dianthi. Van beide cultivars werden regelmatig stengeldelen geoogst om deze microscopisch te onderzoeken en om de schimmelgroei te bepalen.Early Sam vertoonde de voor deze verwelkingsziekte kenmerkende symptomen en werd intensief gekoloniseerd. Aan het vaatweefsel waargenomen bruinkleuring bleek veroorzaakt te worden door verkleuring van de primaire wanden van geïnfecteerde vaten en de hen omringende cellen. Zelden trad er in de vaten gomvorming op. Celwandafbraak veroorzaakte de vorming van holten in de stengel. Hyperplasie van het houtparenchym werd niet waargenomen.In Novada bleef de schimmelgroei gedurende het hele experiment beperkt. Macroscopisch waren er enkel lengtescheuren in de stengel te zien, die veroorzaakt bleken te worden door hyperplasie van aan de infectie grenzend houtparenchym. In het geïnfecteerde vaatweefsel optredende gomvorming veroorzaakte ook enige bruinkleuring. In het hyperplastische weefsel werd regeneratie van houtvaten waargenomen. In de stengel werden geen holten gevormd, en verkleuring van de celwanden kwam weinig voor. De vorming van gommen in de houtvaten maakt waarschijnlijk deel uit van het resistentiemechanisme. De daarop volgende houtvatregeneratie is eerder een algemene reactie van de plant op vaatverstopping dan een deel van het resistentiemechanisme.Vaatverbruining, zij het van verschillende oorsprong, komt voor in zowel vatbare als resistente interacties. Om die reden moet men in de resistentieveredeling bij de anjer voorzichtig zijn met het gebruik van bruinkleuring als ziekteïndicatie.  相似文献