关于木兰属玉兰亚属分组问题的研究     

傅大立 《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》1999,(2)

简述了河南木兰属玉兰亚属树种资源及树种形变的特异性，探讨了该亚属的分组依据及标准，提出了合并望春玉兰组和木兰组为木兰组及成立朱砂玉兰组的依据，该依据得到了酶学和数量分类学的证实．  相似文献   

The Role of Phenolics and Peroxidase in Resistance to Alternaria triticina in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)     

M. Tyagi  Arvind M. Kayastha  B. Sinha 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1998,181(1):29-34

Total phenolic content in eight diverse wheat lines showed that PF-70354 YACO'S' had the highest (802.90 ± 1.35 μg g⁻¹ fresh weight) and Agra Local possessed the lowest amount (684.72 ± 5.28 μg g⁻¹ fresh weight). However, for further experiments two lines namely, ACC-8226 and MP-845, with contrasting disease scores under field trials were assessed. Pre-infectional levels of total phenolics and peroxidase activity were higher in ACC-8226 than in MP-845. Furthermore, the amount of phenolics and peroxidase activity in each case increased after inoculation. The post-infectional levels of phenolics and peroxidase were again higher in ACC-8226 than in MP-845. The peroxidase activity decreased with age in both the varieties, with very little peroxidase activity after 35th day. However, the amount of phenolics started to decrease with the progress of disease and age in MP-845, whereas in ACC-8226 an elevated level of it was maintained. Our findings not only support that ACC-8226 is the resistant and MP-845 is the susceptible variety but also provide important biochemical parameters for plant breeders to authentically identify potential breeding material and plan effective breeding strategies using these tools.  相似文献   

The effects of dietary oxidized fat and selenium source on performance,glutathione peroxidase,and glutathione reductase activity in broiler chickens     

《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2009,18(2):193-202

Normal or elevated selenium status of broilers, which is influenced by dietary selenium sources, improves the bird’s ability to overcome the adverse effects of reactive oxygen metabolites. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of feeding graded levels of peroxidized poultry fat on blood and hepatic glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and hepatic glutathione reductase activity in broiler chickens fed either inorganic sodium selenite (SEL) or organic selenium enriched in the organic selenium yeast product Sel-Plex (SP). Nine starter diets, varying in levels of oxidized fat (0, 3, and 6 mEq/kg) and dietary selenium sources, were fed to 360 male chicks from hatch to 21 d of age. Sel-Plex or SEL was added to the basal diet to provide either 0 or 0.2 ppm of supplemental selenium in the diets. Blood and hepatic samples were obtained for each treatment group at 21 d of age. Neither peroxidized fat nor selenium source significantly altered the activity of hepatic glutathione reductase (P ≤ 0.05). Blood GSH-Px was influenced significantly by both fat and selenium source (P ≤ 0.05), but the fat × selenium source interaction was not significant (P ≥ 0.3). A selenium source effect on the hepatic GSH-Px activity (P ≤ 0.05) was evidenced by higher GSH-Px activity, even in the basal diet with no added peroxidized fat. An increase in GSH-Px activity was seen in the erythrocyte and hepatic samples in both the SEL and SP treatments when peroxidized fat was given at 3 mEq/kg, but in the erythrocytes and in the hepatic tissues from SEL-supplemented birds, there was an apparent inhibition of GSH-Px activity. This inhibition was not seen in the hepatic tissue samples from SP-fed birds. Because elevated GSH-Px activity is indicative of oxidative stress, it was concluded that dietary SP supplementation resulted in better selenium and redox status in broilers than did SEL. These results indicate that the dietary selenium supplied in an organic form (selenium yeast as SP) improved the selenium and redox status in broilers, leading to greater resistance to oxidative stress than when the inorganic form of selenium (SEL) was fed.  相似文献   

