甘蔗渣苯甲基化改性研究   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

万东北  罗序中  黄桂萍  曾国林 《林业科技》2005,30(3):57-59

以NaOH作为润胀荆及催化剂，以氯化苄为醚化剂对甘蔗渣进行了苯甲基化改性，研究了氯化苄用量、反应温度、碱用量及反应时间对甘蔗渣苯甲基化反应的影响，并用红外光谱对苯甲基化甘蔗渣进行了初步表征。  相似文献   

杨木／无机硅化物复合材处理工艺初探   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

刘磊  朱玮  赵砺 《木材工业》2001,15(3):8-11

用硅酸单体溶液（SAMS）处理及用硅酸钠-三氧化二硼-乙酸复合处理改性文县杨（Populus wenxianesis)，制备杨木/无机硅化物复合材（WIC）。结果表明，在所选择的工艺条件下，SAMS处理的杨木WIC具有很好的尺寸稳定性和抗流失性，复合处理的杨木WIC的阻燃性能和防腐性能有了明显提高。  相似文献   

蛋白修饰调控植物育性与生殖发育的研究进展     

李构思  张雅玲  马坤  谢勇尧  陈乐天 《华南农业大学学报》2022,43(6):36-47

植物育性与生殖发育不仅与植物繁衍后代息息相关,也是作物杂种优势利用技术的遗传基础。探究作物生殖发育的分子调控机制是植物发育研究的重要科学内容,也是农作物杂交育种的重要需求。蛋白质修饰是重要的翻译后调控方式,广泛参与植物生长发育的各个过程。近年来,植物育性调控和生殖发育的分子网络调控研究取得了重要进展,但尚未系统总结蛋白质修饰在该发育过程中的功能和作用。为此,本文总结了磷酸化、泛素化、SUMO化和糖基化等多种蛋白修饰类型在植物育性调控和生殖发育阶段的调控作用,以期为后续的研究提供参考和思路。  相似文献   

织锦巴非蛤形态性状对体质量的影响     

翟子钦  喻达辉  白丽蓉 《广东农业科学》2022,49(6):113-119

猪在农业和医学领域均具有重要应用价值,利用基因修饰技术能够快速提高猪的经济性状和培育 人类疾病动物模型。CRISPR/Cas9 基因编辑技术具有操作简单、高效和低成本的优势,在猪基因修饰领域具有重 要应用。但 CRISPR/Cas9 易引发基因组结构不稳、大范围染色体重排和基因脱靶等问题,因而具有潜在的生物 安全风险。近年基于 CRISPR/Cas9 开发的碱基编辑技术可以实现单个碱基定向转换,不会导致 DNA 双链断裂, 理论上不会引发插入 / 缺失（Indels）,对基因编辑更精准、更安全。随着碱基编辑工具的不断开发和改良,其 不仅能产生 C → T（A → G）突变,还能产生 C、A 两种碱基的同时突变以及 C → G 突变,增加了应用范围;改 良的碱基编辑工具在保持编辑效率的同时能够降低甚至消除旁侧突变、非 C → T（A → G）突变以及 Indels,使 得碱基编辑技术在猪遗传修饰上具有更加重要的潜在应用价值。综述了不同的碱基编辑系统原理、碱基编辑技 术在基因修饰猪模型构建和猪遗传改良中的应用,以及碱基编辑系统在猪成纤维细胞中的编辑效率和脱靶情况, 以期为开展猪碱基编辑应用实践提供参考。  相似文献   

Common Sense Behavior Modification : A Guide for Practitioners     

Debra F. Horwitz  Amy L. Pike 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》2014

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Incisor ridge modification of the mandibles in freshwater crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus     

Muzaffer Mustafa Harlıoğlu 《Aquaculture International》2000,8(5):443-453

The differences in the ridge structure of the mandibles of different size Astacus leptodactylus (32–80 mm carapace length, CL) were investigated. The results showed that a modification occurs with an increase in size in the incisor ridge of mandibles in A. leptodactylus. The results also showed that A. leptodactylus possesses four different types of ridge structure in the mandibles. These are: (1) Incisor ridge with big teeth (dentate crenate), (2) Blade-like incisor ridge with numerous small teeth, (3) Blade-like ridge (toothless), (4) Blunt ridge. In conclusion, it is thought that the incisor ridge modification of the mandibles may cause the difference in the food choice of different size A. leptodactylus, because, crayfish possessing different ridge structures of the mandible may probably feed on different type of food.  相似文献   

挤压膨化与改性处理海带渣的油污吸附特性试验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李莎  张国琛  李秀辰  张倩  母刚  于鹏 《大连海洋大学学报》2014,(4):413-419

