Hypoxia-targeting therapy for intestinal T-cell lymphoma in dogs: Preclinical study using 3D in vitro models     

Hiroki Yamazaki  Toshiyuki Tanaka  Hidetaka Nishida  Shingo Hatoya  Hideo Akiyoshi 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2023,21(1):12-19

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Characterisation of faecal microbiota in horses medicated with oral doxycycline hyclate     

Ronan J. J. Chapuis  Anne A. M. J. Becker  Patricia M. Dowling  J. Scott Weese 《Equine veterinary journal》2023,55(1):129-141

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碱法草浆造纸蒸煮黑液厌氧生物降解及其主要微生物类群研究     

陈玉谷  李艳  白威  万秀林  王庭放 《中国沼气》1991,(4)

采用中温(35±1℃)UASB AF相结合的反应器处理碱法草浆造纸蒸煮黑液,设计了两种试验方案。试验方案Ⅰ-碱法草浆黑液酸化后进行厌氧发酵,Ⅰ号反应器内装陶粒。试验方案Ⅱ-黑液用化学法(HCl)去除木质素后进行厌氧发酵,Ⅱ号反应器内装软填料。进行HRT、有机负荷和有机污染物(COD_(cr)、BOD_5)去除效率、沼气产气率相关性试验。在厌氧发酵稳态运行条件下,采用Hungate厌氧操作技术,MPN计数法对UASB AF反应器内厌氧污泥中的主要微生物类群区系组成进行了生态分析研究。  相似文献   

利杂犊牛小肠各段长度与黏膜结构的发育学变化   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

宋恩亮  陈耀星  王子旭  巢国正  万发春  吴乃科 《动物医学进展》2006,27(5):66-70

利用图像分析法研究1月龄,4月龄和6月龄健康利杂犊牛小肠结构的发育形态变化。结果显示,犊牛小肠各段在不同的月龄,其长度变化差异显著(P<0.05);不同月龄犊牛的十二指肠、空肠、回肠的黏膜厚度、肌层厚度不同程度的增加且差异极显著(P<0.01);从1月龄至6月龄,十二指肠、回肠绒毛长度分别增加45.7%和8.0%;而空肠的绒毛以4月龄最长(392.48μm),绒毛高度/隐窝深度(V/C)值以4月龄的最大(2.63),且与1月龄和6月龄时比较差异极显著(P<0.01),但1月龄与6月龄相比较差异不显著(P>0.05)。结果提示,6月龄前犊牛小肠黏膜结构变化较大,犊牛断奶合理日龄应进一步研究。  相似文献   

发酵乳对肥胖小鼠肝脂代谢和肠道菌群的影响     

李昊霞  张道亮  薛之霖  张天琳  冯士彬  赵畅  王希春  李玉 《中国农业大学学报》2024,(8):120-133

为分析发酵乳对肥胖小鼠肝脂代谢和肠道菌群的影响,本研究将60只C57BL/6小鼠随机分为5组：正常对照组（CON）、模型组（MD）、易善复组（YG）、低浓度发酵乳干预组（LFG）和高浓度发酵乳干预组（HFG）。肥胖模型造模成功后进行为期6周的灌胃,试验结束测量小鼠的空腹体重和身长,计算LEE’S指数,采血检测生化指标,采集肝脏组织观察病理变化;采集小鼠盲肠内容物进行肠道菌群测序。结果表明：1）与CON相比,MD小鼠体重、LEE’S指数、ALT和AST均极显著提升（P<0.01）,表明肥胖模型建立成功。2）与MD相比,发酵乳干预组小鼠体重、LEE’S指数、ALT和TC均极显著下降（P<0.01）,其中AST和TG显著下降（P<0.05）,同时发酵乳和易善复组小鼠肝组织脂肪变性有明显好转,基本没有明显的脂肪空泡。表明发酵乳可以抑制肥胖小鼠体重的增加,改善肥胖小鼠的肝脂代谢功能。3）与MD相比干预组小鼠肠道菌群的多样性水平有一定程度的恢复,尤其是厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门。表明发酵乳对于小鼠肠道菌群多样性的恢复有一定的作用。综上,本研究阐明了发酵乳对肥胖小鼠肝脂代谢和肠道菌群的影响,为功能型发酵乳的开发提供理论依据。  相似文献   

Marine-Derived Chitosan Nanoparticles Improved the Intestinal Histo-Morphometrical Features in Association with the Health and Immune Response of Grey Mullet (Liza ramada)     

Mahmoud A.O. Dawood  Mahmoud S. Gewaily  Ali A. Soliman  Mustafa Shukry  Asem A. Amer  Elsayed M. Younis  Abdel-Wahab A. Abdel-Warith  Hien Van Doan  Adel H. Saad  Mohamed Aboubakr  Hany M.R. Abdel-Latif  Sabreen E. Fadl 《Marine drugs》2020,18(12)