BTH对新疆甜瓜过氧化物酶的系统诱导作用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

毛晓英  吴庆智  李学文  冯作山 《新疆农业大学学报》2004,27(4):31-35

采用3种浓度(25,50,100μg·ml-1)的BTH对耐病品种皇后和感病品种早金的第一片真叶进行诱导处理后,经诱导后不同时间测定第一片和第二片真叶的过氧化物酶(POD)活性,结果表明:BTH的三种不同的浓度处理均能诱导出耐病品种皇后第一片和第二片真叶的过氧化物酶(POD)活性的升高,与空白差异显著,以25μg·ml-1BTH处理的过氧化物酶(POD)活性最高,空白的为最低。第一片真叶的酶活性高峰为诱导处理后的第7天和第16天,第二片真叶的酶活性高峰为诱导处理后的第16天。BTH的三种不同的浓度处理也能诱导出感病品种早金第一片和第二片真叶的过氧化物酶(POD)活性的升高,但与空白差异不显著。以25μg·ml-1BTH处理的过氧化物酶(POD)活性最高,空白的最低。证明了甜瓜抗病性与甜瓜植株过氧化物酶活力呈正相关。BTH诱导酶活性的效应可以通过植物的输导组织,传导给其它未经处理的甜瓜组织,诱导其它组织中的过氧化物酶(POD)活性的升高。以25μg·ml-1BTH诱导效果最好。  相似文献   

Transcriptional and translational analyses of poplar anionic peroxidase isoenzymes     

Shinya Sasaki  Motoyuki Shimizu  Hiroyuki Wariishi  Yuji Tsutsumi  Ryuichiro Kondo 《Journal of Wood Science》2007,53(5):427-435

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The effect of different concentrations of linseed oil or fish oil in the maternal diet on the fatty acid composition and oxidative status of sows and piglets          下载免费PDF全文

S. Tanghe  J. Missotten  K. Raes  S. De Smet 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2015,99(5):938-949

N‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are essential for foetal development. Hence, including n‐3 PUFA in the sow diet can be beneficial for reproduction. Both the amount and form (precursor fatty acids vs. long chain PUFA) of supplementation are important in this respect. Furthermore, including n‐3 PUFA in the diet can have negative effects, such as decreased arachidonic acid (ARA) concentration and increased oxidative stress. This study aimed to compare the efficacy to increase eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) concentrations in the piglet, when different concentrations of linseed oil (LO, source of precursor α‐linolenic acid) or fish oil (FO, source of EPA and DHA) were included in the maternal diet. Sows were fed a palm oil diet or a diet including 0.5% or 2% LO or FO from day 45 of gestation until weaning. Linoleic acid (LA) was kept constant in the diets to prevent a decrease in ARA, and all diets were supplemented with α‐tocopherol acetate (150 mg/kg) and organic selenium (0.4 mg/kg) to prevent oxidative stress. Feeding 0.5% LO or 0.5% FO to the sows resulted in comparable EPA concentrations in the 5‐day old piglet liver, but both diets resulted in lower EPA concentrations than when 2% LO was fed. The highest EPA concentration was obtained when 2% FO was fed. The DHA level in the piglet liver could only be increased when FO, but not LO, was fed to the sows. The 2% FO diet had no advantage over the 0.5% FO diet to increase DHA in the piglet. Despite the constant LA concentration in the sow diet, a decrease in ARA could not be avoided when LO or FO were included in the diet. Feeding 2% FO to the sows increased the malondialdehyde concentration (marker for lipid peroxidation) in sow plasma, but not in piglets.  相似文献   

The Effect of Consumption of Selenium Enriched Rye/Wheat Sourdough Bread on the Body’s Selenium Status     

Bryszewska MA  Ambroziak W  Langford NJ  Baxter MJ  Colyer A  Lewis DJ 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2007,62(3):121-126