利用挤压膨化和改性处理的海带渣进行了油污吸附材料制备的试验研究,探讨了海带渣粒度和玉米碴添加量对挤压膨化海带渣油污吸附特性的影响,以及硬脂酸添加量、海带渣粒度和改性时间对改性海带渣油污吸附特性的影响。研究表明：增加玉米碴添加量,可提高挤压膨化海带渣的吸油率、吸油速率和漂浮率,但吸水率亦提高;海带渣粒度越小,挤压膨化后的海带渣吸油和漂浮效果越好,越不易吸水;当海带渣粒度为0.9 mm、玉米碴添加量为30%时,挤压膨化海带渣具有良好的油污吸附效果,其吸油率、吸油速率和漂浮率分别为142.8%、94.1%和49.4%,吸水率为89.2%。改性试验结果表明：硬脂酸改性可显著提高海带渣的漂浮率,降低其吸水率,但油污吸附效果随硬脂酸添加量的增加而下降;选择粒度较小的海带渣并且保证一定的改性时间,有利于提高油污吸附效果;当海带渣粒度为0.9 mm、硬脂酸添加量为8.5%、改性处理2 h时,海带渣的吸油率、吸油速率和漂浮率分别为217.5%、94.3%、94.0%,吸水率在31.0%以下,吸油率和漂浮率分别是挤压膨化海带渣的1.52倍和1.90倍,吸水率降低了65.2%。  相似文献   

Case study: Treatment of oral and locomotory stereotypic behaviors in a mature sow     

《Journal of Veterinary Behavior: Clinical Applications and Research》2014,9(5):269-273

A 32-month-old female 225-kg nonpregnant cross-bred Newsham sow presented a 6-week history of stereotypic behaviors when housed in a laboratory research facility. A behavioral examination over 12 daylight hours revealed 3 main stereotypic motor patterns, namely (1) oral-nasal gate manipulation defined as placement of the snout between the bars of the pen gate with repetitive, forceful up and down movement; (2) head weaving defined as repetitive lateral head and snout movement toward the pen gates while rocking back and forth on her forequarters with hooves remaining on ground at all times; and (3) body weaving defined as repetitive shifting of body weight from one side to the other with front hooves lifting alternately off the ground. The sow performed the oral-nasal gate manipulation and head and body weaving 4.0%, 12.4%, and 6.8% of her total baseline time budget, respectively. The presumptive diagnosis was oral-nasal and locomotory stereotypies. Three treatments were used to mitigate the duration and frequency of these stereotypic behaviors. Treatment 1—Social treatment (change social stimuli by providing visual and nose-to-nose contact with different neighboring sows); Treatment 2—Forage treatment (change foraging substrates by providing peat moss as a rooting substrate); and Treatment 3—Space treatment (change pen configuration by increasing space). The sow performed the oral-nasal gate manipulation and head and body weaving 0%, 0.4%, and 0.1% of her total time budget, respectively; social treatment: the sow performed the oral-nasal gate manipulation and head and body weaving 0.9%, 15.3%, and 11.3% of her total time budget, respectively; and forage treatment: the sow performed the oral-nasal gate manipulation and head and body weaving 0.5%, 28.0%, and 15.5% of her total time budget, respectively. This study is one of the first reports to evaluate the treatment of established stereotypies in a mature sow. Results suggest the promise of environmental enrichment as an effective treatment strategy. Further research is needed to evaluate the persistence of these behavioral changes and relative importance of different environmental manipulations provided.  相似文献   

22种海水鱼中ACEI的制备及其化学修饰   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

时瀚  孙谧  于建生  王跃军 《中国水产科学》2006,13(1):100-105

以取自中国黄海的22种鱼类为研究对象，测定其鱼肉组织上清液的酶解物对血管紧张素转化酶（ACE）的抑制作用。从6种商业用酶和1种新型海洋低温碱性蛋白酶（MLAP）中，筛选出MLAP作为酶解制备ACEI的理想水解酶。以该酶水解上述22种海水鱼鱼肉组织上清液，并将水解液经Sephadex G-25凝胶层析和DEAE Sepharose阴离子交换层析，得到ACEI纯品。测定各类ACEI体外抑制ACE的活性发现，这22种海水鱼中以缇鱼（Engraulis japonicus）所产ACEI活性最高，其余鱼类无显著差异。以缇鱼制备血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂（ACEI-22），并对ACEI-22作进一步研究，结果发现，ACEI-22对自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）有降压效果，但不显著；ACEI-22经聚乙二醇化学修饰后，修饰率为68％，且给药SHR后，大鼠收缩压显著降低，与相同条件下同剂量的卡托普利的降压效果相当。故聚乙二醇修饰的ACEI-22可有效地降低SHR的血压。  相似文献   

Synthetic Biology and Metabolic Engineering for Marine Carotenoids: New Opportunities and Future Prospects     

Chonglong Wang  Jung-Hun Kim  Seon-Won Kim 《Marine drugs》2014,12(9):4810-4832

Carotenoids are a class of diverse pigments with important biological roles such as light capture and antioxidative activities. Many novel carotenoids have been isolated from marine organisms to date and have shown various utilizations as nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals. In this review, we summarize the pathways and enzymes of carotenoid synthesis and discuss various modifications of marine carotenoids. The advances in metabolic engineering and synthetic biology for carotenoid production are also reviewed, in hopes that this review will promote the exploration of marine carotenoid for their utilizations.  相似文献