Marine-derived substances are known for their beneficial influences on aquatic animals’ performances and are recommended to improve intestinal health, immunity, and anti-oxidative status. The present study investigates the role of chitosan nanoparticles on the intestinal histo-morphometrical features in association with the health and immune response of Grey Mullet (Liza ramada). Chitosan nanoparticles are included in the diets at 0, 0.5, 1, and 2 g/kg and introduced to fish in a successive feeding trial for eight weeks. The final body weight (FBW), weight gain (WG), and specific growth rate (SGR) parameters are significantly increased while feed conversion ratio (FCR) decreases by chitosan nanoparticles compared to the control (p < 0.05). The morphometric analysis of the intestines reveals a significant improvement in villus height, villus width, and the number of goblet cells in chitosan-treated groups in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, there is a positive correlation between the thickness of the enterocyte brush border and the chitosan dose, referring to an increasing absorptive activity. Histologically, the intestinal wall of Grey Mullet consists of four layers; mucosa, sub-mucosa, tunica muscularis (muscular layers), and serosa. The histological examination of the L. ramada intestine shows a normal histo-morphology. The epithelial layer of intestinal mucosa is thrown into elongated finger-like projections, the intestinal villi. The values of hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cells (RBCs), total protein (TP), albumin, and globulin are significantly increased in fish fed 1, and 2 g/kg of chitosan nanoparticles compared to fish fed 0 and 0.5 g/kg (p < 0.05). The highest levels of TP and albumin are observed in fish fed 1 g/kg diet (p < 0.05). The lysozyme activity and phagocytic index are significantly enhanced by feeding chitosan nanoparticles at 0.5, 1, and 2 g/kg, whereas the phagocytic activity is improved in fish fed 1 and 2 g/kg (p < 0.05). The highest lysozyme activity and phagocytic index are observed in fish fed 1 g/kg. SOD is significantly activated by feeding chitosan nanoparticles at 1 g/kg. Simultaneously, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) activities also are enhanced by feeding chitosan at 1 and 2 g/kg, compared to fish fed 0 and 0.5 g/kg (p < 0.05). The highest GPx and CAT activities are observed in fish fed 1 g/kg (p < 0.05). Conversely, the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels are decreased by feeding chitosan at 1 and 2 g/kg, with the lowest being in fish fed 1 g/kg (p < 0.05). To summarize, the results elucidate that L. ramada fed dietary chitosan nanoparticles have a marked growth rate, immune response, and anti-oxidative response. These improvements are attributed to the potential role of chitosan nanoparticles in enhancing intestinal histo-morphometry and intestinal health. These results soundly support the possibility of using chitosan nanoparticles at 1–2 g/kg as a feasible functional supplement for aquatic animals.  相似文献   

Evaluation of Intestinal Absorption of Dietary Halocynthiaxanthin,a Carotenoid from the Sea Squirt Halocynthia roretzi     

Chiaki Ikeda  Yuki Manabe  Nami Tomonaga  Tatsuya Wada  Takashi Maoka  Tatsuya Sugawara 《Marine drugs》2020,18(12)

Halocynthiaxanthin is an acetylenic carotenoid mainly found in Halocynthia roretzi. To date, several bioactivities of halocynthiaxanthin have been reported, but its mechanism of digestion and absorption in mammals has not been studied yet. In this study, we evaluated the intestinal absorption of halocynthiaxanthin in mice. The halocynthiaxanthin-rich fraction was prepared from the tunicate Halocynthia roretzi. Mice were orally administered the fraction at a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight. The halocynthiaxanthin levels in the plasma, liver, and small intestine, were quantified using HPLC-PDA, 1, 3, 6, and 9 h after ingestion. The halocynthiaxanthin-rich fraction mainly consisted of the all-trans form and a small amount of cis forms. These three isomers were detected in the plasma of mice 3 h after ingestion. Time-course changes after the ingestion of this fraction were found, with cis isomers being more abundant than the all-trans isomer in the mouse plasma and liver. In the small intestine, however, the all-trans isomer was primarily detected. The possibility that cis isomers might be absorbed rapidly from the small intestine cannot be denied, but our results suggest that dietary all-trans-halocynthiaxanthin might be isomerized to the cis isomer after intestinal absorption.  相似文献   

Identifying and Characterizing a Novel Peritrophic Matrix Protein (MdPM-17) Associated With Antibacterial Response From the Housefly,Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae)     

Yu Wang  Jinzhi Cheng  Man Luo  Jianwei Wu  Guo Guo 《Journal of insect science (Online)》2020,20(6)