The potential of selenium-enriched rye/wheat sourdough bread as a route for supplementing dietary selenium intakes is reported. In addition to their normal diets, 24 female volunteers (24 to 25 years old) were fed either selenium-enriched bread or non-enriched bread each day (68.02 and 0.84 μg selenium day⁻¹ respectively) for 4 weeks. The chemical form of the selenium in the bread had been characterised using HPLC-ICP-MS, which showed that 42% of the extractable selenium was present as selenomethionine. Plasma selenium levels and plasma platelet glutathione peroxidase (GPx1) activity were measured in the volunteers’ blood over a 6-week period. A statistically significant difference (p = 0.001) was observed in the mean percentage change data, calculated from the plasma selenium level measurements for the enriched and control group, over the duration of the study. A comparable difference was not observed for the platelet GPx1 activity (p = 0.756), over the same period. Two weeks after cessation of the feeding stage, i.e., at t = 6 weeks, the mean percentage change value for the selenium plasma levels in the enriched group was still significantly elevated, suggesting that the absorbed selenium had been incorporated into the body’s selenium reserves, and was then being slowly released back into the volunteers’ blood.  相似文献   

非生物逆境对植物抗坏血酸过氧化物酶作用的影响研究进展     

弓鹏娟 《绿色科技》2014,(10)

指出了植物抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(Ascorbate peroxidase,APX)含有高度保守的氨基酸残基,分为叶绿体型同工酶和非光合器官型同工酶,以各自特异方式调控细胞内过氧化氢(H2O2)浓度。APX基因编码区同源性较高,表达具有组织特异性,响应H2O2、热激转录因子(Heat shock factors,HSFs)等信号因子调节,可调控胁迫相关蛋白和转录因子的表达。非生物逆境胁迫下,过量表达APX,可有效清除物体内活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS),减轻过氧化损伤,提高植物抵御逆境的能力。  相似文献   

草鱼LDH同工酶比较酶学和免疫化学性质   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

薛国雄  官平  张燕生  杨靖  赵淑慧  吴婷婷  夏德全 《水产学报》1992,16(4):357-364

本文以草鱼为材料,利用亲和层析法,从肌肉、心脏和肝脏中分离纯化了 LDH同工酶基因产物;LDH-A_4、B_4和C_4,并对其纯度,氨基酸组成以及动力学性质进行了比较分析,同时制取了A_4、B_4和C_4的相应抗体,利用抗原-抗体免疫吸附反应对一些淡水鱼类的LDH 酶谱进行了准确的鉴定。  相似文献   

Glutathione and its Related Enzymes in the Nile Fish   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Ragaa R. Hamed  Tahany M. Maharem  Rasha A. M. Guinidi 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2004,30(3-4):189-199

Glutathione (GSH) and related enzymes, glutathione transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) form an important phase 2 biotransformation enzymes system. The objective of this study was to compare this enzymes system in three fish species from the river Nile, Oreochromis niloticus, Claris lazera and Cyprinus carpio in order to establish the main differences and to purify and characterize GST from the liver of O. niloticus.The level of GSH and the activity of GST, GPx and GR in the liver, kidney and gills of the three fish species were examined. A simple reproducible procedure for the purification of GST from the liver of O. niloticus to homogeneity, which includes chromatography on DEAE- cellulose followed by affinity chromatography on GSH-sepharose was established. The molecular mass was found to be 25,460 Da by SDS-PAGE. The Michaelis-Meneten constants (K_m) of the enzyme for GSH and CDNB were 0.35 mM and 0.42 mM, respectively. The affinity purified enzyme exhibited maximum pH at pH 8.0 and increasing pH above 8.0 did not affect the observed maximum. The purified enzyme acts readily on CDNB, less readily on some standard transferase substrates (1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene and p-nitrophenethyl bromide) and not at all on others (bromosulphophthalein and p-nitrobenzyl chloride). Bromosulfophthalein, cibacron blue and hematin inhibited CDNB-conjugating activity of the purified enzyme with IC₅₀ 0.079, 3.98 and 0.126 μM, respectively.  相似文献