Peritrophic matrix/membrane (PM) critically prevents the midgut of insects from external invasion by microbes. The proteins in the peritrophic membrane are its major structural components. Additionally, they determine the formation and function of this membrane. However, the role of PM proteins in immune regulation is unclear. Herein, we isolated a novel PM protein (MdPM-17) from Musca domestica larvae. Further, the function of MdPM-17 in regulating host innate immunity was identified. Results showed that the cDNA of MdPM-17 full is 635 bp in length. Moreover, it consists of a 477-bp open reading frame encoding 158 amino acid residues. These amino acid residues are composed of two Chitin-binding type-2 domain (ChtBD2) and 19 amino acids as a signal peptide. Moreover, tissue distribution analysis indicates that MdPM-17 was enriched expressed in midgut, and moderate levels in the fat body, foregut, and malpighian tubule. Notably, MdPM-17 recombinant protein showed high chitin-binding capacity, thus belongs to the Class III PM protein group. MdPM-17 protein silencing via RNA interference resulted in the expression of antimicrobial peptide (defensin, cecropins, and diptericin) genes, and this occurred after oral inoculation with exogenous microbes Escherichia coli (Enterobacteriales:Enterobacteriaceae), Staphylococcus aureus (Bacillales:Staphylococcaceae), and Candida albicans (Endomycetales:Saccharomycetaceae)). Therefore, all the antimicrobial peptide (AMP) gene expression levels are high in MdPM-17-depleted larvae during microbial infection compared to controls. Consequently, these findings indicate that MdPM-17 protein is associated with the antibacterial response from the housefly.  相似文献   

Intestinal responses of the oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) after ingestion of an entomopathogenic bacterium strain     

Tian Zeng  Xue Bai  Ya‐Lan Liu  Jian‐Fang Li  Yong‐Yue Lu  Yi‐Xiang Qi 《Pest management science》2020,76(2):653-664

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饲粮添加酿酒酵母和地衣芽孢杆菌对绵羊生长性能与瘤胃发酵的影响     

郑玮才  郝小燕  张宏祥  项斌伟  张文佳  张春香  张建新 《中国农业科学》2020,53(16):3385-3393

【目的】研究饲粮中添加酿酒酵母和地衣芽孢杆菌对绵羊生长性能和瘤胃发酵的影响,为酿酒酵母和地衣芽孢杆菌在肉羊饲粮中的合理应用提供理论依据。【方法】试验选用48只4月龄、体重相近（22.96±2.00）kg、健康的杜泊×小尾寒羊杂交F₁代公羔,根据饲喂添加剂不同随机分为4组：D（对照组,两种菌均不添加）;D1（酿酒酵母,6×10¹⁰CFU/kg）;D2（地衣芽孢杆菌,2×10¹⁰CFU/kg）;D3（酿酒酵母6×10¹⁰CFU/kg+地衣芽孢杆菌2×10¹⁰CFU/kg）,每组12只羊,试验期共75 d,前15 d为适应期,正饲期60d。试验羊每天分别于08:00和18:00进行饲喂,自由采食和饮水。正饲期内每天准确称量记录每只试验羊的喂料量和剩料量,并在第1、30、60 天晨饲前对试验羊进行称重,计算平均日采食量、平均日增重（ADG）及料重比（F/G）。试验结束当天08：00正常饲喂试验羊,3 h后采集瘤胃液,测定发酵参数、消化酶活性以及功能微生物。【结果】1）饲粮中添加酿酒酵母和地衣芽孢杆菌对试验羊的初始体重和终末体重及平均采食量的影响均不显著（P>0.05）,D3组的ADG显著高于D组（P<0.05）,D3组的F/G显著低于D组（P<0.05）,D1和D2组的F/G差异不显著（P>0.05）;2）饲粮中添加酿酒酵母和地衣芽孢杆菌对瘤胃液pH、丁酸浓度及乙丙比的影响均不显著（P>0.05）,D3组的NH₃-N浓度显著低于D组（P<0.05）,TVFA和丙酸浓度显著高于D组（P<0.05）,且D3组与D1和D2组均差异不显著（P>0.05）,D3和D2组的乙酸浓度显著高于D1与D组（P<0.05）;3）D3组的β-葡萄糖苷酶、羟甲基纤维素酶、木聚糖酶及淀粉酶活性均显著高于其他3组（P<0.05）。D1和D2组的β-葡萄糖苷酶、果胶酶、羟甲基纤维素酶及淀粉酶活性与D组无显著差异（P>0.05）。D3组蛋白酶活性显著高于D和D2组（P<0.05）,与D1组差异不显著（P>0.05）,D1和D2组的β-葡萄糖苷酶、果胶酶、羟甲基纤维素酶、木聚糖酶、蛋白酶及淀粉酶活性均差异不显著（P>0.05）;4）添加酿酒酵母和地衣芽孢杆菌对黄色瘤胃球菌、栖瘤胃普雷沃氏菌、嗜淀粉瘤胃杆菌和原虫数量的影响不显著（P>0.05）,D3组的溶纤维丁酸弧菌数显著高于其他3组（P<0.05）,白色瘤胃球菌和产琥珀酸丝状杆菌显著高于D组（P<0.05）,但与D1和D2组差异不显著（P>0.05）。与对照组相比,试验组产甲烷菌数量显著降低（P<0.05）,其中D3组最低。【结论】饲粮中添加6×10¹⁰CFU/kg酿酒酵母和2×10¹⁰CFU/kg地衣芽孢杆菌均会对绵羊瘤胃发酵产生积极影响,提高了瘤胃消化酶的活性,增加了瘤胃有益菌的数量,且二者组合饲喂效果更加显著。  相似文献